二维复值Ginzburg-Landau方程的一个高阶紧致ADI差分格式

对二维复值金兹堡朗道(Ginzburg-Landau,GL)方程提出一个基于时间分裂的高阶紧致交替方向隐式有限差分格式。本文通过时间分裂法将GL方程分裂成一个非线性子问题及两个线性子问题,对非线性子问题以及其中一个线性子问题均通过精确积分进行计算,并对另一线性子问题构造紧致交替方向隐式差分格式进行数值计算。实际计算中,在每一时间步,利用追赶法求解一族常系数三对角线性代数方程组,从而使得算法既具有较高精度又拥有较快的计算速度。数值实验表明该算法在时间和空间方向分别具有二阶和四阶精度,并模拟了方程的一些动力学行为。     

模块化核动力航天器设计及其关键技术

为提高核动力航天器关键技术的可继承性与可扩展性,缩短核动力航天器研发周期,降低研发成本,本文通过总结国外核动力航天器发展现状,梳理核动力航天器研制特点,结合模块化航天器概念及设计原则,首次提出模块化核动力航天器概念。将核动力航天器分为核电源模块、平台中心模块、载荷模块3大独立模块,并针对体系架构设计提出3层建设方案,针对模块化核动力航天器梳理关键技术难点,为后续项目研究提供应用参考。     

过冷水滴凝固机理及凝固组织特征

针对飞机过冷水滴结冰的精细化预测需求，基于相变热力学与相变动力学相关理论，采用示差扫描量热法（DSC）、结冰风洞试验及微结构测试相结合的方法，研究了过冷水滴凝固过程的热力学机理及凝固组织特征。基于示差扫描量热法，研究了冷却速率及形核条件对结晶凝固特性的影响规律；基于结冰风洞试验开展了不同温度条件下冰相的宏观形貌及微结构特征研究。结果表明，过冷条件及冷却速率是影响过冷水滴结晶速率及结晶完善程度的重要因素。降温速率越大，结晶速率常数增大、结晶速率相应提高。同时，结晶峰变宽，结晶初始温度向低温方向移动，过冷效应相对显著；反之亦然。过冷度及冷却速率对冰相的宏观及微观形貌均有着重要影响。过冷度越大则相同时间内冷却速率越大，晶体生长过程越不充分，晶体不规则程度相对较高，同时晶粒密度变大、尺度变小，冰相表观透明度相对降低；反之，过冷度越小，则晶粒密度变小、尺度变大，冰相表观透明度相对较高。异相形核条件对加速结晶过程有重要促进作用，晶种的存在可有效加速二次结晶的触发，使过冷效应显著减弱。相关研究可为飞机结冰速率、冰相物理特征及冰形宏观形貌的精细化预测提供参考。     

Rotation Control of a 3-DOF Parallel Mechanism Driven by Pneumatic Muscle Actuators

The pneumatic muscle actuator(PMA) has many advantages,such as good flexibility,high power/weight ratio,but its nonlinearity makes it difficult to build a static mathematical model with high precision. A new method is proposed to establish the model of PMA. The concept of hybrid elastic modulus which is related to the static characteristic of PMA is put forward,and the energy conservation law is used to achieve the expression of the hybrid elastic modulus,which can be fitted out based on experimental data,and the model of PMA can be derived from this expression. At the same time,a 3-DOF parallel mechanism(a new bionic shoulder joint)driven by five PMAs is designed. This bionic shoulder joint adopts the structure of two antagonistic PMAs actualizing a rotation control and three PMAs controlling another two rotations to get better rotation characteristics. The kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed and a new static model of PMA is used to control it.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new static model.     

100 kWe级空间快堆核电源系统仿真平台开发与应用

空间核反应堆电源作为一种具有竞争力的空间电源方案,正逐渐受到关注及应用。本文针对一个100 kWe级锂冷快堆耦合布雷顿循环的空间堆核动力系统方案,修改了RELAP5程序中的物性程序、换热模型,程序中的中子动力学模块使用蒙特卡洛方法计算快堆物理参数与堆芯控制调节参数,由此集成并建立一个空间快堆核动力系统综合仿真平台,应用该平台对100 kWe级空间堆核动力系统进行了稳态模拟与事故分析。结果表明:在瞬态发生后系统各参数变化符合预期,验证了各部件及控制系统的功能性及有效性;同时,还初步进行了仿真平台用于100 kWe级空间反应堆核动力系统设备的设计优化的实践,为空间快堆设计与安全分析提供了技术储备。     

300 MVA脉冲发电机组滑差方式起动过程研究

介绍了300 MVA脉冲发电机组的滑差装置。对机组采取滑差方式的起动过程进行了分析和等效建模。根据机组实际起动过程电气波形,利用非线性规划模型,建立了滑差装置液体电阻等效仿真模型,并代入机组参数对起动过程进行仿真,仿真结果和实际波形吻合,验证了模型的正确性。在此基础上,为了使机组的转速达到额定转速,提出在滑差装置液体电阻低位时并入两级固体金属电阻后短接的方案,给出了两级固体金属电阻的阻值等理论参数,并通过仿真验证了方案的可行性。建立的仿真模型可以作为研究不同参数、不同控制策略下的机组起动过程动态特性的重要工具。     

Model reference adaptive control with smooth switching scheme for piecewise linear systems and its application in turbofan engine control

A model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with smooth switching scheme was proposed for piecewise linear systems, and the method was utilized in turbofan engine control to avoid the discontinuity of control input. In this scheme, each sub-region of the operating envelope had its own MRAC controller, and smooth indicator function based smooth switching scheme was introduced to switch multiple controllers smoothly at the boundary of adjacent sub-regions. The Lyapunov stability analysis indicated that the proposed smooth switching scheme can guarantee the convergence of the closed-loop system during the controllers switching. The tracking error system was converted into a switched system to analyze the global stability of the closed-loop system. The advantage of the method was that the chattering of system output and instability caused by asynchronous switching can be eliminated. The simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in comparison with the existing MRAC controller with gain scheduling for turbofan engine.      

中介轴承外圈故障动力学建模及仿真分析

为了研究航空发动机中介轴承故障特征,基于Hertz非线性接触理论,建立了一种考虑时变位移激励的4自由度中介轴承外圈故障动力学模型。采用双转子试验台对中介轴承外圈故障进行实验模拟,实验结果和动力学模型数值求解结果一致,验证了所建立模型的准确性。采用动力学模型仿真分析了中介轴承外圈存在缺陷情况的振动响应。研究了中介轴承振动方根幅值、波形因子、脉冲因子、峰值因子和峭度因子随缺陷大小、径向载荷的变化规律。结果表明:随着缺陷尺寸或径向载荷增大,中介轴承振动方根幅值呈增大趋势。脉冲因子、峰值因子和峭度因子等无量纲参数随着缺陷尺寸增加,先增大后减小。随着径向载荷增加,以上三个无量纲参数呈增大趋势。同时,证明方根幅值、脉冲因子、峰值因子和峭度因子等特征参数对中介轴承外圈故障敏感。     

半球谐振陀螺全角模式控制技术研究

介绍了半球谐振陀螺全角模式的工作机理及其技术特点。对全角模式下振型的控制进行了理论分析,采用乘法相干解调对陀螺振型参数进行提取,并采用参数激励方法对谐振子进行驱动和控制。设计了数字电路进行实验,结果表明该全角模式控制技术实现了半球谐振陀螺的角速率积分功能,能够0°～360°全角度敏感输出,测得的角速度测量值超过300(°)/s,角度测量线性度优于10~(-4),与传统的力平衡模式相比,半球谐振陀螺的动态特性得到大幅提升。     

Design of a Non-cooperative Target Capture Mechanism

A passive compliant non-cooperative target capture mechanism is designed to maintain the non-cooperative target on-orbit. When the relative position between capture mechanism and satellite is confirmed,a pair of four-bar linkages lock the docking ring,which is used for connecting the satellite and the rocket. The mathematical model of capture mechanism and capture space is built by the Denavit-Hartenberg(D-H)method,and the torque of each joint is analyzed by the Lagrange dynamic equation. Besides,the capture condition and the torque of every joint under different capture conditions are analyzed by simulation in MSC. Adams. The results indicate that the mechanism can capture the non-cooperative target satellite in a wide range. During the process of capture,the passive compliant mechanism at the bottom can increase capture space,thereby reducing the difficulty and enhance stability of the capture.