一种低迟滞低磨损的指尖密封型线构形的研究

针对迄今指尖密封多目标性能优化研究中存在的难以实现迟滞性能和磨损性能同步改善的问题,通过引入Stackelberg对策理论,并将指尖密封型线构形作为优化"元素",构建了指尖密封迟滞性能和磨损性能优化的Stackelberg模型.在正向Stackelberg主从对策机制下,采用基于有限元仿真和BP神经网络的遗传算法在Stackelberg系统主从层面上实现了指尖密封性能的可控优化,获得了具有低迟滞低磨损性能的"上凹"构形指尖密封型线.有限元仿真分析合理地解释了"上凹"型线指尖密封具有较好性能的原因,表明"上凹"型线指尖密封具有良好的应用前景.      

应用博奕理论的多目标分布式气动优化设计

应用博奕理论研究了最优气动外形优化设计方法。采用的基本的优化器为基于控制理论的约束优化设计方法,通过引入标量伴随变量来执行约束条件,进而将上面的方法和对策论结合起来处理多目标翼型优化设计问题,根据各种不同的气动标准(可以是互为冲突的)来优化翼型形状。在对称Nash策略中,每一个“player”都力图优化自己的目标,而Nash平衡则提供了多个目标之间的一种解。不同的翼型分裂和设计算例表明了本文虚拟和真实Nash竞争策略在多目标翼型优化设计中的能力。成功的设计结果表明了本文方法的有效性。     

考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用的指尖密封瞬态性能分析

针对已有指尖密封性能分析工作中未考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用使得指尖密封的理论分析与工程实际有较明显差距的问题,建立了考虑泄漏间隙中有压流体作用的指尖密封性能分析模型,对是否考虑泄漏间隙中有压流体作用的指尖密封性能差异进行了比较分析.研究结果表明:指尖密封性能分析工作需要考虑泄漏间隙有压流体的作用.考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用指尖密封的泄漏率较不考虑有压流体作用的泄漏率最大增加了234.7%,且有压流体作用使指尖密封泄漏率随转速增加的趋势更加显著.      

耦合均衡论和隐式约束伴随方法的翼型气动多目标优化设计

通过耦合Nash竞争对策和伴随方法来研究气动多目标优化问题,其中对策论是描述现实世界中包含有矛盾、冲突、对抗、合作等诸因素的数学模型的数学理论与方法。将对策论的方法应用于互为冲突的多目标气动优化设计中,寻找各冲突目标之间的平衡解。计算结果表明：Nash均衡论可以很好地处理多目标优化问题,并且能自然地运用于并行环境。     

“定制”与“广义”概念下的指尖密封结构优化

 为了获得高性能的指尖密封结构型式，根据指尖密封的结构组成特点，提出了“定制”型线和“广义”型线概念下的指尖密封结构优化策略，以及反映指尖密封基本组成特征和具有“单元叠加”功能的最小优化单元。通过采用统一优化法和分步优化法对两类指尖密封结构的多目标优化问题进行了优化分析，研究结果表明，“定制”型线指尖密封结构优化和 “广义”型线指尖密封结构优化的策略和方法，可以达到同步降低指尖密封迟滞率和综合刚度的多目标优化目标，是获得具有良好综合性能的指尖密封结构的有效途径。从工程意义上讲，“广义”型线指尖密封结构优化技术更具选择指尖密封性能优化取向和程度的优势。     

基于模糊理论的跳跃轨迹多目标优化设计

针对探月返回跳跃轨迹的多目标优化设计问题,提出了一种基于模糊理论的优化设计方法,并对非线性隶属度函数对优化结果的影响进行了研究.首先,将连续的无限维优化问题进行离散化,转化为非线性规划问题;其次,用隶属度函数将各个子目标进行模糊化,将多目标优化问题转化为求模糊判决隶属度函数的最大值问题;最后,求解经过模糊化的非线性规划问题.分析了探月返回跳跃轨迹的特性,表明模糊多目标优化更能体现决策者的偏好.构造了具有不同凹凸性、不同形状的非线性隶属度函数,比较了它们对优化结果的影响,结果表明隶属度函数影响多目标模糊优化结果的首要因素是隶属度函数的凹凸性.     

周向收敛型动压式指尖密封的结构优化及其动态性能仿真

周向收敛型动压式指尖密封是一种可用于航空发动机的非接触式柔性气封.根据周向收敛型动压式指尖密封的工作性能要求,提出密封性能优化数学模型.采用人工神经网络和遗传算法相结合的优化方法,通过建立反向传播(BP)神经网络确定设计变量与目标函数之间的隐含关系,再利用遗传算法对周向收敛型动压式指尖密封进行结构参数优化,获得了性能较...     

基于Nash均衡与进化计算的协调航迹规划

在对策论框架下研究多无人飞行器的协调航迹规划问题,提出了一种基于Nash平衡和进化计算的航迹规划算法.协调航迹规划是一个多目标合作优化问题,也是一个非合作对策问题.飞行器编队的分布结构提供了一种隐性偏好信息,有助于找到飞行器编队的最优协调航迹和最优飞行代价分配.本文算法使用特定的航迹个体表示方法和进化算子,按照层次方法处理各种航迹约束.不同飞行器间的协同和竞争关系定义在航迹评价函数里.仿真结果验证了基于博弈论航迹规划算法的可行性和优越性.     

基于有限元仿真的指尖密封准动态性能分析方法

指尖密封性能的量化表达和计算效率一直是设计人员关心的问题。针对指尖密封的工作特点,对其泄漏机理和磨损特性进行了分析。基于有限元分析构建了指尖密封性能量化表达的准动态性能模型,解决了理论设计中磨损和泄漏特性难以计算和计算工作量较大的问题。采用该方法的研究结果表明环境温度升高到300℃时,泄漏率较之27oC条件下降低了65%,磨损率升高了约4%;指尖片厚度从0.1mm增加到0.5mm时,泄漏率降低了70%,磨损率升高了28%;同时指尖曲梁个数、转子转速和压差对指尖密封性能同样具有重要影响。分析初步表明,提出的计算方法能够较好地反映指尖密封实际动态特性,为指尖密封性能设计提供了快捷高效计算方法。     

动压式指尖密封工作状态及其影响的流固耦合分析

建立了动压式指尖密封流固耦合的模型和计算方法,对转子起动时该密封的工作状态进行了流固耦合仿真;研究了泄漏率、耦合面径向力随时间的变化情况;提出了稳态下评价该密封性能的参数——泄漏率和耦合面径向力;分析了工况条件及流层参数对性能参数的影响.研究发现:转子起动至稳定阶段时,泄漏率迅速减少达到稳定状态,耦合面径向力达到最大值后有所降低并最终趋于稳定,满足密封低泄漏、非接触的工作要求.该工作为开展动压式指尖密封性能优化奠定了基础.      

Dynamic performance of a C/C composite finger seal in a tilting mode

The complex operating state of aeroengines has an impact on the performance of finger seals.However,little work has been focused on the issue and the dynamic performance of finger seals is also rarely studied.Therefore,a distributed mass equivalent model considering working conditions is proposed in this paper for solving the existing problems.The effects of the fiber bundle density and the preparation direction of the fiber bundle of a C/C composite on the dynamic performance of a finger seal are investigated in rotor tilt based on the proposed model.The difference between the C/C composite finger seal performances under the rotor precession and nutation tilt cases is also investigated.The results show that the fiber bundle density and the preparation direction of the fiber bundle have an influence on the dynamic performance of the finger seal as rotor tilt is considered,and the dynamic performance of the finger seal is different in the two kinds of tilting modes.In addition,a novel method for design of finger seals is presented based on the contact pressure between finger boots and the rotor.Finger seals with good leakage rates and low wear can be acquired in this method.     

Dynamic analysis of C/C composite finger seal

A seal device as an important component of aeroengines has decisive influence on per- formance, reliability, and working life of aeroengines. With the development of aeroengines, demands on the performance characteristics of seal devices are made strictly. Finger seal as a novel kind of sealing device, recently attracts more and more attentions in academic circles and engineer- ing fields at home and abroad. Research on finger seals has been extensively developed, especially on leakage and wear performances under dynamic conditions. However, it is a pity that the work on finger seals has been limited with a single approach that is improving the performance by structural optimization; in addition, the technology of dynamic analysis on finger seals is weak. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, a distributed mass equivalent dynamic model of finger seals considering the coupling effect of overlaid laminates is established in the present paper, the dynamic perfor- mance of 2.5 dimension C/C composite finger seal is analyzed with the model, and then the effects of fiber bundle density and fiber bundle preparation direction on finger seal＇s dynamic performance are discussed, as well as compared with those of Co-based alloy finger seal. The current work is about dynamic analysis of finger seals and application of C/C composite in this paper may have much academic significance and many engineering values for improving research level of finger seal dynamics and exploring feasibility of C/C composite being used for finger seals.     

涡轮转子径向变形多目标协同稳健性优化

考虑到涡轮转子径向变形对涡轮叶尖径向间隙以及篦齿径向封严间隙的影响,提出涡轮转子径向变形多目标协同稳健性优化方法。利用基于Kriging模型的分布式协同响应面法(DCRSM)分别建立涡轮转子和涡轮篦齿的参数与径向变形间的响应面模型,并求解单目标下的稳健最优解。采用理想点法建立涡轮转子和篦齿径向变形多目标协同稳健性优化模型,并进行多目标协同稳健性优化求解。优化结果显示:提出的多目标协同稳健性优化方法与单目标稳健性优化方法相比涡轮转子和篦齿径向变形量的标准差分别降低了2.6%和4.9%。提出的方法为涡轮转子参数设定提供一定的参考。      

圆弧型指尖密封的几何构型特征及结构优化

对圆弧型指尖密封构型特征进行了分析,确定了型线圆弧半径与圆弧中心圆半径的关系及取值范围;建立了指尖密封低泄漏和低磨损的综合性能优化设计方法。优化算例表明:通过该优化设计方法可以得到满足一定工况条件的综合性能良好的圆弧型指尖密封结构。通过对设计变量的灵敏度分析发现,在圆弧型指尖密封设计变量中对综合性能影响程度从大到小依次为型线圆弧半径、指尖梁宽度角、指尖靴高、下游保护高度和密封片厚度。与渐开线型指尖密封比较,圆弧型指尖密封在低泄漏性能上更具优势。本文工作为深入研究圆弧型指尖密封以期获得适应于不同条件的、性能更优的指尖密封结构形式奠定了一定的基础。     

Effective control allocation using hierarchical multi-objective optimization for multi-phase flight

For different flight phases in an overall flight mission, different control and allocation preferences should be pursued considering lift, drag or maneuverability characteristics. The multi-objective flight control allocation problem for a multi-phase flight mission is studied. For an overall flight mission, different flight phases namely climbing, cruise, maneuver and gliding phases are defined. Firstly, a multi-objective control allocation problem considering drag, lift or control energy preference is constructed. Secondly, considering different control preferences at different flight phases, the analytic hierarchical process method is used to construct a comprehensive performance index from different objectives such as lift or drag preferences. The active set based dynamic programming optimization method is used to solve the real-time optimization problem. For the validation, the Innovative Control Effector (ICE) tailless aircraft nonlinear model and the angular acceleration measurements based adaptive Incremental Backstepping (IBKS) are used to construct the validation platform. Finally, an overall flight mission is simulated to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed multi-phase and multi-objective flight control allocation method. The results show that the comprehensive performance index for different phases, which are determined from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, can suitably satisfy the preference requirements for different flight phases.     

表面织构靴底流体动压指尖密封的性能分析

表面织构靴底流体动压指尖密封是本文提出的一种新型柔性气体密封。建立了具有圆形微坑表面织构靴底的指尖密封分析模型,采用流固耦合有限元数值计算方法,分析了不同工况和织构结构条件下表面织构靴底流体动压指尖密封的泄漏率、气膜承载力及气膜流场特征。结果表明具有圆形微坑织构靴底的指尖密封具有较低的泄漏率和较高的气膜承载力,通过与现有典型人字槽流体动压指尖密封和接触式指尖密封的性能对比,进一步说明了表面织构靴底指尖密封的综合性能优势。流体压差对表面织构靴底流体动压指尖密封的性能影响较大;压差较大时,适当增大微坑直径、减小微坑深度、采用均匀分布的微坑结构形式,有利于提高密封性能。本文工作为设计性能良好的指尖密封结构提供了一种新思路。