基于神经网络的机动目标信息融合与并行自适应跟踪

基于“当前”统计模型和 BP神经网络 ,提出一种新的机动目标神经网络信息融合与并行自适应跟踪算法 ( NIFPAT)。该算法采用双滤波器并行结构 ,利用全状态反馈 ,通过 BP网络调整系统方差以适应目标的运动变化 ,具有对目标各种运动状态的良好自适应跟踪能力     

基于序列图像的自动目标识别算法

由于利用单幅二维图像进行三维目标识别存在识别的多义性,提出了一种基于二维序列图像的三维目标自动识别算法。首先以修正的Hu不变矩构造目标的图像识别特征,进而采用BP神经网络分类器构造关于目标融合识别的基本置信指派函数,以神经网络的训练误差构造证据理论不确定性度量,采用基于吸收法的DS证据理论实现高冲突证据的贯序式融合。对各姿态飞机图像识别的仿真表明,该算法对飞机的空间姿态变化具有很强的鲁棒性,能快速地准确识别飞机类型。此外,算法对先验性参数具有一定的鲁棒性。     

基于BP神经网络的软件项目成本估测方法

为进一步提高软件项目成本估测的准确度,减少在使用传统估测方法时产生的较大误差,提出了一种基于BP神经网络算法的软件项目成本估测模型。利用BP神经网络对软件项目成本进行估计,采用梯度下降自适应Ir的BP算法训练,仿真结果表明,基于算法的软件项目成本估测值与实际成本的偏差较小。     

基于遗传神经网络的飞行载荷参数识别

针对飞行载荷参数识别问题,结合典型机动动作,提出一种优化改进的BP神经网络模型。模型采用留出方法和遗传算法对BP神经网络的设置参数进行优化,利用最优设置参数训练得到飞行载荷与飞行参数的BP神经网络模型。在半滚机动下,通过利用飞行参数识别某一部位弯矩并与未优化BP神经网络对比,表明优化改进的BP神经网络模型对飞行载荷参数识别是一种可行且精度高的方法。     

BP网络的算法及在MATLAB上的程序仿真

在介绍了BP网络基本原理的基础上,阐述了现有的有关BP网络的3种算法,并对这些算法进行了比较,指出在实际应用中BP网络的缺陷.另外利用Matlab神经网络工具箱,采用自适应学习率BP算法对模式识别问题进行了程序设计、训练和仿真.     

基于STEP和改进神经网络的STEP-NC制造特征识别方法

特征识别是实施STEP-NC重要的一步，也是实现开放式、智能化和网络化STEP-NC数控系统的关键。本文提出了一种基于STEP和改进神经网络的STEP-NC制造特征识别方法。该方法首先在对STEP AP203中性文件进行几何拓扑信息提取后，基于边的凹凸性判断构建了零件最小子图。然后，将混沌算法、遗传算法与BP神经网络算法有机相结合提出了改进的BP神经网络。最后，通过将获得的零件模型最小子图信息数据输入到改进的BP神经网络，实现了对STEP-NC制造特征高效精准地识别。通过实例验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

基于粒子群神经网络的轮盘优化

将粒子群算法(PSO)和BP神经网络相结合, 构建了一种新型智能结构优化算法.PSO方法除用于结构优化外, 还被用于BP神经网络的构造及网络训练, 使之可自适应调整优化.结构优化中, 以BP神经网络取代有限元方法, 通过设计变量来映射目标函数和约束, 从而大大提高了计算速度.将此方法用于轮盘结构优化, 使得轮盘体积减少了17.5%, 结果通过检验.该方法便捷、高效, 为解决工程结构优化问题提供了一个新途径.      

基于改进BP网络的手写体汉字识别技术

研究了手写体汉字识别技术，采用改进BP算法进行网络训练，提高了算法的收敛速度。同时，利用神经网络完成了汉字识别系统的实现。实验表明系统较好地回避了汉字结构复杂、变形难以预测等问题，提高了识别效率。     

基于PNN-DS信息融合模型的目标识别方法

针对目标识别中常用BP—DS信息融合方法识别率低,运行速度慢,抗噪性差等问题,提出一种基于PNN网络和DS证据的信息融合方法。该方法不仅综合了证据理论在处理不确定信息方面的优点和神经网络在数值逼近上的长处,利用神经网络和证据推理算法获取了基本概率赋值,同时突出了PNN网络在处理多传感器信息的准确性和运算速度上都要优越于BP网络的特点。     

基于图像奇异值描述的雷达目标识别方法

利用目标对常规雷达发射波形的调制效应，先对录取的回波数据进行预处理，把一维回波序列投影成二维灰度图像，然后提取这种图像的反映飞机目标不同机型(大、小)和不同架次的奇异值作为特征矢量，采用BP神经网络对目标进行分类识别试验，结果表明该方法是有效的，这为常规低分辨雷达空中目标识别提供了一种新方法。     

Object-based SAR image compression using vector quantization

A simple and elegant algorithm is presented to encode images with rich content, which allows easy access to various objects. An object-plane-based encoding method for compression of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is developed, with different object planes for target classes and background. A variable-rate residual vector quantization (VQ) algorithm is developed to encode the background information. This algorithm is very powerful as indicated by the experimental results. The proposed coding scheme allows compression matched to the final application of the images, which in this case is target recognition and classification.     

基于云模型和改进D-S证据理论的目标识别决策方法

在目标识别决策系统中,多探测器多源信息融合的模糊性和不确定性以及各探测周期所得信息的冲突互斥会造成目标识别决策不精准。为解决这一问题,提出基于云模型和改进D-S （Dempster-Shafer）证据理论的目标识别决策方法。首先,将目标识别准确性这一语言评价值划分为不同评价区间等级,以不同评价等级标准云为参照将各探测器各探测周期所得信息转化为云决策矩阵,得出各周期各等级隶属度,进而构建出基本概率分配函数（mass函数）;其次,基于证据理论引入冲突度、差异度、离散度3类衡量冲突大小的参数,定义了一种新的证据冲突参数,同时改进证据冲突融合算法,对各探测器各周期证据体进行修正并融合;再次,结合各探测器权重加权得出各目标综合识别决策的mass函数对目标进行决策;最后,结合算例,验证该方法的适用性,并与其他方法相对比验证了本文方法的优越性。     

基于遗传算法的一种高分辨率雷达目标识别方法

目标识别是防空信息处理中的一个重要环节,而对空中目标类型的识别还没有成熟的理论。通过对高分辨雷达回波信号的分析,在遗传算法的基础上,提出了一种高分辨雷达目标识别方法,由此进行目标识别。仿真实验结果表明,该方法具有高的识别率和强的抗干扰能力。     

空间站机械臂位姿测量中合作靶标的快速识别

 空间站机械臂在完成辅助对接或者目标抓捕时,需要实时求取机械臂上的视觉传感器与目标上的合作靶标之间的位置和姿态,而其前提条件是合作靶标的快速识别。本文提出了一种合作靶标的快速识别算法。算法分为3大步骤:首先用Sobel算子和改进的非极大值抑制算法提取靶标图像的单像素边缘;然后将每条边缘分为两段,分别采用最小二乘法进行圆拟合,若两段拟合结果相似则该边缘属于圆形;最后根据圆形的大小在每个圆形周围开出一大一小两个正方形窗口,统计在两窗的补集内距离圆心较近的直线数量,若直线数量满足规定条件则认为是合作靶标。利用手眼相机、六自由度转台和合作靶标对算法进行了验证,实验结果表明该算法能在1.5 m的距离内准确识别合作靶标,且不受光照条件影响。合作靶标的识别算法快速、稳定、抗干扰能力强。     

An online ensemble semi-supervised classification framework for air combat target maneuver recognition

Online target maneuver recognition is an important prerequisite for air combat situation recognition and maneuver decision-making. Conventional target maneuver recognition methods adopt mainly supervised learning methods and assume that many sample labels are available. However, in real-world applications, manual sample labeling is often time-consuming and laborious. In addition, airborne sensors collecting target maneuver trajectory information in data streams often cannot process information in real time. To solve these problems, in this paper, an air combat target maneuver recognition model based on an online ensemble semi-supervised classification framework based on online learning, ensemble learning, semi-supervised learning, and Tri-training algorithm, abbreviated as Online Ensemble Semi-supervised Classification Framework (OESCF), is proposed. The framework is divided into four parts: basic classifier offline training stage, online recognition model initialization stage, target maneuver online recognition stage, and online model update stage. Firstly, based on the improved Tri-training algorithm and the fusion decision filtering strategy combined with disagreement, basic classifiers are trained offline by making full use of labeled and unlabeled sample data. Secondly, the dynamic density clustering algorithm of the target maneuver is performed, statistical information of each cluster is calculated, and a set of micro-clusters is obtained to initialize the online recognition model. Thirdly, the ensemble K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN)-based learning method is used to recognize the incoming target maneuver trajectory instances. Finally, to further improve the accuracy and adaptability of the model under the condition of high dynamic air combat, the parameters of the model are updated online using error-driven representation learning, exponential decay function and basic classifier obtained in the offline training stage. The experimental results on several University of California Irvine (UCI) datasets and real air combat target maneuver trajectory data validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with other semi-supervised models and supervised models, and the results show that the proposed model achieves higher classification accuracy.     

Automatic spectral target recognition in hyperspectral imagery

Automatic target recognition (ATR) in hyperspectral imagery is a challenging problem due to recent advances of remote sensing instruments which have significantly improved sensor's spectral resolution. As a result, small and subtle targets can be uncovered and extracted from image scenes, which may not be identified by prior knowledge. In particular, when target size is smaller than pixel resolution, target recognition must be carried out at subpixel level. Under such circumstance, traditional spatial-based image processing techniques are generally not applicable and may not perform well if they are applied. The work presented here investigates this issue and develops spectral-based algorithms for automatic spectral target recognition (ASTR) in hyperspectral imagery with no required a priori knowledge, specifically, in reconnaissance and surveillance applications. The proposed ASTR consists of two stage processes, automatic target generation process (ATGP) followed by target classification process (TCP). The ATGP generates a set of targets from image data in an unsupervised manner which will subsequently be classified by the TCP. Depending upon how an initial target is selected in ATGP, two versions of the ASTR can be implemented, referred to as desired target detection and classification algorithm (DTDCA) and automatic target detection and classification algorithm (ATDCA). The former can be used to search for a specific target in unknown scenes while the latter can be used to detect anomalies in blind environments. In order to evaluate their performance, a comparative and quantitative study using real hyperspectral images is conducted for analysis.     

无人车基于激光雷达/视觉的目标体积自动测量方法

近些年，基于激光雷达和视觉的目标感知在无人系统中得到了广泛应用。目标的体积测量在很多应用场景可以发挥极其重要的作用，然而对识别感知目标的体积测量，目前尚无大量研究。首次提出了一种基于激光雷达/视觉的无人车目标体积自动测量方法，实现了无人车与目标体积测量功能的结合。通过在LeGO-LOAM算法中加入点云畸变补偿，相较于原始LeGO-LOAM算法，无人车在高速情况下的构图精度得到提升；通过将激光雷达与视觉进行深度融合，实现了目标的自动识别与全局定位；通过基于平面拟合的地面分割与欧式聚类，实现了目标点云轮廓的实时获取；通过设计一种基于切片法的不规则物体体积测量方法，实现了无人车在运动情况下对目标体积的自动估计。最终，分别通过Gazebo仿真和实际试验验证了算法的有效性。试验结果表明，所提算法在无人车运动的情况下对静态目标物的实时体积测量精度优于3%，具有较好的工程应用价值。     

海天背景舰船红外目标识别技术研究

通过对舰船红外目标特性与识别方法的讨论,给出了图像序列目标识别算法流程以及仿真实验的结果,并对工程实现自动目标识别的硬件、算法和软件设计进行了讨论,具有较好的理论和应用价值。     

一种基于红外图像的目标自动识别算法

红外成像制导具有在各种复杂战术环境下自主搜索、捕获、识别和跟踪目标的能力,代表了当代红外制导技术的发展趋势。提出了一种红外图像预处理、跟踪、分类的自动目标识别算法,利用小波变换、形态学方法对红外图像进行预处理,提取不同频带的惯性不变矩作为特征量,利用神经网络进行分类识别,结果表明该算法具有很高的识别率,对于精确制导武器的目标识别研究具有一定的参考价值。     

M-ary sequential hypothesis tests for automatic targetrecognition

Several forms of sequential hypothesis testing algorithms are described and their performance as classification algorithms for automatic target recognition is evaluated and compared. Several forms of parameteric algorithms, as well as a sequential form of a useful nonparametric algorithm are considered. The primary focus is the design of algorithms for automatic target recognition that produce maximally reliable decisions while requiring, on the average, a minimum number of backscatter measurements. The tradeoffs between the average number of required measurements and the error performance of the resulting algorithms are compared by means of Monte-Carlo simulation studies