先进战斗机对机载射频孔径系统隐身的需求及解决方案

 大量的研究结果已经表明：机载天线等传感器孔径的分布与形状特征,对飞机隐身效果具有举足轻重的影响,如果不能有效控制机载射频(RF)孔径系统的特征信号(包括雷达散射截面(RCS)和电磁辐射控制),则通过外形、结构和材料隐身而达到的整机高隐身水平就会受到破坏。迄今为止,天线散射特性的评估是尚未完全解决的问题,而减缩天线RCS的手段和方法也有待深入研究。总结了F/A-22和F-35等国外先进隐身战斗机机载射频孔径系统隐身设计特点,从飞机总体隐身方案设计角度提出了对机载射频孔径系统隐身的需求,并针对具体应用提出最小化天线孔径数量、减小天线孔径外形尺寸、减缩天线孔径特征信号、采用低截获概率（LPI）技术等概念性解决方案。     

飞机射频隐身表征参量及其影响因素分析

 随着军事装备的不断发展,无源探测器（电子支援系统、雷达告警接收机和电子情报接收机）对飞机的探测能力大大提高。为了避免机载雷达设备辐射的射频(RF)信号被截获,要求飞机具有良好的射频隐身性能。综合考虑机载雷达探测距离和无源截获接收机截获距离之间的关系以及天线空域扫描方式发生捷变对飞机射频隐身性能的影响,指出了用施里海尔(Schleher)截获因子评价飞机射频隐身性能的不足,并提出用信号截获率来表征飞机射频隐身特性的方法。最后,对影响信号截获率的因素进行分析与计算,在此基础上给出飞机实现射频隐身的途径与方法。该评价方法综合了飞机在时域、频域和空域上的射频隐身特性,对飞机的射频隐身设计具有参考价值。     

等离子体隐身结构机翼的RCS分析

等离子体隐身是利用等离子体回避雷达探测系统的一种技术.本文介绍了飞机等离子体隐身的原理,提出了一种在飞机机翼封闭前缘内产生离子体的隐身结构设计方案,进而采用CST NWS高频电磁分析软件,对等离子体隐身结构机翼与金属机翼的RCS进行了分析、对比.研究表明,在前缘设置等离子体隐身结构可以改善机翼的总体雷达散射特性.     

雷达天线系统隐身方法研究

以飞行器为载体的雷达天线系统隐身,是飞行器隐身研究的一项重要课题,文中从时域、空域、带外及正交极化、带内同极化四个方面探讨了雷达天线系统隐身的基本原理。     

基于典型任务的突防飞机概念阶段雷达隐身指标论证方法

主要研究基于对地突防任务的飞机雷达隐身指标的论证方法。通过对典型对抗态势的分析,提出成功突防的判定依据,同时,开展雷达威胁探测模型的建模和飞机雷达隐身参数表征方法的研究,并重点针对雷达连续跟踪和武器拦截飞机过程开展理论建模、仿真计算和迭代评估,最终提出较为系统的基于典型突防对抗的飞机雷达隐身指标论证方法。     

飞机后向红外隐身技术应用探讨

随着雷达隐身的快速发展,新一代作战飞机的雷达隐身性能较为原来有了显著提高,来自敌方雷达的威胁显著减小,但没有采取红外隐身措施的作战飞机在日益发展的红外探测系统面前生存力大打折扣,本文通过对国外先进战机的红外隐身技术应用现状进行了分析和整理,总结其后向红外隐身技术应用规律,探讨了其发展趋势。     

飞机雷达隐身技术

本文从作战飞机的安全突防、提高飞机生存力的角度提出了发展飞机隐身技术的重要性,阐述了常规飞机雷达散射机理、飞机雷达隐身的技术途径和减缩飞机RCS的技术措施。     

飞机隐身技术的变革

介绍了飞机隐身技术发生的变革,隐身技术的重点将从雷达隐身转向视觉隐身。     

MXB7701/7781预浸料在ARJ21飞机雷达罩上的应用

ARJ21飞机机头雷达罩位于该飞机机身的头部,是飞机机身气动外形的一部分,同时又是气象雷达天线的电磁透波窗口,用以保护雷达天线免受飞行环境的有害影响.     

雷达吸波材料和吸波结构与飞机隐身技术

雷达吸波材料和吸波结构的使用是飞机隐身的一个重要措施。本文介绍了雷达吸波材料(RAM)和吸波结构(RAS)及其在飞机隐身技术中的作用。     

Development of airborne moving target radar for long range surveillance

The following topics are discussed in the context of the development of an airborne moving target radar for long range surveillance: US Navy long range shipborne radar; Cadillac I airborne early warning (AEW) radar; Cadillac II airborne early warning (AEW) radar; airborne moving target indicating (AMTI) radar; related post-war radar activities; and the invention of the displaced center antenna. Among the topics studied is the use of a monopulse antenna in an MTI radar to remove the degradation of the MTI caused by rapid scanning of the antenna. A method of using a monopulse antenna for motion compensation in airborne MTI is discussed.<>     

Performance analysis of radar antenna systems

If modern airborne radar systems are to function properly, the radar antenna radiation patterns must meet certain specifications. Until recently, most radar antennas were designed and tested in a clean antenna environment, i.e., there is no near field scattering from host structures or radome effects. However, these higher order effects are the matter of increasing concern with added performance demands in the ever-increasing jammer and clutter interference environments. We investigated the capabilities and limitations of currently available analysis techniques and computer codes for installed performance of airborne radar antenna systems. Then we developed an extended ray-optical technique that could predict total installed performance of airborne radar antenna systems, i.e., the near field scattering from aircraft structures and radome effects. The new analysis technique utilized a ray-tracing method in both airframe and radome simulation. Thus, it can efficiently predict the total installed performance of large radar antenna systems on an aircraft structure     

频率选择表面机载雷达天线的研究

研究了降低机载雷达天线散射截面的频率选择表面(FSS)极化扭转板。根据Floquet定理利用模式电压概念建立矢量模式,对二维周期阵列的频率选择表面进行理论分析和计算。设计并加工了一种降低机载雷达天线散射载面的频率选择表面极化扭转板结构。计算和实验表明:频率选择表面的极化扭转板在雷达天线工作通带内保持与原极化扭转板的性能不变,而在工作通带外具有降低雷达散射载面的效果。降低雷达散射截面7～10dB。     

联合截获威胁下的雷达射频隐身目标搜索算法

针对基于射频(RF)隐身需求的机载雷达目标搜索问题进行了研究。通过分析实际作战中射频辐射面临的截获威胁,提出了一种基于联合截获威胁的射频隐身性能表征方法,并给出了具体的值估算方法;对机载雷达搜索任务中辐射参数的优化问题进行了建模,并采用优化算法对目标函数进行求解。通过分析典型情景下解集的分布特点,给出了从最优解集中选取最终解的方法。结果表明,提出的射频隐身性能表征方法能更好地反映截获实现过程的多域需求,提出的雷达搜索方法能够在保证探测性能的同时,提高射频隐身性能和搜索速度,能够为相控阵雷达搜索任务中参数的优化控制提供方法和依据。     

STAP with medium PRF mode for non-side-looking airborne radar

Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) has been widely discussed for airborne radar systems to improve the system performance of detecting targets. This is especially true for airborne early warning (AEW) radar, which should find long-range and small radar cross section (RCS) targets such as the stealth aircraft and missiles. However, in existing airborne radar literature, STAP is mainly considered for clutter and jamming rejection in side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) applications. There have been fewer discussions on airborne radar with non-side-ways looking array radar (non-SLAR). The STAP of non-SLAR such as forward looking array radar is also very important and can not be avoided for airborne radar to detect targets in all directions. The STAP of the non-SLAR is studied here. A scheme has been proposed, which is processed by the way of STAP combined with multiple staggered medium pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs). We further study the selection of PRFs in order to make the scheme more available for non-SLAR radar. We analyze two typical non-SLAR cases, i.e., inclined-sideways looking array and forward looking array. We examine this scheme by comparing the performances of three processing systems under the criteria of range-velocity blind zone minimization. Computer simulation results show the multiple-PRFs STAP scheme is feasible for non-SLAR and can be applied to phased-array AEW radar systems     

基于代理模型的机载吊舱气动与隐身一体化设计方法

考虑雷达隐身要求的机载吊舱初步设计时,存在载机-吊舱组合体RCS计算复杂度高的问题。为此,本文构造了用于计算RCS的代理模型,并基于此代理模型以吊舱横截面积、吊舱对载机的气动特性影响量和飞机与吊舱组合的RCS为优化目标,用评价函数法构造吊舱外形设计的多目标优化模型,并用复合形法求解该模型的设计参数。按该参数设计的吊舱外形能使载机在挂载吊舱后气动阻力系数与RCS增量均保持较低的水平,同时可保持吊舱较大的装载截面。研究结果表明,本方法在吊舱的初步设计阶段对设计参数的选取具有较好的指导意义。     

噪声调制连续波雷达信号波形射频隐身特性

雷达信号波形的射频(RF)隐身性能是雷达系统能否适应现代战场环境的重要因素,雷达射频隐身信号波形设计是现代雷达系统设计中的重要课题.首先,在介绍随机噪声信号雷达原理的基础上,基于Schleher截获因子阐述了噪声调制连续波雷达信号波形的射频隐身特性.然后,分析了高斯噪声相位和频率调制连续波雷达输出自相关函数和高斯噪声相...