航天器激光防护材料研究现状与发展趋势

根据激光防护的原理和途径,介绍了基于线性光学原理、基于非线性光学原理和基于相变原理的激光防护材料的特点及其国内外研究进展,讨论了激光防护材料的发展方向。     

改进FDTD／集总源模型分析航天器场线耦合

针对典型的电磁脉冲对航天器电缆耦合问题,建立了航天器场线耦合分析模型。在场分布计算方面,采用基于平均电参数和分析目标与 Yee网格不重合的边缘部分修正的改进时域有限差分法。在场线耦合方面,建立基于集总等效源模型的多导体传输线瞬态响应模型,将外场在传输线上激励的分布电压源和电流源与传输线指数矩阵解耦,建立了集总等效电压源和电流源模型。采用分析模型分析运载内一根电缆受电磁脉冲影响的响应,结果表明,即使存在屏蔽作用,电磁脉冲在电缆上耦合的干扰足以损毁设备。     

Three dimensional temperature field in a conducting sphere due to an arbitrarily located split ring heating source

Thermal control of spacecrafts plays an important role in space missions. In the design stage the preliminary thermal analysis of the spacecraft requires an estimate of the conductive thermal resistance between the various spacecraft components. With this in mind, the fully three dimensional problem of determining the thermal field in a conducting sphere with an asymmetric split ring current carrying heating source is resolved in an analytical or almost analytical form, implying either a closed form solution or utmost expressions involving a simple numerical integration. This has immediate application for evaluation of thermal resistance in spacecrafts. Green's function integral techniques are used. Comparisons are made with series solutions and also with purely numerical solutions to contrast the simplicity and highlight the elegance of the present method. Parametric studies reveal expected behavior.     

光电自准直仪自适应光源设计方法研究

介绍了一种自适应光源设计方法。利用反馈原理自动校正自准直光源参数,调节发光强度,降低了自准直仪对反光面、使用环境的苛刻要求,提高了仪器的环境通用性及测量精度。     

基于分布式信源编码和感兴趣区域编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩

基于干涉多光谱图像特点和应用环境要求,提出一种基于分布式信源编码和感兴趣区域编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩算法。编码端通过关键帧预测出边信息帧,然后联合估计的边信息帧和插值分布的概率模型在编码端进行比特平面码率估计,最后采用基于率失真提升的感兴趣区域编码,调整图像不同区域的率失真斜率来进行更合理的码率分配。实验结果表明,该算法比传统算法更好地保护了多光谱图像的光谱信息。在不同压缩比的情况下,这种编码方式在干涉多光谱图像压缩系统中可获得较好的效果,算法复杂度低。     

HOTDISK在低导热材料测试中的重复性分析

HOTDISK在工程材料导热系数测试中有着广泛应用。通过用HOTDISK对气凝胶粉体、保温毯和保温绝热板的测试,对比了不同时间段测试结果的波动情况,根据数据波动规律给出了测试过程中需要注意的事项和相应的改进建议。     

基于群相位量子化处理的新型高分辨率相位差测量方法

在群周期相位比对和群相位量子化处理的基础上,提出了一种新型高分辨率相位差测量方法。利用频率信号间群相位重合点的分布规律,在群相位重合点处建立测量闸门,将相位差的测量转化为以群周期为基础的短时间间隔测量,大大提高了系统的测量分辨率。通过公共频率源信号的引入和群相位量子化处理技术,降低了实际计数闸门开启和关闭的随机性,消除了传统测量中±1个字的计数误差,提高了短时间间隔的测量分辨率,从而有效地提高了相位差的测量分辨率。实验结果表明该方法的科学性和先进性,鉴于短时间间隔的测量分辨率可达10 -13 /s量级,通过MCU控制时间--相位差的转换,实际相位差的测量分辨率可达0.0001度,明显优于传统的相位差测量方法,同时该方法电路简单,成本低廉,在卫星导航系统主、备份原子钟之间的无缝切换、1pps信号的相位异常检测及星地间高精度时间同步方面具有广泛的应用。     

氢氧火箭发动机羽烟紫外辐射参数反演研究

针对氢氧火箭发动机羽烟紫外辐射特性参数分析,提出一种基于紫外CCD(change coupled device)相机采集的单幅辐射图像,同时反演羽烟内紫外辐射源项和吸收系数的方法.该方法将羽烟简化为发射-吸收轴对称介质,通过对辐射图像数据进行Able变换得到三维介质内辐射强度分布,利用最小二乘法将反演问题转化为使计算得到的与Abel变换得到的辐射强度误差最小的最优化问题,然后利用共轭梯度法求解该最优化问题.通过在求解正问题得到的准确值的基础上添加随机噪声,模拟辐射图像数据,分析了测量误差对算法反演精度的影响.结果表明:该算法对测量误差不敏感,能够准确的重建羽烟内的辐射源项和吸收系数分布.      

Removing orbital debris with lasers

Orbital debris in low Earth orbit (LEO) are now sufficiently dense that the use of LEO space is threatened by runaway collision cascading. A problem predicted more than thirty years ago, the threat from debris larger than about 1 cm demands serious attention. A promising proposed solution uses a high power pulsed laser system on the Earth to make plasma jets on the objects, slowing them slightly, and causing them to re-enter and burn up in the atmosphere. In this paper, we reassess this approach in light of recent advances in low-cost, light-weight modular design for large mirrors, calculations of laser-induced orbit changes and in design of repetitive, multi-kilojoules lasers, that build on inertial fusion research. These advances now suggest that laser orbital debris removal (LODR) is the most cost-effective way to mitigate the debris problem. No other solutions have been proposed that address the whole problem of large and small debris. A LODR system will have multiple uses beyond debris removal. International cooperation will be essential for building and operating such a system.     

新型电子束焊机阴极加热电源自动调节系统

开发了一种新型电子束焊机阴极加热电源自动调节系统,包括新型主电路拓扑和对应控制策略,该系统能够使阴极处在最佳加热电流状态,从而提高电子束流稳定性.并且在检测到电子枪未加高压时,阴极加热电流自动关闭,在加有高压但束流给定为零时,阴极加热电流自动减少,能大幅增加阴极的使用寿命.经试验证明该系统相比传统阴极加热电源操作简洁、快速和准确,对焊缝成形质量好.