仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求分析

北斗卫星导航系统（简称北斗）在民用航空器中安装应用的前提是明确和符合北斗机载设备的适航要求。但由于全球定位系统（GPS）与北斗在星座结构、信号体制及功能上的不同，导致目前国际上全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）相关适航标准不适用于北斗设备。标准的缺失严重制约北斗民航产业发展，急需进行自主研究与制定。针对北斗在民用航空器中应用第一阶段的功能及场景，即仅用作航空器追踪，分析当前可参考标准的适用性，明确适航要求的制订策略及框架，综合考虑适航安全性、民航对北斗机载设备的紧迫需求，未来机载设备的发展方向，以及当前工业水平，提出一套仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求，形成审定要素及评审要求，可支持工业方对适航标准的理解。

Analysis of airworthiness requirements of BDS airborne equipment for aircraft tracking only

Establishment of the airworthiness requirements on BeiDou Naigation Satellite System(BDS) airborne equipment is the premise of the BDS application in civil aviation areas. However, the current international GNSS-related airworthiness standards are not applicable to BDS airborne equipment due to the differences in constellation structure, signals and functions between GPS and BDS. The development of BDS-Civil Aviation Industry is seriously restricted by the lack of standards, and urgently needs independent research and formulation. Aiming at the functions and scenarios of the first stage of BDS applications in civil aviation, i.e. using it only for aircraft tracking, this paper analyses the applicability of current reference standards, defines the formulation strategy and framework of airworthiness requirements, and proposes a set of airworthiness requirements for BDS airborne equipment only for aircraft tracking by the comprehensive consideration of the airworthiness safety, the urgent need for BDS airborne equipment in civil aviation, the development direction of future airborne equipment, and the current industrial level. This study also forms certification elements and review requirements, which can support the industry's understanding of airworthiness standards.