面向空间近距离操作的机械臂与服务卫星协同控制

针对航天器在轨服务任务中涉及的空间近距离操作需求，提出一种机械臂与服务卫星协同控制方法。首先建立了机械臂和服务卫星组合体动力学模型以及服务卫星和目标卫星相对位姿耦合动力学模型。然后采用全局终端滑模控制设计了机械臂轨迹跟踪控制方法，采用PD控制设计了服务卫星相对位姿耦合控制方法，并将机械臂反作用力和力矩作为前馈补偿叠加到服务卫星控制系统中，实现了两者的协同控制。最后通过数值仿真验证了控制方法的有效性。仿真结果表明，该方法能够满足空间近距离操作任务对机械臂和服务卫星的控制精度、稳定性和误差收敛时间的要求，具有工程实用性。     

空间堆核动力技术选择研究

目前,基于太阳能、化学能的空间电源与空间推进技术,其技术能力的发展已接近极限状态,未来亟需开发基于核能的先进空间动力技术。针对低成本空间轨道运输、高功率载荷航天器、深空探测器、行星表面探测与开发等应用场景,以空间堆核电源为重点,分析了国际发展现状和未来航天需求,分别针对大功率(100 kWe～1 MWe)和小功率(1 kWe～10 kWe)应用需求,提出了技术主导方案,围绕主导技术方案梳理了关键技术,为我国空间堆核动力技术发展规划和预先研究提供参考。     

三点差分GPS定向方位引入方法研究

提出了一种三点差分GPS定向方位引入方法，实现了方位角的引入。阐述了该方法的原理和应用设备，进行了误差分析，并通过比对试验，验证了方法的正确性和可行性。     

舱体入水工况参数对冲击特性的影响分析

为分析大型舱体返回入水时入水垂直速度等工况参数对其冲击特性的影响,提出一种基于任意拉格朗日欧拉法的舱体入水过程模拟方法,应用球底结构入水问题理论计算方法验证该模拟方法的有效性。通过对不同入水工况的有限元模拟,分析入水垂直速度和入水角度对冲击特性的影响。结果表明本文建立的舱体-流体有限元模型能够有效模拟舱体入水过程,舱体冲击加速度峰值与入水垂直速度成正比,舱体以一定角度入水能够降低入水过程的冲击加速度。研究结果可以为新型舱体的结构设计和入水冲击试验提供指导,从而减少试验次数,缩短开发周期。     

子空间跟踪算法在热模态问题中的应用研究

总结子空间跟踪算法识别模态参数的一般步骤。对一个有理论参考解的时变两自由度系统进行仿真,利用添加不同量级噪声的响应数据对系统进行辨识。辨识结果表明:基于新信息准则的子空间跟踪算法拥有较好的抗噪能力。对飞行器舵面结构进行受控快速加热,辨识快速升温过程中的模态参数。辨识结果表明:子空间跟踪算法可用于热模态辨识,有一定的工程应用价值。     

跟踪微分器在变流量燃气发生器上的应用研究

变流量固冲发动机(VFDR)工作时,常采用PID控制器控制燃气发生器内燃气压强。对于阶跃或方波形式的压力指令,往往由于误差信号的突变使执行机构瞬时输出的控制力过大,产生较大的燃气压强超调与燃气流量负调,严重影响了控制系统的性能。为解决上述问题,在常规的PID控制器基础上,引入跟踪微分器(TD)给压力指令信号合理地安排一个快速无超调的过渡过程并提取微分信号。然后令燃气压强跟踪这个安排的过渡过程,使压强达到期望值。通过对变流量燃气发生器的非线性模型进行仿真试验,结果表明:相比于PID控制器,无论压力指令在高或低压强范围内,所提出的控制器均具有更高的稳态精度和快速性,压强的超调量不超过3.7%,响应时间在1s以内。此外,该控制器在抑制燃气流量的负调量上展现了巨大的优势,可将最大负调量减小2.7～3.25倍,显著地提升了VFDR的性能。     

状态方程对煤油液滴高压蒸发计算的影响

分别基于RK、SRK和PR等不同真实流体状态方程(EoS)建立了包含亚临界和超临界两种不同机制的瞬态液滴高压蒸发模型。针对我国新一代高压补燃液氧/煤油发动机，对煤油液滴在高压N 2 环境下的蒸发过程进行数值研究，重点分析了不同状态方程对N 2 -C 12 H 26 二元系统高压气液相平衡，及进一步对煤油液滴高压蒸发计算的影响。结果表明：对液滴蒸发速率影响最大的参数是液滴表面蒸气质量分数，而对该参数影响最大的则是所选取的状态方程。基于SRK和PR EoSs的高压气液相平衡及液滴高压蒸发计算结果均与试验数据符合较好，可正确描述液滴高压蒸发特性；而基于RK EoS的相平衡计算结果显著高估液滴表面蒸气质量分数和环境气体溶解度，并低估临界混合温度和偏摩尔相变热，进而在亚临界蒸发状态下高估蒸发速率，在超临界蒸发状态下低估蒸发速率。另外，基于RK EoS的计算中液滴发生跨临界转变所需的环境温度显著低于基于SRK和PR EoSs的。     

仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求分析

北斗卫星导航系统（简称北斗）在民用航空器中安装应用的前提是明确和符合北斗机载设备的适航要求。但由于全球定位系统（GPS）与北斗在星座结构、信号体制及功能上的不同，导致目前国际上全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）相关适航标准不适用于北斗设备。标准的缺失严重制约北斗民航产业发展，急需进行自主研究与制定。针对北斗在民用航空器中应用第一阶段的功能及场景，即仅用作航空器追踪，分析当前可参考标准的适用性，明确适航要求的制订策略及框架，综合考虑适航安全性、民航对北斗机载设备的紧迫需求，未来机载设备的发展方向，以及当前工业水平，提出一套仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求，形成审定要素及评审要求，可支持工业方对适航标准的理解。     

Online condition diagnosis for a two-stage gearbox machinery of an aerospace utilization system using an ensemble multi-fault features indexing approach

China manned space station is designed to operate for over ten years. Long-term and sustainable research on space science and technology will be conducted during its operation. The application payloads must meet the ‘‘long life and high reliability" mission requirement. Gearbox machinery is one of the essential devices in an aerospace utilization system, failure of which may lead to downtime loss even during some disastrous catastrophes. A fault diagnosis of gearbox has attracted attentions for its significance in preventing catastrophic accidents and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. A novel fault diagnosis method based on the Ensemble Multi-Fault Features Indexing(EMFFI) approach is proposed for the condition monitoring of gearboxes. Different from traditional methods of signal analysis in the one-dimensional space, this study employs a supervised learning method to determine the faults of a gearbox in a two-dimensional space using the classification model established by training the features extracted automatically from diagnostic vibration signals captured. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signals are transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology,which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, Speeded-Up Robustness Feature(SURF) is applied to automatically extract the image feature points of the bi-spectrum contour map using a multi-fault features indexing theory, and the feature dimension is reduced by Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). Finally, Random Forest(RF) is introduced to identify the fault types of the gearbox. The test results verify that the proposed method based on the multi-fault features indexing approach achieves the target of high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a highly effective technique to discover faults in a gearbox machinery such as a two-stage one.     

Study of thermo-fluidic characteristics for geometric-anisotropy Kagome truss-cored lattice

The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison of the thermal insulation and heat transfer performance for Kagome truss-cored lattice along two perpendicular orientations OA and OB. Three test conditions are conducted under forced air convection for the titanium sandwich panel fabricated by 3 D printing technology. The thermo-fluidic characteristics are further explored by numerical simulation to reveal the underlying mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement.The results indicate that the orientation OB exhibits better thermal insulation than orientation OA under the identical temperature loading, while the latter outperforms the former by up to 20% higher overall heat transfer performance. In particular, the endwalls and lattice core in orientation OA achieve 9.7% and 22.5% higher area-averaged Nusselt number respectively than that in orientation OB for a given Reynolds number. The heat transfer superiority of orientation OA comes from the unique topology which induces the large scale spiral primary flows, facilitating the heat exchange between the cooling air and the surfaces of sandwich panel. However, the complex flow mixing leads to a maximum of 20% higher friction factor in orientation OA than that in orientation OB.