SiC陶瓷与GH128镍基高温合金反应连接研究

采用 Fe-Ni(重量比为 65∶ 3 5)金属粉末焊料,利用 Gleeble1 50 0热模拟机对镍基高温合金 ( GH1 2 8)和 Si C陶瓷进行反应连接,研究了连接温度、连接压力和高温保温时间对试样连接强度的影响,确定了最佳工艺参数,并制备了剪切强度超过 3 4.3 MPa的陶瓷 /金属连接件。界面结构分析表明陶瓷 /焊料界面反应层的形成主要受 Fe,Ni原子向陶瓷中的扩散引起     

C/C复材与高温合金异种材料蜂窝结构钎焊界面组织及力学性能

在钎焊温度为1040℃,保温时间为15 min的条件下,采用BNi-2钎料钎焊连接C/C复合材料面板和GH3536高温合金异种材料蜂窝结构,研究了不同钎料层厚度对板–芯界面微观组织变化和板–芯拉脱性能影响。结果表明,焊后板–芯接头由钎料与C/C母材反应区、钎料与蜂窝反应区和钎料凝固区3个区域组成,钎料与C/C母材反应生成了Cr₃C₂反应层,钎料与蜂窝反应区内生成了Si的金属间化合物和Cr₃C₂颗粒。随着钎料厚度的增加,接头拉脱性能先升高后降低,当钎料厚度为0.12 mm时,板–芯接头拉脱强度达到最高9.69 MPa,断裂位置主要发生在C/C基体内。     

C／C复合材料抗烧蚀HfC涂层的制备

采用液相先驱体转化法在C/C复合材料表面制备了抗烧蚀HfC涂层.用红外光谱分析先驱体溶液的结构,用XRD、SEM和EDS对涂层进行了分析和表征.结果表明:先驱体溶液中主要存在Hf-O-Hf结构和Hf-O-C链式结构,有利于HfC涂层的形成;经过1800℃热处理后多层膜被转变为HfC涂层,形成的涂层中主要为HfC和HfO2;单次涂覆不能有效的覆盖C/C复合材料,多次涂覆能够生成致密的HfC涂层;涂层的厚度约为几十微米,涂层界面不明显,在涂层和基体间有较大过渡层能够缓解界面应力和提高与基体间的结合强度,有效延长寿命.     

交流阻抗谱法在热障涂层失效研究中的应用

介绍了交流阻抗谱法作为无损检测方法在热障涂层失效分析中的应用。通过对热循环、静态氧化过程中热障涂层体系的阻抗谱分析,利用交流阻抗谱对热障涂层进行拟合,得到了服役过程中D_M以及TGO电阻R拟合的结果与氧化时间呈抛物线关系;并根据阻抗的变化确定了粘结层的氧化过程中氧化物成分从Al₂O₃变化到混合氧化物的过程;对陶瓷层电阻的拟合结果表明,陶瓷层在热循环250~350次之间的电阻变化与陶瓷层内微观结构以及应力的变化有关。     

碳纤维特性对C/ C 复合材料界面性能的影响

分别采用扫描电镜、比表面积与孔体积分析仪等手段对日丝(RS-Cf ) 和美丝(MS-Cf ) 两种碳纤 维进行表面状态表征分析,通过纤维顶出试验、冲剪强度和弯曲强度对两种纤维制备的C/ C 复合材料界面性 能进行了微观和宏观测试,研究了不同表观结构纤维对C/ C 复合材料界面性能的影响。纤维表面形貌观察结 果表明:圆形RS-Cf 表面沟槽比腰果形MS-Cf 明显,但沟槽数量少于MS-Cf,而MS-Cf 的比表面积、孔体积和 孔径均大于RS-Cf。RS-C/ C、MS-C/ C 复合材料界面强度分别为2. 98 和3. 80 MPa;RS-C/ C 复合材料的弯曲 和冲剪强度分别为55. 9 和32. 0 MPa,低于MS-C/ C 复合材料的65． 0 和35. 2 MPa,微观和宏观力学性能均表 明MS-C/ C 复合材料的界面强度高于RS-C/ C 复合材料。     

沉积温度及走丝速度对SiC纤维拉伸强度和B4C涂层厚度、表面形貌的影响

采用CVD工艺在W芯SiC纤维表面涂覆B4C涂层,通过扫描电镜和纤维拉伸测试研究沉积温度和走丝速度对W芯SiC纤维拉伸强度和B4C涂层厚度、表面形貌的影响规律。结果表明,在1100℃以下不能获得B4C涂层。在一定的涂层参数下,可以获得与W芯SiC纤维的拉伸强度最接近(达3339MPa)的带B4C涂层的SiC纤维。且在其他涂层参数不变的情况下,为优化工艺参数,应符合沉积温度>1210℃时,走丝速度>0.055m/s;或沉积温度<1210℃时,走丝速度<0.055m/s。沉积温度影响SiC纤维的拉伸强度和B4C涂层厚度、表面形貌,走丝速度影响SiC纤维的拉伸强度和B4C涂层厚度。     

热障涂层的界面形貌对TGO层生长行为的作用机制

通过对陶瓷层/粘接层界面应力和热生长氧化物(thermally grown oxides,TGO)层的生长规律分析,研究涂层界面凸起对TGO生长行为的作用机制。结果表明:TGO在陶瓷层/粘接层界面凸起区域的生长速率高于其他区域;由ANSYS有限元软件应力分析可知,随着界面粗糙度的增加(10μm增至20μm),涂层的界面应力增加(185 MPa增到406 MPa);TGO层的厚度增加(1.6μm增至9.3μm)同样会使界面应力增加(142 MPa增大到574 MPa);此外,在高温氧化过程中,陶瓷层/粘接层界面凸起区域主要表现为拉应力,凹陷区域为压应力;拉应力能够促进TGO层的快速生长,压应力则会抑制TGO的生长速率;在保证涂层有效结合强度的前提下,降低粘接层的表面粗糙度,能够有利于降低涂层的界面应力以及减缓TGO的生长速率,从而提高热障涂层高温稳定性。     

TiB2-TiC-SiC复合陶瓷接触反应钎焊接头界面组织及力学性能

采用Ti-Ni中间层体系对TiB₂-TiC-SiC （TTS）复合陶瓷进行了钎焊连接,研究不同的钎料成分和保温时间对接头界面组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：钎料成分变化会引起界面反应机制由Ti与TTS复合陶瓷反应为主的过程向Ni与TTS复合陶瓷反应为主的过程转变。采用Ti-24at%Ni钎料钎焊TTS复合陶瓷时,界面反应主要发生在Ti与TTS复合陶瓷之间,反应产物主要为Ti与TiB₂反应形成的TiB以及与SiC反应形成的TiC和Ti₅Si₃。采用Ti-83at%Ni钎料钎焊TTS复合陶瓷时,界面反应主要发生在Ni与TTS复合陶瓷之间,尤其是与SiC的反应,反应产物主要为Ni₂Si和C。此外,保温时间显著影响TTS/Ti-24at%Ni/TTS接头的界面组织和力学性能。随着保温时间的延长,接头中连续的Ti₂Ni化合物消失,形成大量的TiB和Ti₅Si₃。与此同时,TTS复合陶瓷侧界面反应层逐渐增厚。在钎焊温度为1 ...     

温度对溶剂热改性C/C复合材料显微结构和氧化性能的影响

以硼酸三正丁酯、乙酸、B2O3粉体为原料,无水乙醇为溶剂,采用一种新颖的溶胶/凝胶结合溶剂热法对C/C复合材料基体进行了抗氧化改性.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散谱仪(EDS)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对改性后试样进行了表征.重点研究了溶剂热反应温度对改性后试样的物相组成、微观结构和氧化性能的影响.结果表明:经过溶剂热改性处理后,C/C复合材料表面缺陷被玻璃相B2O3组成的涂层所覆盖,材料内部一部分孔隙也被B2O3相填充,且随着溶剂热温度的上升,试样表面的微裂纹逐渐消失,B2O3涂层的致密度上升;C/C基体的抗氧化性能随着溶剂热改性温度(范围353～433 K)的升高而提高;经433 K溶剂热改性后的C/C复合材料在873 K的空气中氧化16 h后的质量损失仅为4.09％.     

C/C 复合材料的高温抗氧化防护研究进展

C/ C 复合材料在高温有氧环境中易氧化的缺点一定程度上影响了它在航空航天领域的应用与推
广,抗氧化涂层技术是提高其高温长时间抗氧化性能最直接有效的方法。本文综述了近年来国内外C/ C 复合
材料高温抗氧化涂层在玻璃、贵金属、陶瓷等涂层体系方面的最新研究成果;在分析介绍C/ C 高温抗氧化涂层
传统制备工艺优缺点及应用情况的基础上,进一步总结了高温抗氧化涂层制备技术最新研究进展;并对已开发
的抗氧化涂层体系适用环境及应用现状进行了深入的评述。最后针对C/ C 复合材料1 800℃以上的超高温抗
氧化防护问题,指出了目前研究中存在的问题及未来应重点努力发展的方向。     

Joining of SiO2 ceramic and TC4 alloy by nanoparticles modified brazing filler metal

Nano-Al₂O₃ particles modified AgCuNi filler was adopted to braze the SiO₂ ceramic and TC4. The effects of filler size as well as the brazing temperature on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical property of the joints were investigated. Nanoscale filler reduced the phases dimension and promoted the homogeneous distribution of microstructure, obtaining a higher joint strength when compared to microscale filler. The increase of brazing temperature made the accelerating dissolution and diffusion of Ti, which promoted the increase of thickness of Ti₄O₇ + TiSi₂ layer adjacent to SiO₂ ceramic and diffusion layer zone nearby TC4 alloy. The hypoeutectic structure was produced in the brazing seam due to the high Ti content. The maximum shear strength of ∼40 MPa was obtained at 950 °C for 10 min.     

莫来石陶瓷的制备、微波介电特性及其对材料吸波性能的影响

采用热压烧结法,用SiO₂溶胶和Al₂O₃溶胶制备的莫来石溶胶制备了莫来石陶瓷,研究了莫来石陶瓷的微波介电特性与烧结致密度之间的关系。研究表明,当莫来石陶瓷的烧结致密度从91.4%升高到97%时,其复介电常数的实部ε从3.85增加到的5.87,虚部ε″从0.04增加到0.11。当添加MgO烧结助剂后,莫来石陶瓷复介电常数的实部和虚部明显升高。将莫来石陶瓷作为吸波材料阻抗变换层,能够大幅度提高材料的吸波性能。这主要是由于采用的莫来石阻抗变换层的波阻抗较高,为156Ω,减小了空气与吸收层界面上电磁波的反射,使更多的电磁波进入了吸收层而被损耗。     

镍掺杂对α-Al2O3烧结过程、微观结构及力学性能的影响

 首先采用非均相沉淀包裹法制备金属镍包裹α-Al₂O₃复合微球粉体,然后采用热压烧结制备了Al₂O₃/Ni金属陶瓷。通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）对复合粉体及热压烧结产物的成分和结构进行了表征,利用阿基米德法测量了复合陶瓷的密度,分别通过三点弯曲法和单边切口横梁法对陶瓷试条的抗弯强度和断裂韧性进行评估。研究发现：金属镍的引入活化了α-Al₂O₃的烧结,镍粒子均匀地分布在氧化铝的晶界上,增加了弱界面,提高了氧化铝的断裂韧性,最高可达7.62 MPa·m^1/2。     

Microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behavior of plasma-sprayed Si/Yb2SiO5 environmental barrier coatings

An environmental barrier coating (EBC) consisting of a silicon bond coat and an Yb₂SiO₅ top-coat was sprayed on a carbon fibers reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) by atmospheric plasma spray (APS). The microstructure of the coating annealed at 1300 °C and its high-temperature oxidation behavior at 1350 °C were investigated. The significant mass loss of silica during the plasma spray process led to the formation of Yb₂SiO₅ and Yb₂O₃ binary phases in the top-coat. Eutectics of Yb₂SiO₅ and Yb₂O₃ were precipitated in the top-coat, and channel cracks were formed in the top-coat after 20 h annealing because of the mismatch between the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of Yb₂SiO₅ and the SiC substrate. The EBC effectively improved the oxidation resistance of the CMC substrate. The channel cracks in the Yb₂SiO₅ top-coat provided inward diffusion channels for oxygen and led to the formation of oxidation delamination cracks in the bond coat, finally resulting in spallation failure of the coating after 80 h oxidation.     

Cf/SiC的制备及连接性、抗氧化性研究

论述了Cf/SiC常用的制备工艺和钽、铌及其合金在SiC陶瓷、Cf/SiC连接方面的应用,铱在C/C、石墨抗氧化方面的应用。指出了难熔金属在陶瓷基复合材料上应用存在的问题,提出了解决的方法,展望了难熔金属在陶瓷基复合材料上应用的发展方向。     

Cr对Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Al-2Hf合金显微组织与高低温力学性能的影响

 以Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Al-2Hf成分为基础,分别添加了2%和17%(原子分数,后同)的Cr元素替代Nb(分别称2Cr和17Cr合金),研究了Cr含量对Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Al-2Hf合金相组成、显微组织形貌、室温断裂韧性和高温强度的影响,分析了高低温失效机制。结果表明,铸态和1 375 ℃×100 h热处理后2Cr合金由Nbss和Nb₅Si₃两相组成;当Cr含量为17%时,出现了具有C15结构的Laves Cr₂Nb相,合金由Nbss、Nb₅Si₃和Cr₂Nb三相组成,热处理后在Nb₅Si₃中还析出了球状Cr₂Nb相。随着Cr含量由2%提高到17%,热处理合金的室温断裂韧性K_Q由14.32 MPa·m^1/2下降到10.30 MPa·m^1/2。合金强度与Cr含量的关系受温度影响,随Cr含量提高,室温和1 150 ℃时合金的硬度或强度增高,而1 250 ℃和1 350 ℃时合金强度降低。如1 150 ℃时2Cr和17Cr合金的屈服强度σ_0.2分别为349 MPa和387 MPa;1 350 ℃时分别为306 MPa和74 MPa。     

High-entropy (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Gd0.2Yb0.2)2(Zr0.75Ce0.25)2O7 thermal barrier coating material with significantly enhanced fracture toughness

Poor fracture toughness leads to premature failure of La₂(Zr_0.75Ce_0.25)₂O₇ (LCZ) thermal barrier coatings in an elevated temperature service environment. A novel coating material, namely (La_0.2Nd_0.2Sm_0.2Gd_0.2Yb_0.2)₂(Zr_0.75Ce_0.25)₂O₇ (LNSGY) based on the high-entropy concept, was successfully fabricated by solid-state sintering. The microstructure of LCZ and LNSGY was investigated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectrometer (RS), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The fracture toughness of the LCZ and LNSGY ceramics was evaluated. The LNSGY has excellent high-temperature phase stability, and the grain size of LNSGY ceramic is smaller than that of LCZ ceramic at an elevated temperature due to the sluggish diffusion effect. Compared with LCZ (fracture toughness is (1.4 ± 0.1) MPa∙m^1/2), the fracture toughness of LNSGY is significantly enhanced (fracture toughness is (2.0 ± 0.3) MPa∙m^1/2). Therefore, the LNSGY can be a promising advanced thermal barrier coating material in the future.     

Impermeability of Y3Al5O12 ceramic against molten glassy calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate

Degradation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) caused by calcium-magnesium-alumina-silica (CMAS) glassy penetration is becoming an urgent issue for TBCs industrial applications. In this work, yttrium aluminum garnet (Y₃Al₅O₁₂, YAG) nano-powders were synthesized through a chemical co-precipitation route. The resistance of YAG ceramic to glassy CMAS infiltration at 1250?°C was evaluated. YAG ceramic bulk sintered at 1700?°C for 10?h was comprised of a single garnet-type Y₃Al₅O₁₂ phase. The molten CMAS glass was suppressed on the surface of the YAG ceramic at 1250?°C. A chemical reaction between YAG and the molten CMAS glass did not occur at 1250?°C for 24?h, suggesting that YAG could act as an impermeable material against glassy CMAS deposits in the TBC field.     

Fabrication and Life Prediction of SSiC Ceramic Joint Joined with Silicon Resin YR3370

Joints between sintered silicon carbide （SSiC） were produced using a polysiloxane silicon resin YR3370 （GE Toshiba Silicones） as joining material. Samples were heat treated in a 99.99% nitrogen flux at temperatures ranging from 1 100 ℃ to 1 300 ℃. Three point bending strength of the joint reached the maximum of 179 MPa as joined at 1 200℃. The joining layer is continuous, homogeneous and densified and has a thickness of 2 μm -5μm. The joining mechanism is that the amorphous silicon oxycarbide （SixOyCz） ceramic pyrolyzed from silicon resin YR3370 acts as an inorganic adhesive to SSiC substrate, which means the formation of the continuous Si-C bond structure between SixOyCz structure and SSiC substrate. Life prediction of the ceramic joint can be realized through the measurement of the critical time of the joint after the cyclic loading test.     

B4C－TiB2－W2B5复合材料研究

 通过热压和热等静压反应烧结,从相复合角度探索了改善碳化硼机械性能及发展新型碳化硼基超硬材料的可行性,并给出了最新研究结果。