面向飞机制造企业基于3D-PLM的快速工艺准备技术研究

为了有效解决飞机制造企业快速工艺准备的问题.提出了基于3D-PLM的快速工艺准备技术.分析了飞机制造工艺设计与管理及CAPP技术的应用现状,对飞机制造企业基于3D-PLM的工艺需求和特点进行了分析,提出了基于3D-PLM的快速工艺准备技术体系.     

现代飞机自动地形跟随系统控制律的研究

自动地形跟随系统是现代飞机低空突防系统的一个重要组成部分,在利用地形遮蔽以提高飞机生存能力的军事领域具有重要的意义.本文以飞机纵向地形跟随控制系统为研究对象,应用适应角法设计了飞机纵向地形跟随控制律,并建立了相应的结构图和仿真验证模型.结果表明,设计的控制系统得到了良好的地形跟随效果.     

三次样条最佳地形跟随系统的研究

 本文用线性规划法取代二次规划法以实现三次样条最佳航迹的计算,简化了约束条件,且能在原有飞行自动控制系统基础上设计航迹自动跟踪系统,从而大大地减少计算工作量,使得原来无法实现的Funk及Kelly等人的三次样条最佳地形跟随方案十分接近于实时实现条件。混合仿真结果表明。6370m长的最佳航迹可于14.6 s内算完,而飞机飞过这段航迹要用20 s,且这种算法可以保证飞过高度变化范围达1000 m的地形,地形跟随系统的实际高度与参考值的误差不超过10 m,最大法向过载在0～3 g之闻,满足了当前地形跟随系统的基本技术要求。     

地形跟踪/地形回避飞行器航迹优化

提出了一种新的地形跟踪／地形回避（ＴＦ／ＴＡ）飞行器透迹优化方法,该方法将地形、威胁和障碍综合在一起用特定的地形模型来描述,并通过将地形模型与飞行器运动方程有机结合,使有约束最优控制问题转化为无约束最优控制问题,最后利用极大值原理给出了航迹优化算法,算法生成的航透既能以给定的高度跟踪地形又能自动回避危险和障碍物。     

超低空突防中地形跟随/回避技术

 由于防空武器日臻完善,中、高空突防已不可取。但超低空突防,则因地形遮断,地杂波影响,地面雷达很难发现超低空目标。又由于目标太近太快,很难跟踪瞄准,生存率很高。因之,最近二十年来,超低空突防技术日益得到重视和发展。目前已有地形跟随（TF.Terrain.Following）、地形回避（Terrain Avoidance）、地形匹配（Terrain Matching）、障碍回避（Obstacle Clearance）等技术。地形回避是不改变飞行高度高左右转弯从前方障碍中的空挡穿插过去的飞行技术。     

基于粗糙集理论的终端区飞机排序综合评判

针对日益增长的空中交通流量所带来的严重航班延误,提出了一种全新的终端区（TMA）飞机排序方法。在介绍粗糙集综合评判方法的评判过程基础上,建立了TMA飞机排序问题评判指标体系,进行了飞机排序综合评判过程的算例仿真。仿真结果表明,方法简单可行,能够客观得到各评判因素权重,并且与先到先服务（FCFS）排序方法比较,影响范围减少50%,累计延迟时间减少23%,说明方法排序结果优于FCFS排序结果。     

一种实用的地形回避/地形跟踪算法

给出了一套地形回避/地形跟踪算法,即动态规划法与线性规划算法,根据即时的飞行任务、地形数据、威胁区信息与天气情况等,可以实时在线地规划出有人驾驶或无人自主控制的飞行器的三维最优飞行轨迹。该算法与软件包在F-16战机的地形回避/地形跟踪系统的升级改造中得到了成功应用。     

面向飞机装配的物料配送管理技术研究

针对目前飞机装配所需的物料配送过程中存在的问题,提出了面向飞机装配的物料配送模式、任务模型,并引入物流管理部门——配送中心,对原有配送流程进行了优化重组,实现了物料由被动配送模式向主动配送模式的转变,最后设计开发了面向飞机装配的物料配送管理系统,实现了飞机装配所需物料的精益敏捷配送。     

用圆弧样条计算地形跟随技术中的期望航迹

从地形外形的采样数据设计飞机贴地飞行的期望航迹,然后由相应的最优控制器使飞机按此航迹飞行,这一地形跟随技术中的最优控制算法,日益得到重视和发展,并应用在综合地形跟随/回避技术中。 本文提出了采用圆弧样条计算期望航迹的方法,在几十种地形情况下进行了对比研究,证明是可行的。明显地减少了期望航迹计算的工作量,增加了系统实时计算的可能性。     

民机光触媒净化装置的光学设计

为有效去除民用飞机座舱中的挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds,简称VOCs),对一种新型飞机管路式光触媒净化装置中的光学部件进行了设计、仿真与优化。该光学部件是将置于导光板端面的紫外发光二极管(ultraviolet light-emitting diode,简称UV-LED)点光源转换为导光板面光源,以获得净化装置中均匀的光照。受限于净化装置的构型,导光板需设计为两端入光的窄长型结构,而如何获得均匀的面光源出光性能成为一大难题。为了解决这一难题,对该光学部件进行了合理的光学设计,并予以仿真。进而根据仿真结果对导光板上的网点分布作出优化,并获得了较好的面光源出光性能。     

基于系统工程的飞机系统架构设计过程

随着电子化和集成化程度越来越高,现代飞机系统架构设计中出现越来越多的综合性问题,业界提出了体系性的飞机系统架构设计要求,包括系统工程过程要求、适航条款对架构设计的约束要求、高安全性设计要求等,但缺乏规范的、可落实的飞机系统架构设计过程。针对这个问题,提出了"基于系统工程的飞机系统架构设计过程",并引入了多视角策略(功能视角、逻辑视角、物理视角),针对每个视角,给出了完整的架构设计过程描述和输入输出定义;横跨三个视角,定义了五条设计主线,包括需求主线、架构主线、行为主线、性能主线和安全性分析主线;在多视角的框架下,五条主线上的设计数据可以构成全局性的追溯网络,支持开展各项架构设计分析,并最终支持架构设计质量的提高。     

舰载机尾喷流降噪技术研究进展

为了防止舰载机的强大噪声严重危害航空母舰甲板上工作人员以及海军基地周边社区人群的健康,降低舰载机噪声始终是舰载机技术领域的重要研究课题之一。从舰载机噪声带来的影响和危害出发,阐述了尾喷流噪声在舰载机噪声中的核心地位,总结了舰载机尾喷流降噪技术的最新研究进展,提出了只有结合多种技术手段才能解决舰载机噪声问题。     

一种计算隐身飞行器外形RCS的高精度快速算法

针对目前隐身飞行器外形雷达散射截面(RCS)难以准确计算的问题,提出了一种基于目标外形几何特征和矩量法的飞行器RCS算法.通过对矩量法阻抗矩阵元的理论分析,研究了物面感应电流随散射体表面曲率的变化规律,指出感应电流之间的耦合已成为影响隐身飞行器物面电流分布的重要因素,并且指出根据飞行器物面曲率分布可以预知强的感应电流耦合区域,利用这些强的电流耦合能够组成稀疏化的阻抗矩阵,从而实现飞行器RCS的快速求解.以金属双弧柱和典型隐身飞机外形为例,分析验证了物面曲率几何信息对计算结果精度的影响以及在提高计算效率方面的作用.数值结果表明该方法保持了与传统矩量法基本一致的计算精度,但计算时间仅为矩量法的7.2%.     

A multi-agent based intelligent configuration method for aircraft fleet maintenance personnel

A multi-agent based fleet maintenance personnel configuration method is proposed to solve the mission oriented aircraft fleet maintenance personnel configuration problem. The mainte- nance process of an aircraft fleet is analyzed first. In the process each aircraft contains multiple parts, and different parts are repaired by personnel with different majors and levels. The factors and their relationship involved in the process of maintenance are analyzed and discussed. Then the whole maintenance process is described as a 3-layer multi-agent system （MAS） model. A com- munication and reasoning strategy among the agents is put forward. A fleet maintenance personnel configuration algorithm is proposed based on contract net protocol （CNP）. Finally, a fleet of 10 aircraft is studied for verification purposes. A mission type with 3 waves of continuous dispatch is imaged. Compared with the traditional methods that can just provide configuration results, the proposed method can provide optimal maintenance strategies as well.     

A ground and obstacle collision avoidance technique (GOCAT)

The need to provide aircrew with a timely warning of a dangerously close approach to the terrain is discussed, along with the benefits this capability is expected to provide and specific requirements that it must fulfil. The ground proximity warning techniques that are available are reviewed, and their benefits and limitations are assessed. The GEC Avionics Ground and Obstacle Collision Avoidance Technique (GOCAT) is described. The particular advantages of the GOCAT approach are identified. Because GOCAT uses a database of the terrain and obstacles around the aircraft it has a very low nuisance alarm rate but will always generate a warning when the aircraft is in a dangerous situation. Issues of parameter selection, search area definition and system limitations are examined. The results of a GOCAT simulation are presented. The system performance parameters are discussed, and database requirements are reviewed. The characteristics of a practical implementation for both civil and military applications are briefly stated     

On the stability of flexible aircraft

The problem of aircraft stability has been a subject of concern since the beginnings of flight. Traditionally, aircraft stability has been treated within the confines of two separate disciplines, namely, flight dynamics and aeroelasticity. Based on some recent developments in the dynamics and control of flexible aircraft, this investigation uses the system concept to provide a broader approach to aircraft stability in an attempt to bridge the gap between stability as understood in flight dynamics and stability as envisioned in aeroelasticity. To this end, stability is studied in the following four cases: 1) dynamics of whole flexible aircraft using the unified formulation, 2) flight dynamics of quasi-rigid aircraft (aircraft treated as rigid), 3) aeroelasticity of flexible components, such as cantilever wing, cantilever horizontal stabilizer, etc., and 4) aeroelasticity of restrained flexible aircraft (aircraft fixed to a point, hence, having no rigid body degrees of freedom). The paper also presents a method to address the stability of flexible aircraft when the compressibility correction factor is known only at some discrete Mach numbers.     

Decision-making of Aircraft Optimum Configuration Utilizing Multidimensional Game Theory

As multi-discipline coupling and components interference often affect the aircraft configuration decision-making and analysis during conceptual design process, this article presents an approach of multidimensional game theory based on aircraft components to deal with this problem. The idea is that the configuration decision-making process is regarded as the game for different disciplines and technologies, and the aircraft components are players. The payoff function with highest total gain means that according to the game protocols and multidimensional theory, the optimal aircraft configuration within the strategy set will be chosen. The decision-making model is applied to conceptual design process of the high altitude long endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on the assessment of technological risk. The obtained optimum configuration is quite consistent with the current HALE UAV development trends. Thus, taking into account the coupling and interference factors, the multidimensional gaming model based on aircraft components will be an effective analysis method in the decision-making process of aircraft optimum configuration.     

基于数字地图预处理的低空突防航迹规划

为保证飞行器能够实现所规划的航迹,研究了将地形及飞行器性能等信息融合构造虚拟地形表面的数字地图预处理方法,包括数据插值具体步骤和地形平滑处理方法。通过设计综合地形跟随、地形回避、威胁回避(TF/TA2)的目标函数,对最小威胁曲面进行转化,提高了实时航迹规划的速度,采用微分进化(DE)优化算法,实现了三维TF/TA2最优实时航迹规划。仿真结果表明,此地图预处理和实时航迹规划算法是有效可行的。     

An investigation on adaptively machining the leading and tailing edges of an SPF/DB titanium hollow blade using free-form deformation

Titanium hollow blades are characterized with lightweight and high structural strength, which are widely used in advanced aircraft engines nowadays. Superplastic forming/diffusion bonding (SPF/DB) combined with numerical control (NC) milling is a major solution for manufacturing titanium hollow blades. Due to the shape deviation caused by multiple heat and pressure cycles in the SPF/DB process, it is hard to manufacture the leading and tailing edges by the milling process. This paper presents a new adaptive machining approach using free-form deformation to solve this problem. The actual SPF/DB shape of a hollow blade was firstly inspected by an on-machine measurement method. The measured point data were matched to the nominal SPF/DB shape with an improved ICP algorithm afterwards, by which the point-pairs between the measurement points and their corresponding points on the nominal SPF/DB shape were established, and the maximum modification amount of the final nominal shape was constrained. Based on the displacements between the point-pairs, an accurate FFD volume was iteratively calculated. By embedding the final nominal shape in the deformation space, a new final shape of the hollow blade was built. Finally, a series of measurement and machining tests was performed, the results of which validated the feasibility of the proposed adaptive machining approach.     

一种面向飞机族的结构优化方法

 飞机族是一组共享通用部件或子系统的、但性能或使用要求不同的相关飞机产品的集合。针对通用模块化飞机族结构优化问题,提出一种基于代理模型的二级优化方法。该方法将结构优化分为两个层次：通用模块结构优化层次和专用模块结构优化层次。这种方法不但流程简单,且各层次的设计变量和约束较少,并且专用模块优化层次之间具有独立性,易于实现并行设计。以某支线客机族的机翼结构优化问题为例,首先阐述飞机族结构优化模型,然后应用本文提出的二级优化方法求解支线客机族的机翼结构优化问题。优化结果表明该方法能成功解决飞机族的结构优化设计问题,能同时优化飞机族中各型号的结构参数。