新型高强铝锂合金热变形工艺及其变形后的组织性能

研究了锻造温度、锻造比等对新型高强铝锂合金成形质量的影响,总结了新型高强铝锂合金在不同锻造比下的组织性能变化规律.结果表明:锻造比为3～7时,合金热处理后径向抗拉强度均大于500 MPa,并且其径向抗拉强度明显高于轴向;并且随着锻造比的增大,晶粒尺寸也逐渐增大.     

MoSi2 涂层高温抗氧化性能和微观组织

采用真空阴极电弧沉积工艺在铌钨合金喷管内、外表面和铌钨合金试样表面沉积了Mo层,采用真空包渗工艺使Mo层硅化生成MoSi2涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜、能谱、XRD、金相显微镜对Mo层和MoSi2涂层表面和断面微观形貌、结构进行了分析。分析表明:MoSi2涂层的相结构由外向内大致可分为外层(MoSi2)、中间层(NbSi2)和过渡层(Nb5Si3)。高温抗氧化试验结果表明:MoSi2涂层在大气环境下1 800℃的静态抗氧化性能达到了30 h,室温至1 700℃循环热震1 376次。考核热试车情况:发动机在温度1 450℃累计工作了415s,在1 610℃工作了100 s,涂层状况完好。     

厚板射流冲击下淬火冷却的换热系数建模计算

建立一种多喷嘴同时喷射淬火冷却的数学模型,通过实测冷却曲线分析计算厚板驻点区与紊流区换热系数分布规律,基于ABAQUS模拟软件模拟验证模型。结果表明:驻点与紊流点处的换热系数随时间分布是不均匀的,在10～20 s内出现峰值,随后呈上下波动变化的规律;实测(或计算)试样心部与表面的冷却曲线与模拟的吻合较好,验证了多喷嘴同时喷射下的换热系数分布模型。     

钛合金叠形波纹管的设计和制造

用有限元分析软件对叠形波纹管进行了结构设计,采用扩散连接方法和应力松弛技术制备了TA15钛合金叠形波纹管结构件.对高温扩散焊接叠形波纹管扩散连接界面微观组织、母材的晶粒度、材料的性能损失、气密性、刚度进行了分析和测试.结果表明采用扩散连接技术制备的叠形波纹管焊接接头良好,满足气密性、强度、刚度和疲劳性能要求.     

Corrosion Properties of Light-weight and High-strength 2195 Al-Li Alloy

The intergranular corrosion and exfoliation corrosion of 2195 Al-Li alloy treated by multi-step heating-rate controlled aging (MSRC) are studied. The corrosion features of 2195 Al-Li alloys which are respectively treated by high-temperature nucleation MSRC (H-M) and low-temperature nucleation MSRC (L-M) are contrasted. And the corrosion mechanism of 2195 Al-Li alloy is also discussed from the viewpoint of microstructure (types, distribution, etc.) of the strengthening phase. The results show that 2195 Al-Li alloy after H-M is more susceptible to intergranular corrosion and exfoliation corrosion than that of alloy after L-M. The degree of intergranular corrosion increases with the increase of predeformation amount and the surface parallel to the rolling direction is more prone to exfoliation corrosion. The main reason of intergranular corrosion and exfoliation corrosion is the for-mation of corrosion galvanic couples among T1 phase, ?θ’ phase and grain boundary precipitate-free zones (PFZ).     

铝镁钪合金舱体内旋成形有限元分析

采用有限元法对带内环向加强筋铝镁钪合金筒形件旋压成形进行了数值模拟,分析了坯料应力应变分布状态和工艺参数对成形的影响.结果表明,轴截面坯料主要处于轴向伸长、径向压缩状态,内表面坯料处于轴向伸长状态;减薄率和进给比对成形影响显著,模拟分析减薄率不宜大于50％,进给比为0.5～2.0mm/r较佳.     

2524铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺

以2524-T3板材作为试验材料,研究了薄板的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺,优化了对接焊的工艺参数,获得了焊接工艺窗口及最优工艺参数.在最优工艺参数下生产的对接焊件具有良好的质量外观,焊件的变形量和焊缝减薄量极小;焊件的X射线检测结果表明焊件内部质量良好,没有在照片上发现缺陷;金相组织分析显示,焊缝横截面组织均匀致密;焊接接头静力拉伸性能测试结果表明焊缝抗拉强度的平均为397 MPa,为母材抗拉强度的90.4％.     

Microstructures and fatigue properties of electron beam welds with beam oscillation for heavy section TC4-DT alloy

With the development of the manufacturing technology, electron beam welding（EBW） is capable of producing titanium alloy large parts in aero fields. To increase the applications and improve the properties, EBW with beam oscillation was investigated on TC4-DT alloy with50 mm thickness. We detected the welding samples by X-ray NDT, observed the microstructures of the welds, and tested the fatigue properties of the joints. The results showed that EBW with beam oscillation improved the weld morphology as well as welding quality, and the microstructure homogeneity of the welds and HAZ along the weld penetration were also improved. The fatigue properties of the joints with beam oscillation were more excellent than those of conventional EBW, even equal to those of the base metal under high stresses. The influences of the processing and the microstructure on the properties with beam oscillation were discussed.     

热处理状态对LD10 铝合金化铣表面质量的影响

为了解决运载火箭结构中口盖零件化铣后表面质量较差的问题,对LD10 铝合金板材的化铣加

工进行了试验研究。采取同批次、相同变形量、不同热处理状态(淬火+人工时效、淬火+过时效)的零件在相同

的化铣工艺参数下进行试验,并对零件的化学成分、金相组织进行了分析。理论研究及试验结果表明:LD10 铝

合金的化铣表面质量与加工前热处理状态有关,退火状态及淬火+人工时效状态的零件化铣后表面质量较好,

在不影响力学性能的前提下,可采用过时效处理提高化铣表面质量。

     

微量Er对Al-Mg-Mn合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用半连续铸造法制备Al-6.8Mg-0.3Mn和Al-6.8Mg-0.3Mn-0.4Er(质量分数,%)两种合金铸锭。合金铸锭经均匀化处理—多道次热轧成4mm薄板;研究不同退火温度下微量Er对Al-Mg-Mn合金微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加微量Er能显著提高Al-Mg-Mn合金强度,改善合金强度和塑性的配合,能明显提高合金的抗再结晶能力和室温力学性能;Al-Mg-Mn-Er合金板材经300℃退火1h后可获得理想的综合力学性能,其σb、σs与ψ分别为421MPa,310MPa和18.3%。