Fostering research aptitude among high school students through space weather competition

Cultivating research culture at an early stage is important for capacity building in a community. The high school level is the appropriate stage for research to be introduced because of students’ competitive nature. Participation in the space weather competition is one of the ways in which research aptitude can be fostered in high school students in Malaysia. Accordingly, this paper presents how research elements were introduced to the students at the high school level through their participation in the space weather competition. The competition required the students to build a system to detect the presence of solar flares by utilizing VLF signals reflected from the ionosphere. The space weather competition started off with proposal writing for the space weather related project where the students were required to execute extensive literature review on the given topic. Additionally, the students were also required to conduct the experiments and analyse the data. Results obtained from data analysis were then validated by the students through various other observations that they had to carry out. At the end of the competition, students were expected to write a comprehensive technical report. Through this competition, the students learnt how to conduct research in accordance to the guidelines provided through the step by step approach exposed to them. Ultimately, this project revealed that the students were able to conduct research on their own with minimal guidance and that participation in the competition not only generated enjoyment in learning but also their interest in science and research.     

基于双吸叶轮两侧非均衡进气研究轮盘凸台尺寸影响

为明确双吸叶轮两侧叶轮之间的径向轮盘凸台尺寸变化对其总体性能及内部流场的影响,探索不同尺寸轮盘结构叶轮的流动损失机理,基于双吸叶轮两侧非均衡进气条件,采用数值方法对五种径向轮盘尺寸双吸叶轮的三维粘性流场进行了模拟研究。研究结果表明:从双吸叶轮最优性能及最高流动稳定性观点出发,均要求两侧叶轮之间的径向轮盘凸台超出叶片尾缘一定范围;具体超出尺寸范围则需要通过对双吸叶轮的压比、效率性能目标进行折衷确定。径向轮盘凸台尺寸的改变明显影响双吸叶轮两侧叶轮的流量分配,进而影响扩压器内分离流动损失大小及双吸叶轮的整体性能。另外,相比于较大径向轮盘凸台,无径向轮盘凸台结构更容易造成双吸叶轮两侧叶轮流量差距悬殊。      

载人航天器与伴随卫星间射频系统电磁兼容性分析方法

对载人航天器与伴随卫星间射频设备的电磁干扰问题进行了研究，根据射频系统的收发参数建立了电磁干扰安全裕度模型，分析了伴随卫星发射天线对载人航天器接收天线的等效干扰。从保证载人航天器与伴随卫星在轨电磁兼容的角度，得到了航天器间能够兼容工作的最小相对距离计算方法。研究结果表明，所提出的分析方法能够对伴飞任务航天器间的电磁干扰风险进行预测，可为飞行任务的顺利完成提供技术支持。     

The STARK-B database as a resource for “STARK” widths and shifts data: State of advancement and program of development

“Stark” broadening theories and calculations have been extensively developed for about 50 years and can now be applied to many needs, especially for accurate spectroscopic diagnostics and modeling. This requires the knowledge of numerous collisional line profiles. Nowadays, the access to such data via an online database becomes essential. STARK-B is a collaborative project between the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade and the Laboratoire d’Étude du Rayonnement et de la matière en Astrophysique (LERMA). It is a database of calculated widths and shifts of isolated lines of atoms and ions due to electron and ion collisions (impacts). It is devoted to modeling and spectroscopic diagnostics of stellar atmospheres and envelopes, laboratory plasmas, laser equipments and technological plasmas. Hence, the domain of temperatures and densities covered by the tables is wide and depends on the ionization degree of the considered ion. STARK-B has been fully opened since September 2008 and is in free access.     

试验参数对高强钢疲劳小裂纹门槛值测试的影响

针对 9310钢研究了试验参数对疲劳小裂纹门槛值测试结果的影响。结果表明 ,对于 9310高强钢采用恒Kmax 升Kmin方法进行小裂纹门槛值试验时 ,规范化的应力强度因子梯度CK 和Δα值的选取对门槛值的影响很小。当Kmax在线弹性范围内选取时 ,由于裂尖过程区的断裂机制未发生变化 ,Kmax的选取对门槛值测试结果也基本没有影响     

摆动喷管轴向激励对燃烧室压力振荡影响的数值研究

固体火箭发动机工作时,摆动喷管受到伺服力和气动力等载荷的共同作用,在轴向上会产生小幅度的振动,振动频率与燃烧室内腔轴向声频耦合时会造成压力振荡幅值增大,诱发不稳定燃烧,导致燃烧室内压力、燃速不均等情况的出现.应用数值方法研究了摆动喷管轴向激励对燃烧室压力振荡的影响,分析了压力振荡对喷管轴向激励幅值和频率的响应规律,以及...     

Towards a Global Unified Model of Europa’s Tenuous Atmosphere

Despite the numerous modeling efforts of the past, our knowledge on the radiation-induced physical and chemical processes in Europa’s tenuous atmosphere and on the exchange of material between the moon’s surface and Jupiter’s magnetosphere remains limited. In lack of an adequate number of in situ observations, the existence of a wide variety of models based on different scenarios and considerations has resulted in a fragmentary understanding of the interactions of the magnetospheric ion population with both the moon’s icy surface and neutral gas envelope. Models show large discrepancy in the source and loss rates of the different constituents as well as in the determination of the spatial distribution of the atmosphere and its variation with time. The existence of several models based on very different approaches highlights the need of a detailed comparison among them with the final goal of developing a unified model of Europa’s tenuous atmosphere. The availability to the science community of such a model could be of particular interest in view of the planning of the future mission observations (e.g., ESA’s JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) mission, and NASA’s Europa Clipper mission). We review the existing models of Europa’s tenuous atmosphere and discuss each of their derived characteristics of the neutral environment. We also discuss discrepancies among different models and the assumptions of the plasma environment in the vicinity of Europa. A summary of the existing observations of both the neutral and the plasma environments at Europa is also presented. The characteristics of a global unified model of the tenuous atmosphere are, then, discussed. Finally, we identify needed future experimental work in laboratories and propose some suitable observation strategies for upcoming missions.