航天器软件风险集成管理方法

为确保航天器软件产品功能、性能符合任务需求,安全、可靠地完成飞行任务,需要对其进行风险管理。文章首先介绍了软件风险管理理论研究现状;然后结合航天器软件强实时性、高可靠性和安全性、维护困难等问题,提出了基于系统集成思想的软件风险控制方法;最后以某航天器为例介绍了该套方法的应用成果。研究结果可为识别航天器软件风险,提高软件产品质量提供参考。     

降低PLC系统峰均比的低复杂度改进SLM算法

针对信道慢时变特性及噪声复杂的特点,提出了适用于低压电力线通信的降低峰均比的改进算法.改进算法对原始输入序列中的部分数据进行循环移位来获得一系列不同的新数据序列;在每个新数据序列尾部插入相应的边带信息组成一个输入候选序列;对这一系列不同的输入候选序列分别实施傅里叶反变换,得到不同的输出序列;从中选择峰均比最小的用于传输,达到降低系统峰均比的目的.结果表明:改进算法能够有效地降低系统的峰均比,并且能够获得更好的误码率性能,同时具有比传统选择性映射方法更低的计算复杂度.     

某型通航飞机失速警告失效故障分析

针对某型通航飞机地面测试中发现失速警告不工作的故障,分析该失速警告系统各组成部分的结构、原理、功能、走线,制定具体排故程序逐步判断查找出故障原因电子线路故障,并对故障原因进行了分析。     

Optimized Fuzzy Clustering Method for Health Monitoring of Shield Tunnels

Since health monitoring of shield tunnels generally employs multiple sensors belonging to different types,a fine analysis on massive monitoring data,as well as further quantitative health grading,is really challenging.An optimized fuzzy clustering analysis method based on the fuzzy equivalence relation is proposed for health monitoring of shield tunnels.Clustering results are auto-generated by using fuzzy similarity-valued map.The results follow the idea of unsupervised classification.Moreover,a convenient new health index HI is proposed for a fast tunnel-health grading.A case study on Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is presented to validate this method.Three types of indicators,namely soil pressure,pore water pressure and steel strain,are used to develop the clustering model.The clustering results are verified by analyzing the engineering geological conditions;the validity and the efficacy of the proposed method are also demonstrated.Further,the fuzzy clustering analysis also represents a potential for identifying abnormal monitoring data.This investigation indicates the fuzzy clustering analysis method is capable of characterizing the fuzziness of tunnel health,and beneficial to clarify the tunnel health evaluation uncertainties.     

基于中性层偏移的Z型材滚弯成形回弹预测

以提高大截面Z型材四轴滚弯成形精度为目的，通过综合考虑材料属性、几何特征和成形半径等因素对回弹的影响，建立了引入中性层偏移的大截面Z型材弯曲回弹解析模型，研究了7075-O和7475-O铝合金Z型材在不同滚弯成形半径下的回弹规律，并进行滚弯成形实验验证。结果表明，与忽略中性层偏移影响的型材回弹预测经验模型相比，基于中性层偏移的回弹预测模型能够准确预测大截面Z型材的回弹量，在相同的曲率半径下，预测回弹变形的最大相对误差从11.681%减小到3.347%。     

先进复合材料中温固化树脂基体的研究

利用一种新型的液体单核芳香胺类固化剂二甲硫基甲苯二胺(DADMT)与4,4,-二胺基二苯甲烷(DDM)共混作为固化剂研制了一种中温固化胶粘剂,并对两种固化剂的加入比例及体系的反应性、使用期,粘度以及浇铸体的性能和固化机理等进行了初步研究.研究发现,两种固化剂共混比例在1∶1(摩尔比)时温度在40℃左右即可熔融,而且固化产物的性能相对也较高.     

Using natural features for vision based navigation of an indoor-VTOL MAV

The use of natural features for vision based navigation of an indoor Vertical-Take-Off-and-Landing (VTOL) Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) named Air-Quad is presented. Air-Quad is a small four-rotor helicopter developed at the ITE.Such a helicopter needs reliable attitude information. The measurements of the used MEMS gyroscopes and accelerometers are corrupted by strong noise. To be useful, the MEMS sensors have to be part of an integrated navigation system with aiding through complementary sensors like GPS or the computer vision module presented here.In the computer vision module, feature points are detected and tracked through the image sequence. The relative rotation and translation of the camera are estimated using the two-dimensional motion of the feature points.The three-dimensional points in the scene are modeled with the image coordinates of their first sighting and their inverse depths. Only these inverse depths are estimated for the feature points. An efficient sparse bundle adjustment algorithm is used to improve the estimation of the scene structure and the navigation solution.It is shown that the use of the computer vision module greatly improves the navigation solution compared to a solution based only on MEMS sensors.     

角振动校准装置研究

为提升对惯性器件的动态性能评价能力,通过对被校传感器施加标准正弦角振动激励,精确测量角振动过程,实现了对角振动传感器的校准。基于不同频段的特点,将校准频段划分为低频和高频2部分,并提出空气轴承与无刷直流力矩电机相结合的低频角振动台方案,以及轻质空心杯精密空气轴承与框式电磁驱动结构相结合的高频角振动台方案;分别采用精密角度编码器和衍射光栅激光干涉仪实现对低频和高频角振动的测量,成功研制出频率范围为0.25~550Hz、角加速度范围为0.1~1 760rad/s2以及角速度波形失真小于2%的角振动绝对法校准装置。与德国国家物理技术研究院的角振动校准装置相比,该装置能够显著提升承载能力,可广泛用于惯性器件动态性能的测试与评价。     

基于PLIF技术的航空煤油横向射流穿透深度研究

为了研究动量比、韦伯数对射流穿透深度的影响,利用激光诱导荧光(PLIF)技术对航空煤油的穿透特性进行了试验。液态航空煤油通过直径为0.5mm的直射式喷嘴喷射入横向气流,Nd:YAG激光器产生266nm激光用于激发煤油诱导荧光。试验空气压力范围为0.3~0.6MPa,温度358K,动量比范围为10~40,韦伯数范围为170~340。试验结果表明:不同压力下,穿透深度随动量比增加而增加;在本文的工况范围下,韦伯数对射流穿透深度无显著影响。通过对试验数据的分析处理,获得了射流穿透深度关于动量比、韦伯数和轴向距离的经验关系式。     

捷联式移动平台重力仪地面测试结果

自主研制移动平台重力仪对我国矿产资源勘探及测绘等领域具有重要意义。研制了一种基于激光捷联惯导的移动平台重力仪,根据移动平台重力测量应用需求及激光捷联惯导系统特点,采用高精度石英挠性加速度计作为重力测量传感器,安装于系统垂向通道,既可作为导航用垂向加速度计,又用于实现标量重力测量。介绍了工程样机系统的组成。利用重力场随高度升高衰减的原理,以相邻楼层间的重力测量差值评价了系统的静态精度;通过地面跑车试验,获得了系统动态测量内符合精度。