（001）取向DD100单晶合金高温慢拉伸断裂行为研究

通过对单晶［００１］取向的慢拉伸断裂行为研究发现,与真空中相比,空气中氧对单晶７６０℃温度下慢拉伸性能以及８５０℃温度下慢拉伸强度影响不大,但使８５０℃时单晶的延性下降;氧的存在不影响单晶的断裂方式,而改变单晶拉伸试样表面裂纹的扩展;空气中慢拉伸断口的主裂纹源位于断口边缘,而真空中主裂纹源则位于断口中间部位;无论是真空还是空气中,慢拉伸断裂为多源开裂,断口中存在（００１）方形结晶面包围的孔洞。     

飞机起落架用钢贝氏体组织的屈强比问题

本文根据强度设计规范要求和试验结果,指出飞机起落架用钢在满足屈强比σ_(0.2)/0_h>0.67的条件下,以适当降低该值更为行利。对40CrMnSiMoVA钢的研究证实,σ_(0.2)和σ_(0.2)/σ_h值在循环载荷作用下并非恒值。贝氏体组织较低的σ_(0.2)/σ_h值使其发生循环硬化,从而减轻钢的缺口敏感性并延长其疲劳裂纹形成寿命,同时具有更为明显的超载延寿效果。     

火星探测用金属/CO2燃烧技术研究进展与展望

火星原位资源利用指利用火星当地资源生产火星探测所需原料和能源,减少任务载荷,降低发射成本,是火星探测不可或缺的关键技术。金属和二氧化碳是火星重要的原位资源,部分金属可以在二氧化碳气氛中燃烧,使得金属/CO_2燃烧体系在火星上扮演地球上化石燃料/空气燃烧体系的角色成为可能。从拓展金属/CO_2燃烧技术在火星探测中应用的角度出发,梳理了火星二氧化碳收集方式、火星矿物分布和冶炼、金属/CO_2燃烧技术的主要应用方式(Mg/CO_2火箭发动机和Mg/CO_2金属燃烧器)的研究进展,并对今后的研究进行了展望。     

2.5维机织复合材料的纬向力学性能试验

通过室温(20℃)及高温(180℃)静态拉伸及拉 拉疲劳试验,获得了25维树脂基机织复合材料在不同温度下的力学性能及拉 拉疲劳寿命。基于宏观试验,探讨了材料在静载及拉 拉疲劳载荷作用下的破坏模式和失效机理,对比了材料在疲劳载荷作用后的剩余强度与静强度的关系,之后分析了温度对材料静态力学性能及疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明:在20~180℃温度范围内材料的纬向模量对温度不敏感,但纬向强度及疲劳寿命随温度的升高而显著下降。在高温高应力水平（高于80%静强度）下材料的纬向疲劳寿命非常短(小于104次循环),但当应力水平仅下降2%后,材料的纬向疲劳寿命趋于106次循环。另外,高温下材料的剩余强度大于高温静强度。      

芳Ⅲ编织绳动态拉伸性能研究

芳Ⅲ编织绳是常见的降落伞伞绳材料，在开伞过程中承受较大的冲击载荷，为研究其动态拉伸性能，文章以3.5-750芳Ⅲ编织绳为例，进行了动态拉伸试验及仿真模拟。首先使用万能强力机对3.5-750芳Ⅲ编织绳开展了4个不同应变率工况下的动态拉伸破坏试验，获得拉力-等效应变曲线，研究发现随拉伸应变率的增加，编织绳的断裂强力和弹性模量均增大，而断裂应变和韧性均减小。随后利用ABAQUS软件，建立了芳Ⅲ编织绳的纱线级有限元模型，依据试验结果对Johnson-Cook动态本构模型进行拟合及参数修正，并应用于编织绳动态拉伸破坏仿真，得到不同应变率下的仿真结果。与试验对比，研究表明，拟合、修正得到的Johnson-Cook动态本构模型可有效地模拟柔性编织绳动态拉伸行为，为柔性编织绳的动态力学性能研究提供了仿真手段。     

Comparison study of ductile iron produced with Martian regolith harvested iron from ionic liquids and Bosch byproduct carbon for in-situ resource utilization versus commercially available 65-45-12 ductile iron

As researchers continue to study methods to facilitate long-term missions beyond low-Earth orbit, the ability to manufacture high-quality mechanical and structural components on the Lunar and Martian surfaces remains a crucial piece to the puzzle for a sustained presence. Due to the immense cost of sending supplies to extraterrestrial bodies, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) methods are critical for the success and feasibility of these habitation missions. Ionic liquids (ILs) are currently being studied at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) to harvest elemental metals from meteorites and regolith minerals. Additionally, the Bosch process is being explored as a life support system at MSFC for oxygen (O₂) regeneration, rendering a byproduct of elemental carbon (C). In this investigation, the viability of casting ductile iron (DI) using IL-sourced iron (IL-Fe) and Bosch C was studied given the range of applications and performance of DI as an as-cast alloy. Ingots were produced using commercial elements to simulate the use of IL-Fe with C sourced from the byproduct C of the Bosch process. Samples were cast and compared to commercially available 65–45-12 DI with phase transformation diagrams, microstructures, and hardness. Results showed that IL-sourced elements are a viable source of elemental alloying materials for a range of DI alloys, with some limitations.     

C/SiC复合材料在典型模拟环境下高温拉伸性能研究

以先驱体浸渍裂解（PIP）工艺制备的C/SiC复合材料为对象，研究了C/SiC复合材料在典型模拟环境下的高温拉伸性能，首次获得了约3 000 s时间不同变状态条件下材料的高温拉伸性能数据，探讨了不同条件下C/SiC复合材料高温承载行为及其变化规律。研究结果表明，C/SiC复合材料经历约3 000 s复杂阶梯热环境后拉伸强度仍保持60%左右；经历大温度梯度热震后，C/SiC复合材料的高温拉伸性能保持率反而提高，最高保持率超过80%；热震温差越大，热震后保温时间越长，对材料的高温拉伸性能保持和提高越有利。     

Biaxial tensile behavior of Ti-6Al-4V under proportional loading

The biaxial tensile behavior of isotropic Ti-6Al-4 V is characterized in this paper. A novel cruciform specimen was designed and optimized to achieve uniform stress and strain distribution within the gauge area. Biaxial tensile tests were conducted at three different loading ratios by the biaxial testing machine. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was applied to determine strain distribution, and a high-speed camera was employed to record the fracture process. An Inverse Analysis (IA) approach with a combined experimental and numerical method was proposed to determine the true stresses at the gauge section of the specimen during biaxial tensile tests. The results indicate that the initial yield locus can be described by the Cazacu criterion accurately, whereas the Mises criterion can predict better the strengthening behavior of Ti-6Al-4 V in the first quadrant in the principal stress space.     

2099 和2196 铝锂合金挤压型材拉伸性能

对4 种不同截面2099-T83 和2196-T8511 铝锂合金挤压型材进行了单向拉伸试验研究,获得了 不同截面、侧壁和厚度型材的应力—应变关系曲线和力学性能。观察铝锂合金的断口形貌发现,各断口分布有 不规则的撕裂带和韧窝,2196-T8511 比2099-T83 铝锂合金断口中的韧窝小且浅,表明2099-T83 铝锂合金塑 性较好,与力学性能测试结果相吻合。     

激光熔化沉积15-5PH沉淀硬化不锈钢组织及拉伸性能

利用激光熔化沉积技术制备15-5PH沉淀硬化不锈钢板,利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、电子探针(EPMA)技术,对沉积态组织进行分析,测试沉积态组织的室温拉伸性能。结果表明:激光熔化沉积15-5PH不锈钢沉积态组织由沿沉积增高方向贯穿多层外延生长的柱状晶组成,柱状晶内包含多个细长整齐排列的胞状树枝晶,枝晶内为马氏体组织,枝晶间为铁素体;沉积态组织中弥散分布大量细小的NbC析出相,尺寸12～20 nm;15-5PH不锈钢沉积态组织具有良好的力学性能,纵向抗拉强度和延伸率分别为1 128.5 MPa和14.0%,横向抗拉强度和延伸率分别为1 101 MPa和12.25%。