GNSS Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) using inter-satellite measurements

Integrity is the ability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to detect faults in measurements and provide timely warnings to users and operators when the navigation system cannot meet the defined performance standards, which is of great importance for safety of life critical applications. Compared with both Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and ground based GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) methods which are widely adopted nowadays, the Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) method can be used to monitor orbit/ephemeris and clock errors, and has advantages in monitoring orbit and clock quality and providing instantaneous responses when faults happen.     

轮胎和缓冲支柱压力对摆振特性的影响

阐述了摆振分析的基本思路,分析了轮胎和缓冲支柱压力对摆振特性的影响,并结合某起落架计算比较了不同轮胎及缓冲支柱压力下的摆振特性。研究表明:当两者压力降低时,摆振临界阻尼均减小,有利于防摆;反之,摆振临界阻尼均增大,不利于防摆;但在两者压力变化的百分比相同的情况下,轮胎压力变化比缓冲支柱压力变化对摆振特性的影响更明显。     

PWM变频器供电的感应电机传热特性

为了探究电动机在脉宽调(Pulse width modulation，PWM)变频器供电下的传热特性，近一步揭示变频参数（调制比）对电动机温升分 布的影响特征,以一台采用PWM变频器供电下55 kW驱动用感应电机为例，基于流体力学及传热学基本原理，结合电机通风结构特征，建立外部包裹有空气域的三维流热耦合求解域模型，并采用有限体积元法对电机内的温度场进行了数值研究。此外，针对PWM不同调制比控制条件下电动机全域内的传热特性进行了对比分析，结果表明：两个不同调制比控制条件下电机求解域 内各主要部件温升分布趋势大致相同；径向上，转子部分温升较高，在气隙位置温升出现阶跃式变化，定子部分温升较低；轴向上，电机各部分近风端温升较低，远风端温升较高；周向上，定子轭部温升呈波浪式变化。     

火星大气来流模拟装置CFD仿真与试验

根据我国火星着陆巡视器工作过程,其着陆发动机需要在相对火星大气高速迎风运动中可靠点火。由于巡视器着陆时发动机喷管出口气流与火星稀薄气流方向相反,目前无法通过理论计算准确获得着陆过程的动态流场对发动机起动过程的影响量值。为验证火星着陆环境下发动机点火的适应性,需要建立发动机的火星大气来流试验环境模拟条件。为模拟发动机在火星大气条件下的相对运动,在真空舱内发动机保持固定,前端设置环形来流形成装置,该装置在发动机喷管周围形成一定速度的逆向来流包络。采用数值模拟技术结合试验验证方法,在火星着陆器巡视器主发动机性能考核试验中,针对来流的形成装置开展了设计研究工作。来流模拟试验测试数据表明:在确保贮箱供应压力稳定的条件下,来流模拟系统能够形成100~200 m/s速度的稳定来流,发动机在来流下能稳定启动工作,真空舱压力满足试验要求。     

基于CFD技术的飞机风挡加温系统热载荷计算

热载荷计算是飞机风挡加温系统设计的基础。选取不同的飞行条件和结冰气象,基于CFD技术,通过外流场和水滴撞击特性计算得到了风挡外表面的压力分布、热流密度、对流换热系数以及局部水收集系数,最终确定了风挡防冰和防雾热载荷,并对仿真结果进行了瞬态校核。经验证表明,本文使用的计算方法合理,可以应用于工程设计。     

Early effects of low dose C ion or X-ray irradiation on human peripheral blood lymphocytes

The aim of this study was to estimate the acute effects of low dose ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation on human immune function. The human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) of seven healthy donors were exposed to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation and cell responses were measured at 24 h after exposure. The cytotoxic activities of HPBL were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT); the percentages of T and NK cells subsets were detected by flow cytometry; mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ were examined by real time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR); and these cytokines protein levels in supernatant of cultured cells were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results showed that the cytotoxic activity of HPBL, mRNA expression of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α in HPBL and their protein levels in supernatant were significantly increased at 24 h after exposure to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions radiation and the effects were stronger than observed for X-ray exposure. However, there was no significant change in the percentage of T and NK cells subsets of HPBL. These results suggested that 0.05 Gy high linear energy transfer (LET) ¹²C⁶⁺ radiation was a more effective approach to host immune enhancement than that of low LET X-ray. We conclude that cytokines production might be used as sensitive indicators of acute response to LDI.     

提高飞行器升力的若干方法研究

本研究用数值模拟方法研究了四种增升方法。数据模拟的出发方程是可压流的Ｎ－Ｓ方程，格式为Ｂｅａｍ－Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ格式的改进型。通过上述方法分别研究了：（１）动界效应对提高升力的作用；（２）涡的有利干扰对主升力面的影响；（３）吸气的驻涡增效应；（４）升力面下表面向下喷气的增升作用。研究结果表明，采用上述四种方法可有效地提高飞行器的升力，对改善飞行器的性能有着十分重要的意义。     

运用GPS空中校正飞机无线电罗差误差分析

针对某些特种飞机无线电罗差无法沿用传统校正方法在地面进行校正的状况 ,首次提出了运用 GPS接收机在空中校正飞机无线电罗差的方法。本文对影响该校正方法校正精度的各项误差因素进行了分析。     

重量的一种遥测式监测系统

本文提出一种重量信号的无线传输和测量方法。重量信号经传感顺转换成电信号，再经Ｖ／Ｆ变换后调频发射，接收信号解调后单片机处理。单片机的信号处理采用电子计数器测频方法，经过计算送显示单元，实现重量信号的遥测。     

锅炉分层给煤装置的机理及效果分析

影响锅炉热效率的因素有多种，其中最主要的有两点：一是煤的燃烧状况，一是炉膛的换热环境。本文从煤层结构对燃烧状况的影响这个角度分析了分层给煤装置的优点和不足，并提出了几点改进方法。