Al2O3陶瓷蠕动进给超声磨削特性试验研究

在改装成的超声磨削机床上进行了陶瓷超声磨削与普通磨削的对比试验,以揭示蠕动进给超声磨削加工的磨削特性及其材料去除机理。结果表明:当超声振动方向与磨削进给方向相同时,超声振动所引起的抛磨作用非常显著,超声磨削的表面粗糙度比机械磨削的低;Al2O3陶瓷在一般条件下超声磨削的去除方式仍属于脆性断裂,以晶粒粉碎、穿晶断裂为主,但伴随有沿晶断裂、弹性划擦、塑性流动等现象。     

旋转超声振动端面磨削CFRP表面质量研究

以多向层铺树脂基碳纤维增强复合材料为研究对象,采用超声振动磨削和普通磨削对其表面加工质量进行了端面磨削试验研究.通过正交试验和单因素试验分析了各工艺参数对工件表面质量的影响规律,并由表面粗糙度及微观形貌进一步分析了磨削机理.试验结果表明:在超声磨削过程中提高主轴转速、减小进给速度,同时采用合适的切削深度和工具粒度,有助于获得高质量的加工表面;超声振动磨削和普通磨削后,工件表面均存在纤维丝断裂、剥离和凹坑等缺陷,超声振动磨削后的加工缺陷出现的程度和概率均较低,表面加工质量较好.     

纳米ZrO2陶瓷二维超声磨削温度影响因素分析

本文采用人工热电偶法,通过普通磨削和二维超声振动磨削的对比实验,回归分析了磨削深度、砂轮速度、工作台速度等磨削参数对纳米ZrO2陶瓷磨削温度的影响.别外对纳米ZrO2陶瓷这种非线性材料的磨削加工进行有限元仿真,比较实验测量数据与仿真结果,确定仿真分析对实际情况的指导作用.     

圆片刀超声切削Nomex蜂窝芯的切削力和表面质量研究

为了研究圆片刀加工参数对切削力和表面质量的影响,首先对圆片刀超声切削和普通切削的切削力进行了理论分析,在此基础上开展了圆片刀超声切削Nomex蜂窝芯试验,获得了进给速度、刀具转速和超声振幅对切削力的影响规律。进一步以蜂窝芯孔壁撕裂数量和长度作为加工表面质量的表征参数,定量研究了加工参数对于蜂窝芯表面质量的影响。试验结果表明:普通切削条件下,增大刀具转速和减小进给速度可以有效降低切削力;随着超声振幅的增大,切削力显著减小,相比普通切削,当超声振幅为35μm时,进给方向的切削力和刀具轴向的切削力分别减小53.1%和33.9%;切削力试验结果与理论分析结果一致。此外,Nomex蜂窝芯孔壁撕裂数量随着刀具转速的增大和进给速度的降低而减少,超声振动作用可以有效减少蜂窝芯孔壁撕裂的数量和长度。研究为圆片刀超声切削Nomex蜂窝芯的加工参数的选择提供参考。     

碳纤维陶瓷基复合材料的磨削加工研究进展

综述了磨削参数、纤维方向、不同加工方式以及其他因素对磨削力和表面质量的影响规律；总结了不同加工方式下的碳纤维陶瓷基复合材料的磨削机理；展望了碳纤维陶瓷基复合材料磨削加工的研究方向。     

不同材料超声振动磨削的磨削温度实验研究

本文采用人工热电偶测温方式,对纳米Al2O3陶瓷和普通45#钢进行了普通和超声振动下平面磨削磨削温度的测量.比较了相同磨削参数下超声和普通磨削温度的实验数据.实验结果显示:超声辅助磨削纳米氧化铝陶瓷时陶瓷表面磨削温度比普通磨削时低.但超声辅助磨削45#钢时其磨削温度与普通磨削情况下差别不大.     

超声振动磨削C/SiC复合材料的试验研究

采用电镀金刚石砂轮对CVI+PIP综合工艺制备的2.5D正交编织C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料进行了轴向超声振动平面磨削加工试验.通过对超声振动磨削与普通磨削的磨削力、磨削表面三维形貌及粗糙度的分析与测量,对C/SiC复合材料的加工工艺进行了研究.结果表明,磨削过程中材料去除方式以脆性去除为主,碳纤维损伤形式以纤维拉断、剥离...     

垂直磨削中磨削参数对磨削痕迹分布的影响

针对垂直磨削中磨削痕迹分布规律不明晰而使得磨削表面质量难以准确控制的问题,开展垂直磨削中磨削参数对磨削痕迹分布规律影响的研究。依据单颗磨粒磨削痕迹分布方程、仿真分析和探讨了砂轮转速、工件转速、进给速度、转速比和相移对磨削痕迹分布的影响,基于磨削参数对磨削痕迹分布和残留高度的影响,优选出了磨削痕迹分布相对合理的磨削参数组合,并进行磨削加工对比实验。结果表明,垂直磨削法中,磨削参数通过改变磨削痕迹的长度、间距、数量、位置关系和分布情况等影响磨削后工件的表面质量。其中,相移的大小会影响磨削痕迹的首尾相接与相互错开情况,直接决定着磨削纹理的形成与否,进而成为影响磨削后工件表面质量的关键因素;此外,尽管磨削参数中工件转速相差很小,但磨削痕迹分布状况会出现显著的差异,进而导致工件表面纹理和破碎情况显著不同及表面粗糙度Ra存在59~125 nm的差距。因此,基于磨削参数对磨削痕迹分布的影响,合理的匹配磨削加工参数可大幅提高工件表面质量。     

DD5镍基单晶高温合金缓进磨削力和温度实验研究

涡轮叶片榫齿缓进磨削过程热力载荷效应对成型表面质量具有重要影响。基于实验研究磨削参数对DD5 单晶高温合金磨削力和温度的影响规律,分析缓进磨削力和温度形成机理,构建 DD5 缓进磨削力、温度与磨削工艺参数的映射模型并进行验证。结果表明：DD5 缓进磨削深度对磨削力和磨削温度的影响最为显著,砂轮线速度次之,工件进给速度对其影响最小;随着砂轮线速度的增大,磨削力降低、磨削温度升高;随着工件进给速度和磨削深度的增大,磨削力和磨削温度均呈升高趋势;满足材料去除速率的前提下提高工件进给速度并降低磨削深度,可以避免 DD5 磨削表面出现较大的磨削热力耦合影响层。     

半球陀螺谐振子超声旋转磨削加工关键技术研究

针对Al2O3陶瓷材料半球陀螺谐振子的难加工性,基于超声旋转磨削加工技术研究了其加工过程关键技术,包括超声振动频率选取,刀具结构参数和切削力对谐振子加工影响,以及壁厚均匀性加工.通过模态分析确定超声振动频率;建立了刀具结构参数与薄壁壳体加工表面质量之间数学模型;利用有限元软件研究在切削力作用下谐振子受力变化情况;并分析...     

Grinding force and surface quality in creep feed profile grinding of turbine blade root of nickel-based superalloy with microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels

Creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms of single crystal nickel-based superalloy was conducted using microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels in the present study. The grinding force and the surface quality in terms of surface topography, subsurface microstructure, microhardness and residual stress obtained under different grinding conditions were evaluated comparatively. Experimental results indicated that the grinding force was influenced significantly by the competing predominance between the grinding parameters and the cross-sectional root workpiece profile. In addition, the root workpiece surface, including the root peak and valley regions, was produced with the large difference in surface quality due to the nonuniform grinding loads along the root workpiece profile in normal section. Detailed results showed that the surface roughness, subsurface plastic deformation and work hardening level of the root valley region were higher by up to 25%, 20% and 7% in average than those obtained in the root peak region, respectively, in the current investigation. Finally, the superior parameters were recommended in the creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms. This study is helpful to provide industry guidance to optimize the machining process for the high-valued parts with complicated profiles.     

二维超声磨削纳米陶瓷的磨削温度特性研究

采用人工热电偶法,通过普通磨削和二维超声振动磨削对比实验,对纳米ZrO2陶瓷材料平面磨削温度进行了实验研究,并对磨削参数与磨削温度的关系,进行了理论分析及实验验证。     

Research on Ultrasonic Vibration Grinding of the Hard and Brittle Materials

It is well known that grinding techniques are main methods to machine hard and brittle materials such as engineering ceramics. But the conventional grinding has many shortcomings such as poorer surface finish,quicker wear and tear of grinding tools,lower effi-ciency and so on. Ultrasonic vibration grinding (UVG) which combines ultrasonic machining and grinding emerged as a developing and promising technique in recent years. In this paper,experimental studies on UVG were conducted on several kinds of hard and brittle material by altering processing parameters such as vibration frequency and its amplitude,diamond abrasive grit size,cutting depth,feeding speed and rotary speed of tools. The experimental results show that alteration in any of above mentioned parameters will bring effects on the processed surface finish of these materials. Of them,the diamond abrasive grit size has the greatest. Moreover,conven-tional grinding experiments were also carried out on these materials. By comparison,it was found that the UVG is superior to the con-ventional method in terms of the ground surface quality,the working efficiency and the wear rate of tools.     

Vibration coupling effects and machining behavior of ultrasonic vibration plate device for creep-feed grinding of Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding(UVAG) is an effective and promising method for machining of hard-to-cut materials. This article proposed an ultrasonic vibration plate device enabling the longitudinal full-wave and transverse half-wave(L2T1) vibration mode for UVAG.The characteristics of two-dimensional coupled vibration in different directions were analyzed on the basis of apparent elastic method and finite element method. Furthermore, a correction factor was applied to correct the freque...     

难加工材料缓进给磨削加工表面完整性的试验研究

 利用X射线应力仪、显微硬度计、俄歇电子能谱仪、扫描电镜和金相显微镜系统地研究了难加工材料缓进给磨削的表面完整性,讨论了表面粗糙度、冷作硬化、残余应力及其分布、表面层元素的分布以及试件的疲劳性能。 试验表明,缓进给磨削的表面完整性优于铣削和普通磨削。     

缓磨烧伤过程的计算机仿真研究

在关于缓磨时的磨削热 ,接触弧区换热过程以及工件表层非稳态温度场的深入研究的基础上 ,构造了一可用于计算缓磨烧伤前后工件表层温度场畸变历程的数学模型 ,并据此完成了关于缓磨烧伤过程的计算机仿真研究 ,仿真结果与实际吻合良好 ,它率先阐明了缓磨烧伤的热机理并且证明了缓磨烧伤是一具有明显前兆特征的典型渐变过程     

航空发动机叶片叶缘随形磨抛刀路规划

航空发动机叶片是整机核心零件,其制造量占到30%以上。叶片叶缘具有大弯扭复杂曲面、薄壁圆角半径微小渐变、精度要求苛刻等特征,末端工序磨抛的精度和品质直接决定整机的性能与寿命。人工仍然是叶片叶缘磨抛的主要手段,然而粉尘危害健康、经验依赖性强、零件一致性差等不足决定了自动化磨抛是必然趋势。叶片叶缘自动化磨抛多采用砂轮横磨或纵磨的刀路规划方式,存在刀路不连续且分行密集、力控制困难等不足,易造成叶缘局部过切,难以保证圆角轮廓创成。为此,建立了砂带包络叶缘的螺旋进给力控磨抛工艺,提出了面族与复杂曲面高阶切触的随形磨抛路径规划方法,实现了叶片叶缘的宽行高效磨抛。首先对叶缘区域进行横磨刀路规划,然后依照圆弧拟合曲线原理进行高阶切触式包络段再规划,最后进行横纵混合磨抛路径规划实现螺旋式连续进给。针对航空发动机叶片开展仿真和实验验证,结果表明所提出的方法相比于传统的横磨或纵磨方法,可将刀触点减少78.8%,轮廓精度由-0.06~+0.07 mm提高到-0.015~+0.05 mm,表面粗糙度由R_a>3.2 μm提高到0.175 μm,并且有效保证了叶缘轮廓形状,避免了过切现象。     

加工工艺对C/ SiC 复合材料性能的影响

采用普通磨削和超声辅助磨削工艺对C/Si C复合材料进行加工,对不同加工工艺参数获得的C/Si C复合材料进行表面状态表征及力学性能的测试。结果显示在磨削深度0.05 mm,进给速度600 mm/h,转速1 600 r/min,超声频率14 k Hz的工艺参数匹配条件下,所得到的C/Si C复合材料的表面粗糙度最小,弯曲强度最大。表明超声辅助磨削加工工艺对材料力学性能损伤较小。     

Grindability and Surface Integrity of Cast Nickel-based Superalloy in Creep Feed Grinding with Brazed CBN Abrasive Wheels

The technique of creep feed grinding is most suitable for geometrical shaping, and therefore has been expected to improve effectively material removal rate and surface quality of components with complex profile. This article studies experimentally the effects of process parameters (i.e. wheel speed, workpiece speed and depth of cut) on the grindability and surface integrity of cast nickel-based superalloys, i.e. K424, during creep feed grinding with brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasive wheels. Some important factors, such as grinding force and temperature, specific grinding energy, size stability, surface topography, microhardness and microstructure alteration of the sub-surface, residual stresses, are investigated in detail. The results show that during creep feed grinding with brazed CBN wheels, low grinding temperature at about 100 °C is obtained though the specific grinding energy of nickel-based superalloys is high up to 200-300 J/mm³. A combination of wheel speed 22.5 m/s, workpiece speed 0.1 m/min, depth of cut 0.2 mm accomplishes the straight grooves with the expected dimensional accuracy. Moreover, the compressive residual stresses are formed in the burn-free and crack-free ground surface.