飞机试飞阶段可靠性评估技术应用研究

提出了考虑故障处理策略的试飞阶段可靠性增长评估模型,并以某型飞机定型试飞阶段的数据为例对评估模型进行了验证。     

民用飞机引气过热探测告警温度设计和验证

民用飞机引气过热探测系统用于探测高温引气泄漏,防止持续泄漏的高温引气对周围的结构和设备造成损坏。探测器告警温度根据探测器周围的最高环境温度设置,根据不同的探测需求,系统可以设置不同的告警温度。系统在方案设计阶段,探测器告警温度是根据理论计算的最高环境温度设置。采用试验的方法,通过测试飞机引气过热探测器的环境温度,建立新的计算方法,修正探测器的理论最高环境温度,用于验证系统告警温度设置的合理性。     

飞行品质仿真计算与试飞数据对比分析

随着飞行控制系统越来越复杂,试飞过程逐渐向数字化过渡。在开展飞行试验前,通过数值模拟对飞机的主要飞行品质参数进行仿真计算,可以为试飞过程提供参考,提高飞行试验的效率。根据某型飞机的风洞试验数据,建立该型飞机的气动力数学模型,基于Flightgear飞行模拟软件搭建功能完备的实时飞行模拟平台,完成飞行品质的数字化试飞。选取典型试飞数据对所建立的气动力模型与数值仿真结果进行验证,结果表明:数值仿真结果与试飞结果具有较好的一致性。     

M_ИΓ──21型飞机失速／尾旋飞行试验

在系统地进行ＴИΓ—２１型飞机失速／尾旋理论培训和试验飞行的基础上，结合实际飞行中的机载测试记录和体会，详细介绍了失速／尾族试飞的准备、试飞驾驶技术和失速尾旋特性。给出了ＭИΓ－２１型飞机典型的正常尾旋和倒飞尾旋的试飞结果曲线。最后针对ＭИΓ－２１型飞机的特点，给出了失速／尾旋试飞中特别的限制说明。供同类型飞机失速／尾旋试飞时参考。     

某型飞机空中停车原因分析

某型飞机在科研试飞和批生产"升限"科目试飞中,先后出现了空中停车现象,严重地威胁着飞机的飞行安全和飞行员的生命安全.根据飞机参数记录仪采集的大量数据、飞机发动机地面工作检查和飞机发动机地面试车台架录取参数等进行综合分析判断,得出初步理论性结论,制定出相应的措施,并在三架某型飞机上进行了四架次的验证试飞.飞行结果表明,飞机发动机工作稳定,说明空中停车原因清晰、结论正确,所采取的措施行之有效,同时建议在后续的"升限"科目试飞中采用此方案.     

Y7H─500型飞机高速特性适航试飞

根据民用飞机在投入营运之前，要按飞机适航标准进行适航取证试飞的要求，对Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机进行了高速特性适航试飞验证。简要介绍了试验机概况、试飞方法和测试技术；讨论了Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机的高速特性。试验结果表明，Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机的高速特性符合ＣＣＡＲ－２５部要求。     

AMSAA模型在飞机试飞阶段可靠性评定中的应用

讨论了目前飞机可靠性评定工作中存在的问题，从可靠性角度出发，论述了飞机定型试飞的实质，在此基础上讨论了AMSAA模型并用某型飞机设计鉴定试飞的数据，证实此模型可用于飞机试飞阶段的可靠性评定，给出了置信区间，对有关工作提出了建议。     

Y7H—500型飞机高速特性适航试飞

根据民用飞机在投入营运之前，要按飞机适航标准进行适航取证试飞的要求，对Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机进行了高速特性适航试飞验证。简要介绍了试验机概况、试飞方法和测试技术；讨论了Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机的高速特性。试验结果表明，Ｙ７Ｈ－５００型飞机的高速特性符合ＣＣＡＲ－２５部要求。     

攻角传感器的安装与校准

提出了攻角传感器的最佳安装选位条件、安装要求和典型的安装结构，重点阐述了攻角传感器的校准问题。为了校准，必须进行攻角试飞，以探求攻角修正值的规律。攻角试飞的测试基准，选用装在机头空速管支杆上的风标式攻角传感器，并以表速为参量，对攻角试飞数据进行处理。这种处理攻角试飞数据的模式有其独特之处，应用于L8型飞机，效果良好。     

电传飞机迎角限制器试飞验证方法研究

电传飞机迎角限制器是大迎角飞行控制律的重要组成部分,迎角限制器功能可以有效地保证飞机的飞行安全。GJB3814-1999中对于迎角限制器的验证提出了明确的要求,在试飞中必须针对迎角限制器开展飞行验证。根据某型飞机的气动特性、控制律设计原理,开展了飞行仿真试验验证,提出了合理的试飞方法,制定了合理的测试方案和试飞方案。在试飞过程中循序渐进地开展试飞,有效地规避了意外进入失速尾旋等试飞风险,保证了试飞安全,全面验证了某型飞机的迎角限制器功能的可靠性和有效性,为电传飞机迎角限制器试飞提供了技术支持。     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

基于H∞性能指标的质量矩拦截弹鲁棒控制

 以所建立的质量矩拦截弹数学模型为基础，利用微分几何的反馈线性化理论，得到一个解耦线性系统，考虑到拦截弹的鲁棒性要求和3个滑块的协调控制问题，提出采用双回路的设计方法，内回路采用线性二次调节器（LQR），外回路采用考虑混合灵敏度问题的H_∞控制设计。仿真结果证明了该方法动态性能满足设计要求，同时对系统参数的不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性。     

航天器返回地球的气动特性综述

航天器返回地球的飞行过程中,气动特性是实现将宇宙飞行速度减到落地前速度、保证再入飞行得到有效控制以及再入防热安全可靠的关键因素。针对简单旋成体气动外形、半弹道式再入控制、烧蚀防热类返回航天器,综述了返回地球过程中变化的空气流域特性、航天器周围的气体绕流环境、空气与航天器作用产生的动力学与热效应等。系统地给出了该类航天器的再入气动特性参数与飞行性能的共性规律,包括:气动阻力与再入减速、气动升力与再入轨迹控制、配平攻角与飞行稳定性、气动加热与防热,以及再入过程中不同气动特性航天器、气象条件变化等对再入飞行性能的影响规律。为航天器开展返回飞行过程的跨流域气动性能工程研制提供设计参考。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.