Comprehensive performance review of BDS-3 after one-year official operation

On July 31, 2020, the third generation BeiDou Global Satellite Navigation System (BDS-3) was officially put into service. Here we first reviewed the development history of BDS-3, and described the status of BDS-3 constellation, satellite signals, and ground tracking network. Then we expounded the 10 innovations in which BDS-3 differs from the other global satellite navigation systems. In addition, the latest service performance status of BDS-3 was displayed from a comprehensive perspective. The performance of BDS-3 was analyzed and evaluated from five aspects: constellation performance, observation data quality, spatial signal performance, PNT (Positioning, Navigation, and Timing) service performance, and precision positioning application. We used 14 indices to conduct comprehensive assessment of the BDS-3 service performance. Finally, the main direction of the next development of BDS was prospected.     

Analysis on navigation accuracy of high orbit spacecraft based on BDS GEO and IGSO satellites

To make up for the insufficiency of earth-based TT&C systems, the use of GNSS technology for high-orbit spacecraft navigation and orbit determination has become a new technology. It is of great value to applying Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) and Inclined GeoStationary Orbit (IGSO) navigation satellites for supporting the navigation of high-orbit spacecraft since there are three different types of navigation satellites in BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS): Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), GEO and IGSO. This paper conducts simulation experiments based on Two-Line Orbital Element (TLE) data to analyze and demonstrate the role of these satellites in the navigation of high-orbit spacecraft. Firstly, the spacecraft in GEO was used as the target satellite to conduct navigation experiments. Experiments show that for the spacecraft on the GEO orbit, after adding GEO and IGSO respectively on the basis of receiving MEO navigation satellite signals, the accuracies were improved by 7.22 % and 6.06 % respectively. When adding both GEO and IGSO navigation satellites at the same time, the accuracy can reach 16 m. In the second place, navigation and positioning experiments were carried out on three high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellites with different semimajor axis (32037.2 km, 42385.9 km, 67509.6 km). The experiments show that the number of visible satellites has been improved significantly after adding GEO and IGSO navigation satellites at the same time. The visible satellites in these three orbits were improved by 32.84 %, 41.12 % and 37.68 %, respectively compared with only observing MEO satellites.The RMS values of the navigation positioning errors of these three orbits are 25.59 m, 87.58 m and 712.48 m, respectively.     

Cooperative fault detection and recovery in the GNSS positioning of mobile agent swarms based on relative distance measurements

Relative measurements are exploited to cooperatively detect and recover faults in the positioning of Mobile Agent(MA) Swarms(MASs). First, a network vertex fault detection method based on edge testing is proposed. For each edge, a property that has a functional relationship with the properties of its two vertices is measured and tested. Based on the edge testing results of the network, the maximum likelihood principle is used to identify the vertex fault sources. Second, an edge distance testing...     

光学捷联基准导航计算机设计与实现

为满足当前光学捷联基准解算精度高、低功耗、小型化的需求，设计了一种基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）和数字信号处理器（DSP）为核心的嵌入式导航计算机。对导航计算机（ENC）硬件设计进行了阐述，并重点研究了导航计算机信息处理模块（MPM）和数据采集通信模块（DCM）的协同使用，充分体现了DSP和FPGA联合使用的优点。其次，研究了基于主惯导航向和计程仪速度组合的Kalman滤波器设计，以解决长时间工作对系统精度的影响。最后，将该导航计算机实际应用于捷联基准中，通过半实物仿真试验，验证了导航计算机硬件方案的可行性和Kalman滤波器设计的合理性。结果表明，基于FPGA和DSP双核的嵌入式导航计算机性能稳定，设计合理，满足光学捷联基准高精度、低功耗的使用要求。     

国家定位导航授时基础设施现状及能力展望

定位导航授时基础设施对国家安全和国民经济发展具有重要的支撑和促进作用。为适应未来用户数量、服务质量等方面攀升的需求,有必要提升国家定位导航授时基础设施的服务能力。全面介绍了国内外定位导航授时相关基础设施的发展现状,展望了我国定位导航授时能力的发展方向。     

基于自包含传感器的单兵导航系统设计

针对无卫星信号环境中单兵人员导航定位需求,设计了一种基于自包含传感器的单兵导航系统,重点研究了惯性传感器和压力传感器组合的零速区间检测算法,并通过对单兵导航系统背景磁场误差进行补偿来计算航向角,实现了速度观测量和航向观测量的准确提取。在此基础上,采用Kalman滤波器对系统状态误差进行估计,并对惯性导航解算结果中的累积误差进行修正。最后,在实际路线上开展了单兵导航系统定位实验,实验结果表明,行人在矩形路线终点位置处的位置误差为0.42m,占行走总路程的0.33%,从而证明了零速修正和航向修正能有效提高单兵导航系统的定位精度。     

空天飞行器星敏感器安装误差在线标定方法

空天飞行器高动态、长航时的运动特性可能导致一体化安装的惯性/天文组合导航系统中星敏感器与惯导间产生安装误差角。设计了一种星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方法,建立了星敏感器安装误差角模型,设计了基于天文角度观测的星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方案,分析了不同机动飞行方式下星敏感器安装误差角的可观测度。仿真结果表明,所设计的基于卡尔曼滤波的动态辨识方法能够在飞行器机动过程中快速地对星敏感器安装误差角进行在线标定,对安装误差角的标定值可以达到实际误差值的85%以上,有效地提高了组合导航系统的精度。     

卫星授时与时间传递技术进展

近年来,卫星导航技术发展迅速.卫星导航系统以精密时间测量技术为基础,实现了伪距测量,进而实现定位.同时,卫星导航系统还提供了高精度授时功能.综述了卫星导航系统的授时和时间频率传递技术、基于通信卫星的授时技术以及双向卫星时间频率传递(TWSTFT)技术等.随着我国北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的建成和提供服务,BDS授时应用研究正在快速发展.基于BDS/GNSS多系统的精密单点定位(PPP)时间传递技术已成为重点研究方向,未来将会应用于国际时间比对.同时,随着卫星通信技术尤其是低轨通信卫星技术的快速发展,低轨通信卫星授时会成为一个有潜力的研究方向.     

浅析水下PNT体系及其关键技术

针对水下用户进行了梳理与分类,分析了水下用户对于PNT服务的需求,以及当前水下PNT体系的能力水平距离满足用户长期需求存在的差距。阐述了当前国际上水下PNT体系的建设现状,以及部分国家对于PNT体系建设的规划。在此基础上,分析了未来水下PNT体系的发展方向。最后,从水下PNT特殊性出发,总结归纳了包含惯性、重力/地磁匹配、水声导航、水下PNT能力评估等技术内容的水下PNT关键技术。     

一种基于State模式的惯导系统软件设计方法

State模式是一种面向对象的设计方法。针对惯导系统软件设计中的问题,提出了一种基于State模式的惯导系统软件设计方法,并将其应用于惯导系统软件分支流程的设计过程中。与传统设计方法相比,该方法将逻辑判断和处理封装在状态对象中,为不同系统状态子类声明了一个公共接口,用子类实现特定状态下的行为操作,避免了多种状态转换时逻辑判断的复杂度,降低了惯导系统软件的耦合程度,增强了代码的可靠性、健壮性和可移植性,从而提高了软件质量。