空间静电放电传导干扰分析方法研究

应用空间静电放电 (SESD)传导干扰的集总单元模型 (LEM )分析方法 ,提出了空间静电放电源电路等效模型、航天器结构LEM模型和星上电缆LEM模型的建模方法 ,对实际卫星平板型天线系统的SESD传导干扰进行了分析研究。结果表明LEM方法用于航天器SESD传导干扰分析是有效的 ,通过对静电放电传导干扰的分析 ,可以确定放电诱导的瞬态电流及其感应电压的去向及其危险性     

复杂线束在双BCI耦合下的终端响应机理

高强度辐射场实验室环境下构建困难，应用双大电流注入(BCI)法替代辐照法进行抗扰度研究具有广阔的前景。针对当前双电流钳与线束耦合机理不清晰的问题，建立了双电流钳与线束耦合的精确解析模型。采用先分段后级联的方法对线束进行研究，首先在电流钳与线束的耦合区间建立π型等效电路模型，然后在电流钳与线束的非耦合区间基于传输线理论构建链路参数矩阵，最后将各区间级联为线束终端响应预测模型。基于有限积分法建立数值电磁仿真模型，比较解析模型与数值仿真模型对线束终端响应的预测结果，结果显示:二者对线束终端响应电压的求解结果有较好的一致性，MAPE为17%，进而验证了模型的有效性。应用模型分析电流钳与线束的相对位置对终端响应电压的影响，结果表明:低频段几乎无影响，超过100 MHz，线束终端响应电压的幅值与谐振点发生改变。      

一种快速测试线缆终端共模阻抗的方法

航空电子设备之间的互联线缆是电磁干扰耦合的重要路径。对线缆耦合进行建模分析时,线缆终端共模阻抗是至关重要的输入参数。而航电系统线缆数量较多,提高线缆终端共模阻抗的测试效率,有利于快速建立线缆耦合模型。为此,提出了一种快速测试线缆终端共模阻抗的方法。首先,根据多导体传输线理论证明,在分析共模电流时可以将多芯线缆等效为一根单导体。进而,将线缆束等效为多导体传输线,并采用矢量网络分析仪和电流探头测量各条线缆2个任选位置处的电压反射系数。然后,基于所建立的多导体传输线模型,构造以终端阻抗为未知数的方程组。最后,采用数值迭代算法求解该方程组,得到各条线缆的终端共模阻抗。与现有方法相比,所提方法提高了测试效率和测试精度。      

航天器太阳翼展开锁定分析

研究航天器太阳翼锁定过程的动力学特性。对展开锁定和姿态运动做耦合分析,给出了采用有限段模型划分的耦合动力学方程。针对某一卫星给出了锁定过程中各参量的响应曲线,包括卫星本体姿态以及BAPTA 上所承受的作用力和作用力矩由线。该模型也适用于航天器多体系统的展开锁定分析。     

线缆耦合信号实时监测方法

线缆耦合是航电系统电磁干扰问题的主要来源之一,对其进行监测具有重要意义。利用线缆束中的非功能线作为监测线,实现了一种对功能线缆耦合到的干扰信号进行实时监测的方法。由于监测线与被测线具有相似的干扰场分布和布线路径,因此可以抵消二者的未知性和随机性带来的影响。将监测线与被测线视为相同的二端口网络,建立采用ABCD矩阵描述的端口电流相互关系,进而利用传输线理论建立频域解析模型,将其转化为离散时间模型并给出系统的信号流图,为硬件实现提供基础。以一个四芯传输线系统为例对本文方法进行了验证,与实测结果对比,端口电流峰值误差不超过6%,验证了本文方法的有效性和精度。     

带多个充液储箱航天器的耦合动力学建模方法

研究了充液航天器储箱内液体晃动与全星姿态运动的耦合动力学建模方法．分别基于单摆等效力学模型和质心面等效力学模型建立了全星姿态耦合动力学方程,并分别针对2个储箱串联布局、3个储箱并联布局的充液航天器在不同工况下的液体晃动问题进行了数值仿真研究;同时比较分析了两种储箱布局方案下液体晃动对航天器姿态运动的影响,为工程应用提供参考．     

星载大型反射面天线的刚-柔-姿控一体化在轨振动分析方法

随着大型可展开环形天线在航天器上的应用,口径越来越大,指标更加严格,卫星姿控、轨控、太阳翼驱动等导致的机械运动必然会引起大型反射面天线的振动,从而造成电性能降低,影响任务完成质量。提供了一种获取大型环形天线在轨振动影响的刚–柔–姿控一体化分析方法,建立了集扰动源、整星刚柔耦合动力学模型、姿态控制系统、天线振动影响分析的一体化仿真分析模型,实现了在典型扰动模式下的环形天线的振动响应计算、环形天线整体指向和变形计算。分析结果为天线在轨振动影响分析、性能指标预示、振动传递机理及抑制措施提供支持。     

充液挠性航天器姿态机动终端滑模控制

对存在未知外界干扰、参数不确定问题的刚–液–柔多体耦合航天器姿态控制进行了研究。将液体燃料的晃动等效为球摆模型，挠性附件假设为欧拉–伯努利梁，运用拉格朗日方法建立航天器的动力学方程。将外界干扰、航天器转动惯量的参数不确定性以及液体晃动和挠性附件振动带来的耦合干扰归结为集总干扰，设计干扰观测器对其进行补偿；在干扰观测器的基础上，设计一种模糊滑模控制律。在原有的终端滑模控制基础上采用模糊控制对切换增益进行改进，达到抑制系统抖动的目的。数值仿真结果表明：所设计的模糊终端滑模控制律不仅能够实现充液挠性航天器的姿态机动，而且能够有效抑制液体晃动和挠性附件的振动，具有更好的控制性能。     

航天器随机振动设计载荷比较

将直接影响航天器结构质量的随机振动载荷等效为准静态的设计载荷,是航天器结构设计分析中的一项重要内容。文章简要介绍了基于加速度峰值响应等效的设计载荷与基于位移峰值响应等效的设计载荷的原理与方法;重点运用解析法与有限元仿真比较了两种方法的差别,分析得出基于加速度的设计载荷要大于基于位移的设计载荷。文章推荐使用基于位移峰值响应等效的设计载荷,该方法将有效减轻结构质量。     

一种基于模态参数实时辨识方法的参数时变航天器控制方法

针对一种因挠性结构转动引起模态参数变化的航天器研究了一种基于模态参数辨识的控制方法。首先以一种刚柔耦合复杂航天器为对象，建立分析航天器的动力学模型。然后，基于该模型，采用一种基于改进递归预测器的子空间辨识(RPBSID)法模态辨识方法估计系统状态量。最后，基于辨识状态量采用无模型控制方法进行控制，通过基于MATLAB软件的仿真实验，验证了方法的有效性。     

Synthesis,chemistry and photochemistry of cyanobutadiyne (HCCCCCN)

Cyanobutadiyne has been synthesized starting from the mono or bistributylstannyl derivative of 1,3-butadiyne and p-toluenesulfonyl cyanide. The UV spectrum of HC₅N and the ¹³C NMR spectrum of the deuterocyanobutadiyne DC₅N have been recorded for the first time. Cyanobutadiyne has been detected in the photolysis of mixtures of gases observed on Titan. Its formation starting from cyanoacetylene and acetylene also occurs in the presence of huge amounts of dinitrogen, the major constituent of the Titan’s atmosphere. The application of these findings to the atmosphere of Titan is discussed. The chemistry and photochemistry of cyanobutadiyne have been investigated. A photoadduct has been observed in the photolysis of cyanoacetylene and ethanethiol and, a univocal synthesis of this compound was performed by a nucleophilic addition reaction.     

Plasma chemical reactions in C2H2/N2, C2H4/N2, and C2H6/N2 gas mixtures of a laboratory dielectric barrier discharge

Plasma chemical reactions in C₂H₂/N₂, C₂H₄/N₂, and C₂H₆/N₂ gas mixtures have been studied by means of mass spectrometry at a medium pressure of 300 mbar in a laboratory dielectric barrier discharge. A major reaction scheme is production of larger hydrocarbons like C_nH_m with n up to 12 including formation of functional CN groups.     

Comparison of observed hmF2 and IRI 2007 model with M(3000)F2 estimation of hmF2 at low solar activity for an equatorial station

This is to investigate ways of improving the Equatorial F2-layer peak heights estimated from M(3000)F2 ionosonde data measured using the Ionospheric Prediction Service (IPS-42) sounder at Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (Latitude +12.4°N, Longitude +1.5°W, Dip latitude +5.9°N) during a low solar activity year (1995). For this purpose, we have compared the observed h_mF2 (h_mF2_obs) deduced using an algorithm from scaled virtual heights of quiet day ionograms and the predicted h_mF2 values which is given by the IRI 2007 model (h_mF2_{IRI 2007}) with the ionosonde measured M(3000)F2 estimation of the h_mF2 values (h_mF2_est) respectively. The correlation coefficients R² for all the seasons were found to range from 0.259 to 0.692 for h_mF2_obs values, while it ranges from 0.551 to 0.875 for the h_mF2_{IRI 2007} values. During the nighttime, estimated h_mF2 (h_mF2_est) was found to be positively correlated with the h_mF2_obs values by the post-sunset peak representation which is also represented by the h_mF2_{IRI 2007} values. We also investigated the validity of the h_mF2_est values by finding the percentage deviations when compared with the h_mF2_obs and h_mF2_{IRI 2007}.     

Contribution analysis of QZSS to single-frequency PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) established by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency mainly serves the Asia-Pacific region and its surrounding areas. Currently, four in-orbit satellites provide services. Most users of GNSS in the mass market use single-frequency (SF) receivers owing to the low cost. Therefore, it is meaningful to analyze and evaluate the contribution of the QZSS to SF precise point positioning (PPP) of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems with the emergence of GNSS and QZSS. This study compares the performances of three SF PPP models, namely the GRoup and PHase Ionospheric Correction (GRAPHIC) model, GRAPHIC with code observation model, and an ionosphere-constrained model, and evaluated the contribution of the QZSS to the SF PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems. Moreover, the influence of code bias on the SF PPP of the BDS system is also analyzed. A two-week dataset (DOY 013–026, 2019) from 10 stations of the MGEX network is selected for validation, and the results show that: (1) For cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of GLONASS + QZSS are reduced by 4.3, 30.8, and 12.7%, respectively, and the positioning accuracy is similar compared with that of the GLONASS system. Compared with the BDS single system, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of BDS + QZSS under 15 and 25° are reduced by 37.6 and 39.2%, the horizontal positioning accuracies are improved by 18.6 and 14.1%, and the vertical components are improved by 13.9 and 21.4%, respectively. At cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the positioning accuracy and precision of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo + QZSS is similar to that of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. And the convergence times are reduced by 7.4 and 4.3% at cut-off elevation angles of 20 and 25°, respectively. In imitating dynamic PPP, the QZSS significantly improves the positioning accuracy of BDS and GLONASS. However, QZSS has little effect on the GPS-only, Galileo-only and GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. (2) The code bias of BDS IGSO and MEO cannot be ignored in SF PPP. In static SF PPP, taking the frequency band of B1I whose multipath combination is the largest among the frequency bands as an example, the vertical component has a systematic bias of approximately 0.4–1.0 m. After correcting the code bias, the positioning error in the vertical component is lower than 0.2 m, and the positioning accuracy in the horizontal component are improved accordingly. (3) The SF PPP model with ionosphere constraints has a better convergence speed, while the positioning accuracy of the three models is nearly equal. Therefore the GRAPHIC model can be used to get good positioning accuracy in the absence of external ionosphere products, but its convergence speed is slower.     

SIS/LPB/PAn导电橡胶复合物

采用原位聚合法,在SIS(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)/LPB(液体聚丁二烯)橡胶基体中合成PAn(聚苯胺),形成单面导电的导电橡胶复合物.研究了基体聚合物交联度、苯胺、氧化剂用量和聚合反应时间等几种主要反应条件对复合物导电性的影响.导电层中PAn含量只有6.1%,导电面电导率就可达5.5S/m.该复合物的电导率:①随基体聚合物的交联度的增大而减小;②随苯胺用量的增大而增大;③随氧化剂用量的增大先增大后减小.      

GPS/DRS/DMAP汽车定位导航系统

阐述了一种基于单片机的由速率陀螺、磁罗盘和里程仪组成的新型航迹推算系统及其工作原理,在此基础上设计了多级滤波组合方式GPS(Global Positioning System)/DRS(Dead Reckoning System)汽车定位导航系统,并通过地图匹配进一步提高定位精度,同时利用GSM(Global System for Mobile communications)进行定位数据的无线传输.跑车实验表明该系统具有较高的定位精度和可靠性.     

Hall MHD reconnection with an initial guide field By0

An uniform out-of-plane magnetic field component B_y0 is added to the equilibrium Harris sheet with plasma β = 0.5 and L_c = 0.5d_i (where L_c is the half-width of the equilibrium current layer and d_i is the ion inertial length). Driven by the continuous boundary inflows, the magnetic reconnections with the guide field B_y0/B₀ ranging from 0 to 4.0 are investigated using a 2.5D Hall magnetohydro-dynamic (MHD) code developed from a multi-step implicit scheme. The features of the reconnection field are substantially altered in the presence of the guide field. The openness of the magnetic separatrix angle is slightly reduced and the anti-symmetric quadrupolar structure of B_y field and the symmetric distribution of plasma pressure P are replaced by an asymmetric B_y four-wing structure and an asymmetric P plot as a non-zero B_y0 is added. The decoupling of electrons and ions also occurs near the X line in the case with a finite B_y0, but the effect of initial B_y0 on the electron flow is greater than that on the ion flow. The reconnection rates at the X-line drops from 0.151 to 0.06, namely, ∂A/∂t is reduced by a factor of 2.5 as B_y0/B₀ increases from 0 to 4.0. The reduction of reconnection rate might be related to the reducing openness of reconnection layer with the increasing B_y0.     

Optical/radio/pulsars integrated navigation for Mars orbiter

In this paper, we address the issue of the integrated navigation algorithm with different combination of measurements for Mars orbiter. First, system dynamic model and navigation measurement models using optical measurement information, radio measurement information and X-ray pulsars measurement information are respectively established. Second, optical/radio/pulsars integrated navigation algorithm is proposed, and observability analysis of the integrated navigation system is also conducted. Third, adaptive extended Kalman filter is adopted to fuse measurement information and suppress measurement and process noise to optimally estimate the state of Mars orbiter. Monte Carlo simulation results show that optical/radio/pulsars integrated navigation can effectively improve the navigation accuracy and satisfy the navigation requirements of Mars orbiter.     

Radio/FADS/IMU integrated navigation for Mars entry

Supposing future orbiting and landing collaborative exploration mission as the potential project background, this paper addresses the issue of Mars entry integrated navigation using radio beacon, flush air data sensing system (FADS), and inertial measurement unit (IMU). The range and Doppler information sensed from an orbiting radio beacon, the dynamic pressure and heating data sensed from flush air data sensing system, and acceleration and attitude angular rate outputs from an inertial measurement unit are integrated in an unscented Kalman filter to perform state estimation and suppress the system and measurement noise. Computer simulations show that the proposed integrated navigation scheme can enhance the navigation accuracy, which enables precise entry guidance for the given Mars orbiting and landing collaborative exploration mission.