Ground experiments of Chang’e-5 lunar regolith penetrating radar

The Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) is an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) array-based Ground penetrating radar (GPR) onboard the lander of Chang’e-5 (CE-5) mission. The primary scientific objectives of the LRPR are to probe the thickness and structure of lunar regolith of the landing site, and support the drilling and sampling process. In order to evaluate the performance of the LRPR, a series of ground experiments are performed using the LRPR prototype mounted on a CE-5 lander model. The performance of the LRPR is evaluated by comparing the experimental data with the simulated data. Data processing and imaging method are verified, and the interferences from the lander and other aspects are analyzed. The results of the ground experiments and simulation demonstrate that the LRPR is able to meet the design requirement of 2-m detection depth. They also indicate that the upper and lower interfaces of the stratified structure in the lunar regolith can be well distinguished by the LRPR when the dielectric constant difference is greater than 0.3, and the imaging effect of the location under the dense antennas is better than that of other positions. However, the identification capability of the LRPR to the independent blocky objects is relatively poor mainly due to the clutters caused by the lander, the sparsity of the antenna elements compared to the size of the basalt block, the limited aperture of the antenna array, and the tail of the transmitted waveform.     

通信导航融合定位技术发展综述

详细分析了蓝牙、Wi-Fi、超宽带、移动通信网络等多种无线网络通信导航融合定位技术的发展现状,并阐述了其面临的挑战,提出了多网融合方法可以提升室内无缝高精度位置服务的可靠性。利用5G移动通信网络,与北斗/GNSS卫星导航系统结合,可以实现相互增强。最后,从天地一体定位导航与授时体系和仿生通信定位导航两方面介绍了通信导航融合定位技术的未来发展趋势。     

铜与铜镶嵌非晶体焊料点焊的研究

研究了铜与铜镶嵌非晶体焊料ＱＪＹ－５Ａ、ＱＪＹ－５Ｂ点焊,以及调整点焊温度场来降低焊接区铜的熔点,提高焊接区电能利用率的措施;叙述了铜与铜镶嵌ＱＪＹ－５Ａ、ＱＪＹ－５Ｂ焊料点焊焊核形成过程及特点。     

一种基于星载GPS的月球探测器导航算法

为验证GNSS旁瓣信号对中高轨航天器在轨飞行的导航支持能力,"嫦娥5号"飞行试验器搭载了GPS导航接收机。由于目前使用的星载导航解平稳性不够,为此,根据月球探测器不同飞行段落轨道动力学特性,建立了一种基于星载GPS数据的月球探测器实时导航算法。该算法充分考虑了月球探测器不同段落的动力学特性,基于UKF滤波设计,并引入了自适应策略,以降低滤波参数选取的难度。在分析星载GPS数据特点基础上,月地返回段实测数据的处理结果验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于YOLOv5的近岸SAR舰船目标检测方法

由于类似舰船的陆地目标的干扰和舰船的紧密排列,基于合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像的近岸舰船检测会出现较多漏检和误检,提出了一种基于YOLOv5网络的近岸舰船的检测方法。为提高近岸背景下的检测精度,使用了注意力机制模型和CSL的技术用于改进网络;分析了YOLOv5网络、注意力模型和CSL算法,基于YOLOv5进行了检测实验,引入注意力模型来改进网络;结合CSL算法,重构了YOLOv5旋转检测网络。通过调整训练参数和改进注意力,近岸目标检测网络的测试结果达到mAP 80%以上,证实了CSL+YOLOv5算法实现旋转检测的可行性。     

低空无人机交通管理概览与建议综述

大量无序飞行的低空无人机运行会对地面设施、公共安全、空中载人飞行器等带来危害。然而,目前民航空中交通管理不能适应未来数以百万架的无人机。为了应对该挑战,世界各国针对低空无人机空中交通管理开发了新框架。低空无人机空中交通管理属于近几年出来的新事物。藉此聚焦于低空无人机交通管理,从4个方面进行概览：低空无人机相关的空中交通基本概念及现状、低空无人机交通管理介绍、低空无人机交通管理的关键技术和低空无人机交通管理相关科学问题,以期望对无人机产业健康发展有一定的建议意义。     

1,5-二氨基四唑含能配合物的制备、表征及其催化性能研究

合成出2种以1,5-二氨基四唑(DAT)为配体,苦味酸根为外界,钴和铜为中心离子的含能配合物,并对其结构进行了表征.运用示差扫描热分析(DSC)方法,就目标化合物对高氯酸铵(AP)、奥克托金(HMX)和六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW)热分解的影响进行了研究.利用电荷耦合器件(CCD)燃速测定系统,研究了目标化合物对缩水...     

Gd2SiO5纳米粉体的并流化学共沉淀法合成

以Gd₂O₃和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原材料,采用并流化学共沉淀法合成Gd₂SiO₅粉体材料。研究Gd₂SiO₅前驱体的热响应特征、Gd₂SiO₅粉体的物相组成和微观形貌,并对Gd₂SiO₅粉体的合成机理进行初步探讨。结果表明:前驱体的低Gd/Si摩尔比和反应体系的高pH值会导致Gd₂SiO₅粉体生成Gd_9.33(SiO₄)₆O₂杂质相,相反则会导致生成Gd2O3杂质相。当Gd/Si摩尔比为20∶11、pH值为9~10、合成温度为1000~1300℃时,合成的粉体纯度较高,Gd₂SiO₅颗粒呈不规则形貌特征,平均粒度为100~200 nm。Gd₂SiO₅合成过程中,前驱体以一种—[Si—O—Gd]—网络结构存在,在煅烧过程中逐渐转化为Gd₂SiO₅晶体以及Gd_9.33(SiO₄)₆O₂和Gd₂O₃杂相。     

Alternative transfer to the Earth–Moon Lagrangian points L4 and L5 using lunar gravity assist

Lagrangian points L4 and L5 lie at 60° ahead of and behind the Moon in its orbit with respect to the Earth. Each one of them is a third point of an equilateral triangle with the base of the line defined by those two bodies. These Lagrangian points are stable for the Earth–Moon mass ratio. As so, these Lagrangian points represent remarkable positions to host astronomical observatories or space stations. However, this same distance characteristic may be a challenge for periodic servicing mission. This paper studies elliptic trajectories from an Earth circular parking orbit to reach the Moon’s sphere of influence and apply a swing-by maneuver in order to re-direct the path of a spacecraft to a vicinity of the Lagrangian points L4 and L5. Once the geocentric transfer orbit and the initial impulsive thrust have been determined, the goal is to establish the angle at which the geocentric trajectory crosses the lunar sphere of influence in such a way that when the spacecraft leaves the Moon’s gravitational field, its trajectory and velocity with respect to the Earth change in order to the spacecraft arrives at L4 and L5. In this work, the planar Circular Restricted Three Body Problem approximation is used and in order to avoid solving a two boundary problem, the patched-conic approximation is considered.     

面向绕月交会对接的同波束VLBI研究

针对"嫦娥5号"(CE-5)探测器间高精度相对测量需求,设计了我国深空干涉测量处理中心框架下的同波束VLBI处理算法,分析了X波段同波束VLBI相位解模糊条件和结果;通过引入群时延辅助的相位干涉技术,大幅抑制了干涉时延随机误差,为同波束VLBI中相位解模糊提供了先验条件;利用CE-5对接实测数据验证了本文工作的有效性,为CE-5任务同波束VLBI的实施奠定了基础。