A drilling tool design and in situ identification of planetary regolith mechanical parameters

The physical and mechanical properties as well as the heat flux of regolith are critical evidence in the study of planetary origin and evolution. Moreover, the mechanical properties of planetary regolith have great value for guiding future human planetary activities. For planetary subsurface exploration, an inchworm boring robot (IBR) has been proposed to penetrate the regolith, and the mechanical properties of the regolith are expected to be simultaneously investigated during the penetration process using the drilling tool on the IBR. This paper provides a preliminary study of an in situ method for measuring planetary regolith mechanical parameters using a drilling tool on a test bed. A conical-screw drilling tool was designed, and its drilling load characteristics were experimentally analyzed. Based on the drilling tool-regolith interaction model, two identification methods for determining the planetary regolith bearing and shearing parameters are proposed. The bearing and shearing parameters of lunar regolith simulant were successfully determined according to the pressure-sinkage tests and shear tests conducted on the test bed. The effects of the operating parameters on the identification results were also analyzed. The results indicate a feasible scheme for future planetary subsurface exploration.     

Effects of in-track maneuver on Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits

By developing approximate analytical models considering the J₂ perturbation, the effects of an in-track maneuver on the orbital Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits are analyzed. First, two approximate models for the variations in orbital sunshine angles are developed, one for variations at a given time and the other for variations at a given argument of latitude. Next, two approximate models for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow are developed, one considers the small eccentricity and the other uses the zero eccentricity. Finally, the developed approximate models are applied to analyzing the Sun illumination conditions of a typical in-track maneuver mission on a near-circular low Earth orbit. From the results obtained, three major conclusions can be drawn. First, the variations in orbital sunshine angles at a given time may reach tens of degrees when the drifting time reaches hundreds of orbital periods, and the approximate model for that situation cannot effectively approach the numerical results. Second, the variations in orbital sunshine angles for any given argument of latitude are only a couple of degrees even when the drifting time reaches 500 orbital periods, and the approximation model developed can effectively approach the numerical results. Third, for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow, the approximate model considering the small eccentricity has simple expressions and can effectively approach the numerical results; in contrast, the approximate model using the zero eccentricity has relatively worse precision.     

基于集成学习模型的飞行学员认知负荷研究

在飞行过程中,飞行员需要在短时间内接收大量信息,并做出正确的判断与决策,而过高的认知负荷会影响其感知、判断、决策等认知过程,进而影响飞行安全。首先通过飞行模拟实验获取飞行学员在执行不同飞行任务时的生理数据;然后通过时域、频域分析等方法提取呼吸和心电信号的特征,并通过统计学方法筛选出能够反映认知负荷水平的指标;最后结合支持向量机、K 最邻近、人工神经网络等方法建立集成学习模型,对飞行学员的认知负荷进行评估,并与单一算法进行对比。结果表明：本文建立的集成学习模型具有较高的准确率,能够更好地反映飞行学员认知负荷水平。     

碳氢燃料超声速燃烧的化学动力学研究 (Ⅰ)甲烷超声速燃烧的简化化学动力学模型

采用雷诺平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程对碳氢燃料甲烷（ＣＨ４） 在超声速流动中混合燃烧过程进行了数值研究, 提出了简化的甲烷燃烧的反应机理及反应动力学模型, 建立了Ｂａｌｄｗ ｉｎ－Ｌｏｍ ａｘ 代数涡粘性湍流模型, 采用了高精度的ＴＶＤ隐式格式和化学源项隐式解法, 计算结果和氢气／空气超燃的计算结果进行了比较, 表明所采用的反应机理及计算模型合理, 算法可行, 就算例结果而言,碳氢化合物作为一种超燃燃料有其独特的优势, 值得进一步深入研究     

推进剂药浆混合均匀性研究

用Ｈａａｋｅ流变仪研究了高固体含量丁羟推进剂的混合均匀性,提出了用复合粘度和复合模量作混合均匀性表征参数的评价方法。研究结果表明,高固体含量丁羟三组元配方的预混阶段需１５ｍｉｎ～２０ｍｉｎ快速混合,总预混时间以３０ｍｉｎ～３５ｍｉｎ为宜。     

气动力与推力矢量控制近距击顶弹道研究

针对某型反坦克导弹从顶部攻击近距离目标存在的空气动力控制不足的问题,探讨了在导弹初始飞行段采用推力矢量控制的可行性,并对有推力矢量控制的近距击顶飞行弹道进行了分析研究,最,通过计算机数字仿真,进行了弹道飞行仿真计算。结果表明,所提方法改善了导弹飞行弹道特性,提出了导弹机动性能和对近距离目标攻击的效果,并有利于减少最小射程。     

基于结构随机跳变系统的反干扰信息处理方法

为了解决在复杂的干扰对抗环境中提高信息处理的准确性问题(例如,对具有多种干扰对抗手段的机动目标的跟踪问题),基于结构随机跳变系统理论提出了一种反干扰信息处理的新方法,该方法针对干扰环境的随机剧烈变化,适时地辨识干扰环境的当前状态,并作出相应的决策来优化和利用系统的资源(例如传感器的优化重组、信息融合算法的转换等),最大限度地降低干扰对信息处理精度的影响.以有效地提高信息优化处理的精确度.在本文中就该方法的性能与其它算法做了仿真比较,其仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性.      

撞击平板的动力响应计算和实验研究

本文采用16节点立体等参元,进行了冲击速度为10～20m/s时的平板动力响应数值分析。程序中考虑了结构的大变形,采用全拉格朗日描述法,时间离散使用了纽马克法。文中分别对LY12CZ和PMMA两种材料平板的动力响应计算结果和试验结果作了比较。提出用HopkinsonBar装置测定平板在硬撞击下撞击总耦合载荷及撞击点挠度随撞击时间的分布关系。同时文中提供了上述两种材料的动态力学性能参数,由这些参数可以认为PMMA为应变率敏感材料,在高速撞击下呈现“脆化”现象,而LY12CZ则为应变率不相关材料,在冲击载荷下呈现良好的塑性变形特性。     

氢燃料超音速燃烧室实验研究

本文介绍超音速燃烧冲压发动机燃烧室实验研究,模型燃烧室呈突扩台阶和扩张形,用电弧加热空气。燃烧室入口Ma =2 1,总温 12 0 0K,总压 7× 105Pa。      

应用局部应力应变法预测机匣疲劳寿命

本文在用有限元对带孔圆筒机匣进行了弹塑性分析的基础上,设计了带孔薄板等效模拟试件,试图作为取代圆筒机匣低循环疲劳寿命预测和试验的等效模拟构件,为此对带孔圆筒机匣与带孔薄板等效模拟试件同时进行了低循环疲劳寿命预测和试验,取得了满意的结果。通过对上述结果分析对比,找出了设计真实构件的等效模拟试件准则,为今后复杂构件的低循环疲劳寿命预测,设计等效模拟试件提供了依据。