技术成熟度评价方法及其在交会对接任务中的应用

介绍了技术成熟度等级和评价的概念,简述了技术成熟度评价在国外航天工程中的应用情况,提出了航天工程技术成熟度评价标准,包括开展技术成熟度评价的目的、技术成熟度的详细定义及其内涵,并以技术成熟度等级五级为例,给出了具有可操作性的评价细则以及实施要点,通过交会对接任务中运载火箭评价应用实例对技术成熟度评价的应用进行了说明。     

大型客机后缘襟翼滑轨整流罩气动外形设计方法

大型客机后缘襟翼机构伸出机翼下表面会带来气动损失,必须设计相应整流罩。整流罩的外形尺寸对气动力影响较大,会直接影响飞机的气动特性。设计整流罩时应该遵循整流罩外形设计要求,使其引起的高速巡航阻力尽可能小。在查阅相关文献、对比研究大量整流罩图片、分析研究计算机辅助设计(CAD)中NURBS曲面曲线描述方法的基础上,建立了一套详细的大型客机后缘襟翼滑轨整流罩外形设计方法,该方法在满足整流罩包裹住机构、减小气动损失等基本要求的同时,缩短了整流罩设计周期。     

民用飞机应急处理分析流程研究

民用飞机在飞行过程中必然会遇到一些难以预料的情况,如何使空中和地面的工作人员能快速有效地处理飞机在飞行过程中出现的突发事件,已成为世界各国航空运输业关注的重点。为了在突发事件发生后能最大限度地保障乘客和飞机的安全,介绍了空乘及地面工作人员在突发事件发生后的应急处理流程。     

涡扇发动机部件效率变化对共同工作的影响分析

以大涵道比涡扇发动机为研究对象,分析了风扇增压级、高压压气机、高压涡轮、低压涡轮和燃烧室部件效率对涡扇发动机共同工作的影响。不同部件效率变化,不同的控制规律对部件的共同工作影响不同,有些参数变化方向相反。     

民用飞机最小离地速度试飞实施方法研究

对民用飞机最小离地速度( VMU )试飞实施方法进行了研究,主要包含了条款的理解、试验准备、试验分工、模拟器工作准备、试飞技术和数据处理等内容,为民用飞机最小离地速度试飞提供指导。同时作为国内新兴的职业---试飞工程师( FTE),也对其在试飞过程中的分工和职责进行了阐述。     

磁层中重离子O＋通量密度分布的理论研究

应用求解得到的分布函数，研究了北半球子午面内极光带区起源的重离子Ｏ＋在磁层中的通量密度定态分布及其特性．结果表明：（１）重离子Ｏ＋通量密度分布沿ＧＳＭＺ轴方向呈峰状结构，其峰值随地心距离增大而减小，在近地空间减小较快；（２）磁扰动时，Ｏ＋离子占据的空间范围较磁宁静时大，通量峰较不突出；（３）理论估算的磁尾等离子体片边界层附近重离子Ｏ＋通量密度与观测结果相一致．     

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe using X-ray pulsars: Modeling and results

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe is a main challenge due to the lack of dense ground tracking network measurements. In this paper, autonomous navigation of the Mars probe Orbits is investigated using the X-ray pulsars. A group of X-ray pulsars with high ranging accuracy are selected based on their properties and an adaptive extended Kalman filter is developed to incorporate the Mars probe dynamics and pulsar-based ranging measurements. Results of numerical experiment show that the three-dimensional positioning accuracy can achieve 750m in X-axis, 220m in Y-axis and 230m in Z-axis, which is much better than the positioning results by current Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) or Doppler observations with the accuracy of 150 km or several kilometers, respectively.     

Seismo-ionospheric anomalies in total electron content of the GIM and electron density of DEMETER before the 27 February 2010 M8.8 Chile earthquake

In this paper we examine the pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies by the total electron content (TEC) extracted from GIM (global ionospheric map) and the electron density (Ne) observed by the DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite during the 2010 M8.8 Chile earthquake. Temporal variations show the nighttime TEC and Ne simultaneously increase 9–19 days before the earthquake. A cross-comparison of data recorded during the period of 1 February to 3 March in 2006–2010 confirms the above temporal anomalies specifically appear in 2010. The spatial analyses show that the anomalies tend to appear over the epicenter.     

Powered-descent trajectory optimization scheme for Mars landing

This paper presents a trajectory optimization scheme for powered-descent phase of Mars landing with considerations of disturbance. Firstly, θ–D$\theta ''–''D$ method is applied to design a suboptimal control law with descent model in the absence of disturbance. Secondly, disturbance is estimated by disturbance observer, and the disturbance estimation is as feedforward compensation. Then, semi-global stability analysis of the composite controller consisting of the nonlinear suboptimal controller and the disturbance feedforward compensation is proposed. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of proposed control scheme, an application including relevant simulations on a Mars landing mission is demonstrated.     

飞行器航迹倾角的自适应动态面控制

针对飞行器纵向模型具有参数不确定性和外界干扰的特点,提出一种飞行器航迹倾角的自适应动态面控制方法.动态面控制方法通过引入一阶低通滤波器避免了传统反演设计存在的"微分爆炸"现象,采用自适应律对模型未知参数进行在线估计,并利用非线性阻尼项克服外界干扰.通过Lyapunov方法证明得出闭环系统半全局一致稳定,跟踪误差可通过调节控制器参数达到任意小.仿真结果表明:该方法能在简化控制设计过程的同时保证航迹倾角跟踪上预定轨迹,控制系统具有较强的自适应能力且对外界干扰具有一定的鲁棒性.