线阵CCD用于二维小角度测量的研究

介绍了线阵CCD器件用于二线小角度测量的研究,给出了一种线阵（二双坐标自准直仪及其测量原理、仪器硬件和软件设计。实验表明：所研制的CCD双坐标自准在仪量程为±5,分辨力优于0．2",测量精度优于1"。     

三轴转台轴线垂直度的测试方法

为了测量中环轴、内环轴不能全回转的三轴转台回转轴线的垂直度误差,设计了利用自准直仪和平面反射镜将有限回转轴系轴线引出的方法。根据自准直仪读数与平面反射镜对回转轴线的垂直度误差、自准直仪的光轴与回转轴线的平行度误差之间的关系,利用最小二乘法引出外环轴处于不同位置时的中环轴轴线、内环轴轴线,实现了三轴转台轴线垂直度的测量。     

分辨率优于0.1arcsec的二维微小角度传感器的系统设计

设计一种新型二维微小角度传感器,可实现实时二维角度的测量。并采用基于DSP的检测电路进行高速数据采集处理,使系统的测量精度和响应速度满足了当前在线检测的需求,角度测量>±600arcsec,测量分辨率优于0.1arcsec。     

自准直仪示值误差的调整

介绍了自准直仪的测量原理，对自准直仪示值超差的原因进行了分析，并说明了调整方法。     

转台用光电自准直仪测试软件开发

讨论了转台主要性能的测试方法.分析了使用光电自准直仪测试转台的软件需求.给出了光电自准直仪用于测试转台软件的开发工作流程和测试数据结果.     

一种光学自准直仪快速对准读数的新方法

对各种转台的角度定位误差进行检测时,光学自准直仪和多面棱体配合法是目前最常用的方法。检测过程中尤其是在距离较大或需要五棱镜改变光路时,自准直仪的对准工作需要测试人员花费很多的时间完成,效率极为低下。本文提出了一种利用激光实现自准直仪对准的新方法。实验证明,该方法极大地降低了对准难度,提高了检测效率。     

基于凸包算法的陶芯弯曲度与扭曲度误差计算

陶芯弯扭变形直接关系到空心叶片的壁厚尺寸分布,为克服当前陶芯弯扭变形的计算中测量数据与理论模型三维配准、陶芯截面轮廓线提取或拟合的过程算法复杂、收敛速度慢、效率低等问题,提出了一种通过测量数据点直接计算陶芯弯曲度和扭曲度误差的算法,该算法不需要三维配准和提取陶芯外轮廓线,通过距离权值法计算陶芯弯曲度,凸包算法计算陶芯扭曲度,能大幅提高计算效率。仿真与实验结果表明:该算法弯曲变形计算精度为99.55%,与二维配准算法相差±0.01mm;扭曲变形计算精度为99.98%,与二维配准相差±0.006°。      

旋转冲压压缩转子二维进气流道数值研究

借鉴二维超声速进气道的设计方法,设计了一种旋转冲压压缩转子的二维进气流道,并采用二维雷诺平均N-S方程和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型对其流场进行了数值仿真,研究了转速、背压对二维进气流道中波系结构、内部流动特性和性能的影响.计算结果表明:所提出的旋转冲压压缩转子二维进气流道设计方法是可行的;二维进气流道中产生的激波系与二维超声速进气道中产生的激波系相类似,所不同的是二维进气流道中产生的激波为弯曲激波,而二维超声速进气道中产生的激波为平直激波;转速和背压对二维进气流道的性能有较大影响.      

高超声速二维进气道参数化设计方法初探

通过高超声速二维进气道流动与几何参数制约关系分析和参数敏感性分析, 确定了能够对二维进气道进行参数化设计的5个基本几何控制参数, 初步建立了高超声速二维进气道的参数化设计方法.结果表明该方法选择的基本参数能够敏感地反映进气道的关键性能和尺寸, 为二维进气道型面优化设计提供了切实可行的途径.      

二维精密微动刀架的研制

研制了一台由压电陶瓷驱动、Y向微调对刀装置及夹紧汽缸组成的X-Z二维精密微动刀架,并建立了微动刀架的数学模型。经实验测试刀架分辨率达到5nm,重复定位精度达到±0.01μm,满足超精密加工的要求。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.