气氦制冷系统透平膨胀机的研制

文章介绍了载人航天空间环境模拟器气氦制冷系统中氦气透平膨胀机的设计、制造、调试等过程,并说明了它具备的特点。     

Evaluation of early Archean volcaniclastic and volcanic flow rocks as possible sites for carbonaceous fossil microbes

Sedimentary rocks have traditionally been the focus of the search for Archean microfossils; the Earth's oldest fossil bacteria are associated with carbonaceous matter in sedimentary cherts in greenstone belts in the eastern Pilbara block of Western Australia and Barberton greenstone belt of South Africa. Reports of possible fossils in a martian meteorite composed of igneous rock and the discovery of modern bacteria associated with basalts have stimulated a new look at Archean volcanic rocks as possible sites for fossil microbes. This study examines silicified volcaniclastic rocks, near-surface altered volcanic flow rocks, and associated stromatolite- like structures from the Archean Barberton greenstone belt to evaluate their potential for the preservation of carbonaceous fossils. Detrital carbonaceous particles are widely admixed with current-deposited debris. Carbonaceous matter is also present in altered volcanic flow rocks as sparse particles in silica veins that appear to be fed by overlying carbonaceous chert layers. Neither microfossils nor mat-like material was identified in the altered volcanic rocks or adjacent stromatolite-like structures. Ancient volcanic flow and volcaniclastic rocks are not promising sites for carbonaceous fossil preservation.     

中国海洋一号卫星遥感图像GPS地理定位算法研究与实现

介绍了GPS数据在中国海洋一号卫星遥感图像地理定位中的应用,即利用中国海洋一号卫星下行数据中的GPS数据和轨道拟合技术,得到卫星轨道参数,从而对中国海洋一号卫星十波段水色扫描仪获取的遥感图像进行地理定位。该技术突破了遥感图像地理定位必须利用卫星轨道报的传统手段,为配备有GPS的新一代遥感卫星的用户提供一种简便有效、定位精度高的地理定位方法。该方法定位精度优于利用轨道报进行地理定位得到的结果。     

The physics,biology, and environmental ethics of making mars habitable

The considerable evidence that Mars once had a wetter, more clement, environment motivates the search for past or present life on that planet. This evidence also suggests the possibility of restoring habitable conditions on Mars. While the total amounts of the key molecules--carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen--needed for creating a biosphere on Mars are unknown, estimates suggest that there may be enough in the subsurface. Super greenhouse gases, in particular, perfluorocarbons, are currently the most effective and practical way to warm Mars and thicken its atmosphere so that liquid water is stable on the surface. This process could take approximately 100 years. If enough carbon dioxide is frozen in the South Polar Cap and absorbed in the regolith, the resulting thick and warm carbon dioxide atmosphere could support many types of microorganisms, plants, and invertebrates. If a planet-wide martian biosphere converted carbon dioxide into oxygen with an average efficiency equal to that for Earth's biosphere, it would take > 100,000 years to create Earth-like oxygen levels. Ethical issues associated with bringing life to Mars center on the possibility of indigenous martian life and the relative value of a planet with or without a global biosphere.     

对我国航天测控体制的期望

20 0 0年 ,在这不寻常的 2 0世纪末年 ,人们总会有些瞻前顾后 ,对未来有所遐想 ,对 2 1世纪的前期有所期望。纵观国际航天测控的进程 ,随着全球定位系统 ( GPS、Glonass)及跟踪与数据中继卫星系统 ( TDRSS)的实现与应用 ,国际航天测控网在 2 0世纪 80年代末就开始由地基测控网逐步向天基测控网过渡 ,以美国与俄罗斯为代表的航天测控网在 90年代已基本完成了这种过渡 ,欧洲与日本的航天测控网预计在 2 1世纪初亦将开始这种过渡。随着美国高级跟踪与数据中继卫星系统 ( ATDRSS)的部署与完善 ,美国的航天测控网将在 2 1世纪初走向更高级…     

用户星对中继卫星的跟踪规律研究

根据中继卫星系统中用户星跟踪中继卫星的要求，定义了用户星天线坐标系，推导出了用户星天线对中继卫星的跟踪规律。通过该跟踪规律可以推出用户星天线跟踪中继卫星的跟踪角度、角速度和角加速度。同时，在给定系统一定初始条件的情况下，利用该跟踪规律分别推出了用户星最大跟踪角度和角速度与用户星轨道高度和用户星轨道倾角之间的关系。最后利用STK(Satellite Tool Kit)对该跟踪规律进行了间接验证。     

用太阳辐射波检测调试卫星地面站天线

建立成套卫星地面站天线和馈源质量监测手段，对卫星地面站研制生产单位是很必要的。现型仪器设备的购置和微波暗室的建立要消耗高额资金，给若干单位造成了困难。利用太阳辐射波作源信号，再配备一套简易微波场强测量仪的检测、调试卫星地面站天馈系统组装质量方案，其实施、使用方便，可供有关单位借鉴和参考。     

靶场外测数据野值点的统计诊断技术

本文修正了野值点的数学描述性定义，建立了野值的分类模型，创立了多个野值点及野值斑点的“稳健－似然比”检验技术，并进行了仿真计算。     

导弹机动突防滑模制导律

为了得到一种用于导弹机动突防的制导律,我们在制导律设计中令视线角速率跟踪正弦有界震荡信号.在导弹机动突防过程中,导弹自动驾驶仪的惯性滞后会影响制导精度.我们利用递推李雅普诺夫设计方法推导出了一种考虑自动驾驶仪惯性的运动跟踪滑模制导律,它可以令视线角速率跟踪给定的指令信号.仿真结果表明,这种制导律可以令导弹机动突防成功的概率提高到89%,而且在自动驾驶仪滞后情况下的制导精度很高,脱靶量仅有0.3mm.     

固体发动机复合材料壳体密封隔热涂层研究和应用

研制了以室温硫化硅橡胶为基料并进行了改性的固体火箭发动机密封用隔热涂层。其性能满足工作压强４０－５０ＭＰａ，燃烧温度３０００－３５００℃，飞行过载６０００ｇ的工作条件下的某发动机要求，已得到成功应用。