Flow field design and experimental investigation of electrochemical machining on blisk

Flow field is a crucial factor to influence the stability and surface quality in the electrochemical machining (ECM) of blisks. A four-way flow mode was proposed to eliminate mixing regions of electrolyte at the leading and tailing edges. Two flow field models were described separately in this report: a W-shaped flow mode and a four-way flow mode. The flow field was analyzed through a finite element method. The results showed that, in comparison with the W-shaped flow mode, the distribution of electrolyte flow was more uniformed and the mixed region in the flow channel was improved. The pressure of the leading and tailing edges inlets was optimized, and optimal pressure of 0.6 MPa was determined. In addition, verification experiments were performed, and the results showed that the stability, efficiency, and quality of the profiles of the blisk blade manufactured by ECM were enhanced in the new flow mode.     

基于改进AHP方法的军械器材关键工序质量监控技术

针对军械器材生产过程中关键工序质量监控特点,分析影响关键工序质量水平的因素,建立了军械器材工序质量控制点层次结构模型,为克服传统层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Prccess,AHP)存在的标度缺陷问题,采用改进的AHP方法对军械器材关键工序质量监控点进行监控,提高了军械器材生产过程质量监控的科学性和合理性。     

空间应用高光束质量小型化被动调Q激光器

为了实现航天应用的特定需求，对空间激光器的激光单脉冲能量、脉冲宽度、光束质量等都有严格的技术指标要求。研究并设计了一种适用于空间的小型化高光束质量被动调Q激光器，实现了工程样机。样机输出激光脉冲宽度约为5 ns，峰值功率可达兆瓦，激光光束质量因子M²=1.01，单脉冲能量稳定性均方根(Root Mean Square， RMS)为1.53%。激光头体积为0.469 L，质量为0.52 kg，激光器样机实现了结构小型化。     

Optimization of flow field in electrochemical trepanning of integral cascades (Ti6Al4V)

Ti6Al4V is widely applied in the integral cascades of aero engines. As an effective machining method, electrochemical trepanning (ECTr) has unique advantages in processing surface parts made of hard-to-cut materials. In ECTr, the state of the flow field has a significant effect on processing stability and machining quality. To improve the uniformity of the flow field when ECTr is applied to Ti6Al4V, two different flow modes are designed, namely full-profile electrolyte supply (FPES) and edges electrolyte supply (EES). Different from the traditional forward flow mode, the flow directions of the electrolyte in the proposed modes are controlled by inlet channels. Simulations show that the flow field under EES is more uniform than that under FPES. To further enhance the uniformity of the flow field, the structure of EES is optimized by modifying the insulating sleeve. In the optimized configuration, the longitudinal distance between the center of the inlet hole and the center of the blade is 6.0 mm, the lateral distance between the centers of the inlet holes on both sides is 16.5 mm, the length to which the electrolyte enters the machining area is 1.5 mm, and the height of the insulating sleeve is 13.5 mm. A series of ECTr experiments are performed under the two flow modes. Compared with EES, the blade machined by FPES is less accurate and has poorer surface quality, with a surface roughness (R_a) of 3.346 μm. Under the optimized EES, the machining quality is effectively enhanced, with the surface quality improved from R_a = 2.621 μm to R_a = 1.815 μm, thus confirming the efficacy of the proposed methods.     

Grain erosion wear properties and grinding performance of porous aggregated cubic boron nitride abrasive wheels

Cubic boron nitride (cBN) superabrasive grinding wheels exhibit unique advantages in the grinding of difficult-to-cut materials with high strength and toughness, such as titanium alloys and superalloys. However, grinding with multilayered metallic cBN superabrasive wheels faces problems in terms of grain wear resistance, the chip storage capability of the working layers and the stability and controllability of the dressing process. Therefore, in this work, novel metallic cBN superabrasive wheels with aggregated cBN (AcBN) grains and open pore structures were fabricated to improve machining efficiency and surface quality. Prior to the grinding trials, the air-borne abrasive blasting process was conducted and the abrasive blasting parameters were optimized in view of wear properties of cBN grains and metallic matrix materials. Subsequently, the comparative experiments were performed and then the variations in grinding force and force ratio, grinding temperature, tool wear morphology and ground surface quality of the multilayered AcBN grinding wheels were investigated during machining Ti–6Al–4V alloys. In consideration of the variations of grain erosion wear volume and material removal rate per unit of pure metallic matrix materials as the abrasive blasting parameters changes, the optimal abrasive blasting parameters were identified as the SiC abrasive mesh size of 60# and the abrasive blasting distance and time of 60 mm and 15 s, respectively. The as-developed AcBN grains exhibited better fracture toughness and impact resistance than monocrystalline cBN (McBN) grains because of the existence of metal-bonded materials amongst multiple cBN particles that decreased crack propagation inside whole grains. The metallic porous AcBN wheels had lower grinding forces and temperature and better ground surface quality than vitrified McBN wheels due to the constant layer-by-layer exposure of cBN particles in the working layer of AcBN wheels.     

超声速飞行器综合热管理系统优化设计

针对飞行器超声速巡航时遭受机体外部气动加热与辐射换热的情况，提出了一套综合考虑燃油系统、冲压空气与消耗性冷却剂制冷系统及热防护系统的超声速飞行器综合热管理系统；针对典型的超声速飞行包线，基于二阶多项式响应面代理模型技术，以热防护层厚度、回油质量流量以及消耗性相变冷却剂质量流量为设计变量，以燃烧室进口燃油温度为约束条件，以变量引起的起飞重量增量及其燃油质量代偿损失最小为设计目标，采用自适应模拟退火算法对综合热管理系统进行了优化设计。结果表明：采用二阶多项式响应面代理模型计算的结果与仿真计算结果的误差低于2%；在本文选取的设计变量取值范围内，最优方案倾向于热防护层厚度和冷却剂质量流量取最小值而回油质量流量取中间值，且最优方案较第一组初始方案就目标函数而言减重约16%。     

基于机器视觉的搅拌摩擦焊缝装配质量评测方法

搅拌摩擦焊常采用无坡口焊缝,焊缝装配质量对搅拌摩擦焊装配质量影响较大,通过焊缝的特征,可以对搅拌摩擦焊缝的装配质量进行评判。线结构光是提取焊缝特征的常用手段,基于结构光传感器扫描获得的焊缝轮廓信息多通过离散的点进行表示,如何高效地从轮廓点中提取焊缝轮廓信息,是焊缝特征识别的新挑战。本文提出一种基于机器视觉的焊缝装配质量评测方法,将离散的轮廓点转换为位图,通过抗锯齿算法提高轮廓直线特征的识别可靠性,并计算对应焊缝的装配质量信息,进而实现对整条焊缝的装配质量的量化评价。与传统的离散点拟合方法相比,本方法具有较为明显的效率优势。     

CFRP/TC4叠层结构制孔技术对比实验

因CFRP、TC4材料的物理性能差异较大，导致CFRP/TC4叠层构件切削性能匹配性较差，钻削过程中存在界面损伤、CFRP孔壁损伤难以调控的问题。针对上述问题，本文采用变参数啄式钻削工艺、变参数钻削工艺和恒参数钻削工艺对CFRP/TC4叠层结构进行了制孔实验，并对不同工艺条件下的轴向力、界面质量、TC4的切屑形态、CFRP层孔壁质量进行了对比分析。结果表明：相对于其他两种钻削工艺，在变参数啄式钻削工艺条件下，TC4材料层轴向力明显较高，产生短带状和短螺旋状切屑；CFRP层出口和入口处的孔径更接近于名义孔径，孔壁缺陷较少，表面粗糙度相对较小。     

六西格玛在军用飞机发动机总装质量控制中的应用

国内某军用飞机主机厂C 发动机装机后存在间隙尺寸超差、装机一次合格率低的问题，为了解决该问题，引入六西格玛质量管理模式的DMAIC 方法对发动机装机流程进行研究。运用多元回归分析、机理分析等确定影响间隙尺寸的关键因子及其影响程度，采用线性拟合得出关键因子最优参数范围，并制定详细控制计划。通过对控制图进行分析，发现改善后的间隙尺寸处于工序稳定状态，发动机装机一次合格率由改善前的65.2% 提升至95%，表明基于六西格玛DMAIC 方法的质量控制对减小生产流程变异，提高生产效率有积极作用。     

动态跳波束策略中的自适应波束功率分配算法

摘要：多波束卫星发射机的成本很高，同时地面小区的通信需求和通信优先级一直处在动态变化中。通过研究一种动态波束跳跃策略，实现在卫星资源受限和较少发射机数量约束下的广域覆盖和按需服务。区别于传统的分簇波束跳变思想，为了提高卫星系统的频谱效率，考虑在整个频率带宽上应用全局波束跳变。因此考虑在共信道干扰背景下，提出一种新型服务质量指标来衡量波束跳变结果。在卫星资源有限的情况下，各波束提供的通信容量不能满足地面小区的业务请求，基于粒子群算法选择的波束跳动图案，提出了一种自适应波束功率分配算法。该算法通过优先级加权，最小化波束业务容量需求差值，进而提高服务质量水平。最后，通过仿真验证了所提算法的性能优越性。