A novel intelligent adaptive control of laser-based ground thermal test

Laser heating technology is a type of potential and attractive space heat flux simulation technology, which is characterized by high heating rate, controlled spatial intensity distribution and rapid response. However, the controlled plant is nonlinear, time-varying and uncertainty when implementing the laser-based heat flux simulation. In this paper, a novel intelligent adaptive controller based on proportion–integration–differentiation(PID) type fuzzy logic is proposed to improve the performance of laser-based ground thermal test. The temperature range of thermal cycles is more than 200 K in many instances. In order to improve the adaptability of controller,output scaling factors are real time adjusted while the thermal test is underway. The initial values of scaling factors are optimized using a stochastic hybrid particle swarm optimization(H-PSO)algorithm. A validating system has been established in the laboratory. The performance of the proposed controller is evaluated through extensive experiments under different operating conditions(reference and load disturbance). The results show that the proposed adaptive controller performs remarkably better compared to the conventional PID(PID) controller and the conventional PID type fuzzy(F-PID) controller considering performance indicators of overshoot, settling time and steady state error for laser-based ground thermal test. It is a reliable tool for effective temperature control of laser-based ground thermal test.     

SMA鼓包迟滞建模与控制策略

激波控制鼓包SCB是一种减小激波阻力的流动控制技术。为了解决固定挠度鼓包工作范围较窄的问题,提出了一种具有双向记忆效应的形状记忆合金SMA鼓包,通过控制SMA鼓包的温度来改变其挠度。SMA鼓包最大可回复位移为6.1 mm,为鼓包变形区域的2.65%。针对迟滞现象对鼓包挠度控制的影响,基于（Krasnosel'skii-Pokrovskii,KP）模型对SMA鼓包的温度/挠度迟滞特性进行了建模研究。采用粒子群算法来辨识模型参数,辨识得到的迟滞模型最大误差为0.107 mm。设计了2种基于KP模型的PID控制方案,一种为无迟滞补偿的单目标PID控制,一种为迟滞逆模型前馈补偿的双目标PID控制。仿真与实验结果表明,迟滞逆模型前馈补偿的双目标PID控制时域性能优于无迟滞补偿的单目标PID控制。     

Transition control of a tail-sitter unmanned aerial vehicle with L1 neural network adaptive control

The main task of this work is to design a control system for a small tail-sitter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) during the transition process. Although reasonable control performance can be obtained through a well-tuned single PID or cascade PID control architecture under nominal conditions, large or fast time-varying disturbances and a wide range of changes in the equilibrium point bring nonlinear characteristics to the transition control during the transition process, which leads to control prec...     

一种偏置动量轮在轨维护的变带宽控制方法

针对长寿命运行卫星在轨维护中出现的备份偏置动量轮离散性差异较大,导致俯仰角收敛缓慢的问题,在姿态现象分析的基础上,根据卫星姿态动力学原理,建立偏置动量轮工作模式下的俯仰姿态的PID(Proportion Integration Differentiation,比例积分微分)控制模型,并进行系统开环与闭环传递函数公式推导。然后在伯德图(Bode Diagram)基础上,重点分析相位裕量的敏感参数,给出俯仰姿态控制回路的带宽调整方法,实现变带宽控制。卫星偏置动量轮在轨切换维护的结果表明,通过及时调整PID参数,减小回路带宽,可以有效改善相位裕量,保持卫星控制性能,实现俯仰姿态快速收敛,且俯仰角控制精度优于0.03°,取得较好的应用效果。     

A Dual-driven Intelligent Combination Control of Heat Pipe Space Cooling System

Effective thermal control systems are essential for reliable operation of spacecraft.A dual-driven intelligent combination control strategy is proposed to improve the temperate control and heat flux tracking effects.Both temperature regulation and heat flux tracking errors are employed to generate the final control action;their contributions are adaptively adjusted by a fuzzy fusing policy of control actions.To evaluate the control effects,describe a four-nodal mathematical model for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the controlled heat pipe space cooling system(HP-SCS) consisting of an aluminum-ammonia heat pipe and a variable-emittance micro-electromechanical-system(MEMS) radiator.This dynamical model calculates the mass flow-rate and condensing pressure of the heat pipe working fluid directly from the systemic nodal temperatures,therefore,it is more suitable for control engineering applications.The closed-loop transient performances of four different control schemes have been numerically investigated.The results conclude that the proposed intelligent combination control scheme not only improves the thermal control effects but also benefits the safe operation of HP-SCS.     

机载综合热管理系统控制特性分析

以简化的机载综合热管理系统作为研究对象,对系统在不同控制模式下的变化特性进行分析,为系统控制方案的研究提供了理论依据.利用数学模型和计算机模型相结合的方法建立起一种以燃油为主要热沉,具有空气/燃油换热器、燃油/PAO(聚α烯烃)换热器等主要元器件的机载综合热管理系统整体模型,并提出一种模糊自整定的PID(比例-积分-微...     

适用无人机的小型燃料电池控制方法

燃料电池动力系统作为一种长航时电动无人机的动力方案,其燃料电池的控制技术是决定动力系统可靠性和高效性的关键技术。针对用于无人机的小型空冷型开放阴极的质子交换膜燃料电池,考虑面向工程应用的燃料电池整体控制过程,兼顾电堆温度控制和水管理,提出了一种前馈型模糊PID的电堆温度控制方法,同时设计了一种基于安时积分门限法的膜水含量调节策略,以实现对整个燃料电池系统的高效控制。通过搭建燃料电池温度控制与水管理试验平台,对所提出的控制技术进行了试验验证,并与现有温控和水管理方法进行了对比分析。试验结果表明：所提前馈型模糊PID方法在较长时间的燃料电池启动过程中能够较快地达到目标温度,相比于PID方法减少了7%的调节时间,与传统模糊PID方法相当;燃料电池电流持续减小时,所提前馈型模糊PID方法对超调量的抑制效果具有明显优势,其超调量仅为PID方法的34%,为传统模糊PID方法的43%;所提安时积分门限排水控制方法既能防止水淹故障,又可提高燃料经济性,在所给工况中相比现有方法节约了15%的氢气。     

增程式APU混沌退火混合粒子群优化模糊PID动态控制

针对增程式辅助动力单元(APU)工作点切换过程的控制,提出了一种混沌退火混合粒子群(CAHPSO)算法优化模糊比例积分微分(PID)控制的增程式APU动态控制策略。该算法将标准粒子群(PSO)算法与混沌搜索和退火机制融合,强化全局寻优能力,并采用该算法离线优化模糊PID控制参数。为验证该控制策略的有效性,本文建立了APU仿真模型。仿真结果表明:该控制策略可使APU在工作点从热机点逐步切换至高负荷点的过程中稳定时间短,在三个工作点切换控制过程中稳定时间分别为2.92 s,2.88 s,2.79 s;可使APU转速超调率小,在小负荷点向中负荷点切换时超调约0.95%,在其余过程未出现超调;可使APU转矩变化平缓,在中负荷点向高负荷点切换时转矩仅超调0.16 N·m,具有良好的动态控制效果。      

Small UAV Automation Using MEMS

This paper presents a framework for the automation of a small UAV using a low cost sensor suite, MNAV, and an embedded computing platform, Stargate, which together provide a complete avionics package for aerial robotic applications. In order to provide a complete INS solution (i.e., attitude, velocity, position, and biases), an extended Kalman filter algorithm is developed and implemented in real-time. A devised control strategy utilizes multiple PID loops with a hierarchy enabling simple attitude stabilization to full waypoint navigation. The developed ground station unit, a laptop computer, communicates with the avionics package via 802.11b WiFi, displays the aircraft critical information, provides in-flight PID gain tunings, and uploads waypoints through a simple GUI. The system is installed in an off-the-shelf delta-wing R/C aircraft and demonstrates its performance for aerial robotic applications     

卫星MEMS热控系统的动态特性及自主控制策略

在卫星热控系统中将高效冷却技术与系统层次的智能控制策略相结合是完成航天热控任务的理想候选方案。针对一种基于微机电系统(MEMS)的微槽道换热器和微百叶窗在卫星主动热控系统中应用的方案,应用集总参数法建立了受控对象的系统动态响应模型;提出了一种引入外热流协调因子和专家智能整定比例-积分-微分(PID)控制相结合的自主温度控制策略;完成了其在纳卫星上应用效果的仿真研究。仿真结果表明:自主温度控制策略能够根据当前的控制局势及变化趋势对多个被控量进行自主协调,不但能够有效满足星载电子设备的苛刻温控要求,同时也是实现卫星高度自主飞行的关键技术之一;该温度控制策略同样适用于其他控制场合。     

基于内模控制的多输入多输出高阶振动系统

常规的比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器一般用于单输入单输出系统。对于具有多个输入和多个输出且相互之间具有较强耦合作用的高阶多变量系统,PID控制器的设计常难以实现。针对高阶柔性结构振动控制问题,提出如下PID控制策略：首先在某一频段内对频响函数进行拟合降阶,建立过程模型,然后采用内模控制方法和麦克劳林展开式设计多输入多输出振动系统PID控制器。以4层刚架进行建模仿真计算,结果表明,通过本文方法设计的PID控制器,可以在避免未控模态影响的前提下,使外部干扰得到有效抑制,得到比较理想的控制效果。     

辅助动力装置喘振控制方法

以带负载压气机的辅助动力装置(APU)为研究对象,分析了其引气工作特点及负载压气机喘振机理,提出采用出口换算流量小于最小稳定工作流量的方法来控制负载压气机稳定工作,当APU出口换算流量小于最小稳定工作流量2%时,通过打开喘振控制阀(SCV)防止APU喘振.设计了比例积分微分(PID)控制器控制SCV开度,试车数据与相同条件下的逼喘仿真试验结果对比表明,所提出的方法既可避免负载压气机喘振,又可保证出口压力满足引气要求.      

Recent developments in thermal characteristics of surface dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators driven by sinusoidal high-voltage power

Flow control using surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge(DBD) plasma actuators driven by a sinusoidal alternating-current power supply has gained significant attention from the aeronautic industry. The induced flow field of the plasma actuator, with the starting vortex in the wall jet,plays an important role in flow control. However, the energy consumed for producing the induced flow field is only a small fraction of the total energy utilized by the plasma actuator, and most of the total energy i...     

直升机/发动机系统综合控制半物理仿真

基于直升机/发动机系统综合控制半物理仿真试验平台,针对直升机/发动机系统综合模型和综合控制算法进行数字与半物理仿真试验研究.提出了一种串级PID(proportional integration differential)+扭矩前馈+总距补偿的系统抗扰控制算法,并提出了基于机载简化发动机模型的多模式综合实时优化控制算法.试验结果表明:所建立的 直升机/发动机系统综合开闭环模型能够模拟发动机从起动到慢车再到直升机飞行的整个过程,自由涡轮转速超调量和下垂量均在4%以内,在不同飞行条件下,动静态品质均满足设计要求.本文还进行了综合系统多模式优化技术的半物理仿真,结果表明所设计综合控制律的良好工程应用前景.      

差动活塞式热气自增压系统方案研究

针对液体姿轨控发动机差动活塞式热气自增压系统,设计了间接比对式、直接比对式和电磁阀控制式等三种方案,分析了系统工作原理,建立了动态仿真模型,进行了动态特性研究,并分析了各方案技术特点。研究结果表明：间接比对式系统起动药量为2.64g,起动时间为0.688s,系统自锁时贮箱压力为7.58MPa（偏离额定值9.86%）;可预包装设计。直接比对式系统起动药量小（2.43g）,起动响应快（0.573s）,推进剂贮箱最大工作压力小（7.09MPa,2.75%）;该方案引入了阀芯杆处热滑动密封及流量调节器气液腔隔离面的热隔离防护需求,热控要求高,技术难度较大;可预包装设计。电磁阀控制式系统起动药量小（2.43g）,起动迅速（0.438s）,推进剂贮箱工作压力稳定;测控的引入有功耗需求,并增大了系统体积和质量,不能进行独立的预包装设计。     

PID Controller Optimization by GA and Its Performances on the Electro-hydraulic Servo Control System

A proportional integral derivative （PID） controller is designed and attached to electro-hydraulic servo actuator system （EHSAS） to control the angular position of the rotary actuator which control the movable surface of space vehicles. The PID gain parameters are optimized by the genetic algorithm （GA）. The controller is verified on the new state-space model of servo-valves attached to the physical rotary actuator by SIMULINK program. The controller and the state-space model are verified experimentally. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the PID controller adaptive by GA to control the angular position of the rotary actuator as compared with the classical PID controller and the compensator controller.     

航空发动机神经网络自学习PID控制

将神经网络与传统的PID控制相结合,构成神经网络自学习PID控制,用神经网络在线整定PID控制器的比例、积分及微分三个参数,使被控对象跟踪理想参考模型的输出。该系统具有自学习能力,能适用于非线性、时变的被控对象。将神经网络自学习PID控制方法用于航空发动机全包线控制以及蜕化发动机的控制,进行了数字仿真,验证了该方法的有效性。     

FUZZY-PID在激光陀螺稳频控制中的应用研究

在分析环形激光陀螺光强控制系统原理的基础上 ,针对自行研制的激光陀螺 ( RLG)计算机稳频控制系统的情况 ,研究了 FUZZY- PID与常规 PID控制算法 ;介绍了一种应用模糊推理功能实现 PID参数自整定的控制器 ,它是在常规 PID调节器的基础上 ,采用模糊推理思想 ,根据不同的 E和 EC,对 PID参数 KP、KI、KD 进行在线自整定的模糊控制器。仿真结果表明 :系统的动、静态性能都符合指标 ,该算法是实现激光光强控制进而完成激光频率控制较理想的控制算法。     

Heat transfer behaviors of some supercritical fluids:A review

Supercritical fluids(e.g., hydrocarbon fuels, water, carbon dioxide, and organic working medium, etc) have been recognized as working media to improve thermal efficiencies in power cycles and energy conversion, and have been used or selected as the working fluids in engineering fields such as aerospace, nuclear power, solar energy, refrigeration, geothermal energy, chemical technology, and so on. To better understand the interesting characteristic or abnormal behaviors of supercritical fluids, m...     

烟支重量控制系统的模糊PID控制器设计

针对传统的娴支重量控制系统响应速度慢、重量偏差大等问题,提出了烟支平均重量的模糊PID控制算法,给出了该算法的详细描述,控制器用平均重赶的偏差和变化率来维持一个恒定的输出烟支重量。仿真结果表明,该控制系统具有调整时间短、稳态误差小、超调量小,采用模糊PID控制器比采用传统的PID控制器可以得到更好的动态响应性能和控制精度。