超/亚声速混合层压力不匹配时流动特征

为了获得压力不匹配对超/亚声速混合层空间分布与增长、压力分布和相似性等特征的影响规律,开展试验和数值模拟研究。通过粒子图像测速技术PIV测量混合层空间分布,标准k-ω模型模拟稳态流场特征。超声速气流马赫数为1.32,亚声速气流马赫数为0.11,五组不同压比分别为0.82,0.95,1.11,1.22和1.47。研究结果表明：压力不匹配对混合层增长的影响较弱;当压比>1时,混合层沿流向呈现波纹分布,静压呈现高、低压交替分布;压比增加,混合层内无量纲速度分布不变,无量纲总压减小,而湍流强度增加。基于无粘假设的预测模型捕捉了波节的基本结构与分布。     

八面体桁架结构在内冷通道中的流动传热特性研究

为探究八面体桁架结构在航空发动机热端部件内冷通道中的可应用性,掌握八面体桁架结构的流动传热特性,本文采用理论推导和三维数值模拟的方法,对八面体桁架单体的有效导热系数以及八面体桁架阵列结构的流动结构和传热性能开展了研究。首先,针对八面体桁架单体结构,推导出了考虑节点效应的有效导热系数关系式,并通过与数值计算结果对比,验证了其有效性。其次,针对八面体桁架阵列结构,开展了整体结构的三维数值计算,分析了其内部通道的流动结构和温度分布,获得了不同结构的流动阻力和对流传热系数随雷诺数的变化规律。最后,考虑到结构的综合传热性能,本文针对不同孔隙率的八面体桁架阵列结构,进行了基于相同泵功率下努塞尔数的对比。根据计算结果,本文给出了获得最佳传热性能的无量纲直径范围0.07~0.08,相应的孔隙率变化范围 0.872~0.841。分析其原因,由于随着结构孔隙率的减小,即固体率的增加,对流传热强度不断提高,然而,当孔隙率减小到84.1%以下时,由于内通道中流动阻力骤然增大,导致传热效率降低。将八面体桁架结构应用于航空发动机热端部件内冷通道中,是同时出于高效冷却和力学性能的考虑,本文掌握八面体桁架阵列结构的流动传热特性,为其在实际工程中的应用提供了理论支撑。     

Turbulent boundary layer separation control using plasma actuator at Reynolds number 2000000

An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of symmetrical plasma actuators on turbulent boundary layer separation control at high Reynolds number. Compared with the traditional control method of plasma actuator, the whole test model was made of aluminum and acted as a covered electrode of the symmetrical plasma actuator. The experimental study of plasma actuators' effect on surrounding air, a canonical zero-pressure gradient turbulent boundary, was carried out using particle image velocimetry(PIV) and laser Doppler velocimetry(LDV) in the 0.75 m × 0.75 m low speed wind tunnel to reveal the symmetrical plasma actuator characterization in an external flow. A half model of wing-body configuration was experimentally investigated in the  3.2 m low speed wind tunnel with a six-component strain gauge balance and PIV. The results show that the turbulent boundary layer separation of wing can be obviously suppressed and the maximum lift coefficient is improved at high Reynolds number with the symmetrical plasma actuator. It turns out that the maximum lift coefficient increased by approximately 8.98% and the stall angle of attack was delayed by approximately 2° at Reynolds number2 ×10~6. The effective mechanism for the turbulent separation control by the symmetrical plasma actuators is to induce the vortex near the wing surface which could create the relatively largescale disturbance and promote momentum mixing between low speed flow and main flow regions.     

Experimental investigation of surface roughness effects on flow behavior and heat transfer characteristics for circular microchannels

This paper experimentally investigates the effect of surface roughness on flow and heat transfer characteristics in circular microchannels. All test pieces include 44 identical, parallel circu-lar microchannels with diameters of 0.4 mm and 10 mm in length. The surface roughness of the microchannels is Ra=0.86, 0.92, 1.02 lm, and the Reynolds number ranges from 150 to 2800. Results show that the surface roughness of the circular microchannels has remarkable effects on the performance of flow behavior and heat transfer. It is found that the Poiseuille and Nusselt num-bers are higher when the relative surface roughness is larger. For flow behavior, the friction factor increases consistently with the increasing Reynolds number, and it is larger than the constant the-oretical value for macrochannels. The Reynolds number for the transition from laminar to turbu-lent flow is about 1500, which is lower than the value for macrochannels. For the heat transfer property, Nusselt number also increases with increasing Reynolds number, and larger roughness contributes to higher Nusselt number.     

气候环境实验室内降雨系统试验及仿真研究

通过试验和仿真对大型航空气候环境实验室内降雨单元的降雨均匀性进行研究。搭建试验台,分别对单个喷嘴和降雨单元的降雨均匀性进行试验研究。根据试验结果,分析喷嘴型号、喷嘴布置形式对降雨强度均匀性的影响。利用Matlab编程对不同型号喷嘴的降雨强度均匀性进行仿真研究。结果表明,喷射角度为120°的喷嘴喷淋性能基本一致,实际降雨覆盖面积直径最大可达3 m;降雨单元上喷嘴间距为1m时可以获得较好的降雨强度均匀性。     

发射天线配置对混响室性能的影响研究

为了优化混响室的结构设计,采用基于矩量法的电磁仿真软件FEKO分别对不同发射天线配置时混响室内的电磁场进行了仿真计算,考察了发射天线的种类和位置对混响室场性能的影响,结果表明选择合适的发射天线并进行合理的位置设计能显著改善混响室内电场的性能。     

AFM诱导氧化加工Si纳米氧化线的一致性和连续性的研究

研究了在不同的偏置电压和扫描速度下加工的Si氧化线的一致性和均匀性,得到了加工高质量的Si氧化线的实验条件为:偏置电压8V,扫描速度1 μm/s。     

可调唇口改善大攻角下S弯进气道内部压力场的实验研究

实验研究了可调唇口对大攻角下Ｓ弯进气道内气流压力场的作用。在攻角从０°到８０°、唇口角从０°到５０°的实验条件下，分别测量了Ｓ弯进气道的４个壁面沿程静压以及管道出口截面静压。结果表明：如果没有可调唇口技术，随着攻角增大，Ｓ弯进气道内的压力会大大减小。可调唇口大大地提高了进气道压力，改善了进气道的预扩压性能