Lumped element modelling of synthetic jet actuators

In this paper, a lumped element model of synthetic jet actuator is presented and used to predict the temporal variation of the jet velocity. Unlike the previous model reported in the literature, in this model the mechanical movement of the diaphragm is decoupled from the fluid phenomenon in the actuator cavity to allow the modelling of fluid mechanics aspect of the actuator to be investigated and validated separately. Furthermore, the “minor losses” occurring at the orifice exit is included and linked to the jet exit velocity profile. The results from this model are validated using the existing experimental data and CFD simulations. It is found that this model is capable of predicting the temporal variation of synthetic jets both in phase and magnitude when the actuator is operating away from the Helmholtz resonance frequency. Although the model fails to predict the correct phase information at the Helmholtz resonance frequency, it can still produce the jet peak velocity that is in good agreement with the experimental data. The lumped element model presented in this paper can be used to provide a reliable prediction of the jet peak velocity needed in the initial design of synthetic jet actuators for practical applications.     

多曲面岛屿五轴螺旋刀位轨迹规划

针对复杂拓扑关系的多曲面岛屿加工,以叶片阻尼台为研究对象,提出基于清根刀心轨迹的五轴球头刀螺旋刀位轨迹生成算法。首先建立局部坐标系,定义并确定中轴线,然后按层逐点创建投影射线,利用实体求交构造初始刀心螺旋轨迹;通过变步长迭代算法修正,使得刀心点距实体最短距离在加工精度范围内等于刀具半径。最后根据实体结构控制刀轴矢量,规划出无干涉的螺旋刀位轨迹。算例表明,本文算法统一了阻尼台加工与清根加工,避免了复杂偏置曲面片的构造,保证在加工过程中没有冗余进退刀的同时刀具不会过切叶身曲面,实现了阻尼台多曲面岛屿五轴球头刀高效精密加工。     

非稳态单喷口射流控制扩压器内边界层的分离流动

对扩压器内单喷口射流产生的流向涡控制扩压器内部边界层分离流动行为进行了研究。研究的对象是一个扩张角为10°的二维扩压器,扩压器进出口面积比为1∶4.7,入口高度为15 mm。采用数值计算方法研究了当射流出口速度为非稳态时对分离流动的影响。给出了不同时刻,不同截面上的旋涡涡量分布。结果表明,采用非稳态喷射流向涡方法可以在不改变主流流量特性的情况下,有效地减小分离流动区域。     

基于证据理论的模糊信息融合及其在目标识别中的应用

信息融合系统中的不确定性信息常常表现为模糊性和随机性信息。提出了一种在证据理论框架下实现模糊信息融合的方法。该方法首先基于随机集理论刻画模糊信息的隶属函数,获得了模糊观测下具有概然特性的似然函数,该似然函数表示在收集的模糊信息下确定为某一目标的可能性,在数值上表示了传感器信息对某一命题支持的程度,利用似然函数确定传感器输出的基本概率指派,最后利用Dempster-Shafer组合规则实现多传感器信息融合。     

TC11合金高温变形行为及其机理

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机研究了TC11合金在800～1 050℃、应变速率0.005～5/s条件下的高温变形行为.根据动力学分析,确定了不同温度区间的热激活能和热变形方程.结合变形微观组织观察确定了TC11合金的高温变形机制.结果显示:TC11合金在(α β)两相区和β相区的热变形激活能分别为285.38和141.98 kJ/mol,表明不同温度区间的热变形机理不同;在两相区变形主要发生片状组织的球化,在β相区变形时低应变速率下(0.005～0.05/s)主要发生β相的动态再结晶,高应变速率下(0.05～5/s)主要发生动态回复.研究结果为确定该合金的最佳变形工艺参数提供了理论依据.     

大型飞机用发动机的特点及关键制造技术

国外的成功经验和先进制造技术的发展表明,我国大飞机用航空发动机的研制必须将专业的制造技术与信息技术、管理技术进行有机地结合,并将计算机技术综合应用于设计、制造、检测、管理、销售、使用、服务等发动机研制的全过程.     

基于自适应模拟退火遗传算法的最优Lambert转移

主要研究了航天器采用Lambert二脉冲变轨的优化问题。对于初始位置、目标位置和转移时间都不固定的Lambert二脉冲转移,由于多变量以及方程本身的复杂性,采用传统的优化方法效率低甚至无法求解.采用了自适应遗传算法(AGA),寻求多变量的最优解.同时结合模拟退火算法,得到了自适应模拟退火遗传算法(ASAGA),该算法既具有全局搜索能力,又改善了一般遗传算法的局部寻优能力.通过仿真,比较了遗传算法和自适应模拟退火遗传算法的寻优结果,表明两者寻求最优转移的有效性,以及自适应模拟退火算法具有更强的寻优能力.      

基于对数正态分布第k试验寿命的分散系数法

针对发动机构件寿命试验评估中对寿命分散系数计算公式与不同取值的需求,本文导出了寿命符合对数正态分布、基于任意第k试验寿命分散系数计算公式。并给出置信度为0.95、可靠度为99.87%、母体对数正态标准差lσgN=0.13时的寿命分散系数。本文基于最差试件寿命的分散系数与已有文献一致,而基于最好试件寿命分散系数较已有文献更为合理;采用本文公式可得到任意给定置信度、可靠度、寿命分散条件下的寿命分散系数,可供工程上评估构件寿命时使用。      

涡流发生器和附面层抽吸相结合对于低速压气机叶栅性能的影响

为了分析微型涡流发生器(MVG)和附面层吸气(BLS)相结合的方法对高负荷轴流压气机流动特性的影响,将一种弯曲的微型涡流发生器与缝式吸气槽进行不同组合,共组成五组控制模型进行对比。其中,微型涡流发生器安装在叶片上游端壁上,缝式吸气槽位于叶片吸力面靠近尾缘处。计算结果说明:在设计攻角下,COM控制方法在使总压损失明显减小的同时增加静压系数,性能优于单独使用MVG,却不及只使用BLS的控制方法。在失速攻角下,MVG产生的尾涡将位于叶片吸力面-端壁角区之间的低能流体和主流充分混合,使得总压损失大幅度减小了11.54%。在吸气量为1.5%时,COM控制方法可以使总压损失减小达14.59%。     

Multiple hierarchy risk assessment with hybrid model for safety enhancing of unmanned subscale BWB demonstrator flight test

To explore the low-speed characteristics of the Blended-Wing-Body (BWB) configuration for future civil aircraft, a series of unmanned subscale demonstrators have been developed and tested by our research team. During this process, specific safety risks deriving from uncertain design features, system unreliability, and insufficient personnel experience caused continuous flight test mishaps and the risk mechanism was not clear. Local and trial-and-error learning driven safety improvements took few effects on mishap prevention, so our focus was turned to look for systematic safety strategies. This paper establishes a systems theory based hybrid model to integrate the physical system reliability analysis techniques with the system dynamics method for illustrating the multiple risk interactions of the demonstrator flight test involving organizational, human resource and technical system factors. Using the prior BB-5 demonstrator as a case, the hybrid model simulation represents its historical risk evolution process, which verifies the model rationality. Derived risk control strategies reduced the mishap rate of a new demonstrator called BB-6 Sprit. The paper also shows the extended hybrid model can be applied on safety management of unmanned aerial vehicles from the initial period of vehicle development.