奢华是一种独到的品位——车展探秘星客特豪车

成功,是一种生活状态;从容,是一种处事的姿态;奢华,其实是一种高贵,一种独到的品位。星客特属美国STAR集团(客户之星)在中国境内成立的子公司,旗下产品专为精英人士打造,崇尚独到的品位,将奢华的尊崇演绎得淋漓尽致。无论设计、配件、用料与做工无一不彰显着其过人的身份及地位,主力车型福特E350铂金限量版更是如此,豪车的奥秘在其至上显露无疑。     

科技成果

达索公司推出延程型隼900LX公务机日前在日内瓦举行的2008年度欧洲公务航空展示会(EBACE)上,达索公司首次披露了该公司最新研制的     

迎接21世纪新的十年

2010年,将开启21世纪第二个十年。回首过去的十年,中国民航经历了一系列未曾预计到的挑战。首先是恐怖主义威胁。2001年的9.11事件,空前地将全世界的目光聚焦在恐怖主义对航空业的威胁上,世界民航业为此付出了惨重代价。对中国民航的影响要小一些,     

2009亚洲航展蓄势待发——访励展博览集团华东区副总裁李雅仪女士

[编者按]亚洲国际航空展览会暨论坛将于今年9月在香港举行,本届展会将延续以往的B2B模式,致力于为航空公司,飞机、发动机制造商及航空电子、机舱维修和物流等业内专业人员提供交流的平台.究竟本届亚洲航展的规模如何?有哪些值得我们关注的亮点?带着这些问题,本刊记者采访了主办单位励展博览集团华东区副总裁李雅仪女士.     

简讯

第48届巴黎航展开幕风雨中走过百年历程2009年6月15日,第48届巴黎国际航空航天展在巴黎布尔歇国际展览中心开幕。尽管开幕当天,天公不作美,下起了大雨,但     

百年灵新览

全新演绎的蒙柏朗小型计时腕表Montbrillant,首次搭载百年灵自主研制的高性能引擎——百年灵Caliber 01机芯,完美融合经典设计风格和顶级制表工艺。无论是经典的百年灵环形飞行滑尺,还是复古的大写字母B标志,蒙柏朗小型计时腕表Montbrillant每一处细节都散发着上世纪四、五十年代的经典气息,象征着百年灵在航空业和制表界的传奇。     

A-SMGCS中基于QNX平台的车载终端的设计研究

A-SMGCS 是用于保障机场场面安全的一种车载终端的设计研究。本文描述了终端的基本工作原理和组成;探讨了终端的软硬件总体设计;介绍了基于 QNX 嵌入式平台的电子地图设计。根据机场交通安全需求,提出了机场交通安全算法。     

航空航天运输系统用纳米复合材料的开发趋向

近年,不只是军用飞机,民用飞机结构材料中的以碳纤维为代表的先进复合材料也获得广泛的应用.图1为飞机结构重量中复合材料所占的百分比的变化情况.到1985年,复合材料所占的比重还没超过10%,但从B2、F-18E/F、V22的开发起,复合材料的百分比的确在持续增加,如在欧洲战斗机上占到45%,F-35也占到30%.在民用飞机上同样是这种趋势.     

以诚信为本打造测量精品——专访北京凝华实业有限公司常务副总裁李欲超

"最大限度满足顾客的需求",这一不变的信念伴随着北京凝华实业有限公司走过了13年的风风雨雨,如今,这个观念已经深入到企业经营理念和企业文化的方方面面,并不断通过业务流程的重组和人员区域化的设置,成为公司上下遵从的理念。此外,凝华的"诚信、卓越、责任、中兴"价值观将全体员工的心凝聚在一起,尽展个人才华。而对于公司的常务副总裁李欲超先生来说,思考更多的,则是公司的发展方向。     

An evolutionary computational framework for capacity-safety trade-off in an air transportation network

Airspace safety and airport capacity are two key challenges to sustain the growth in Air Transportation. In this paper, we model the Air Transportation Network as two sub-networks of airspace and airports, such that the safety and capacity of the overall Air Transportation network emerge from the interaction between the two. We propose a safety-capacity trade-off approach,using a computational framework, where the two networks can inter-act and the trade-off between capacity and safety in an Air Transport Network can be established. The framework comprise of an evolutionary computation based air traffic scenario generation using a flow capacity estimation module(for capacity), Collision risk estimation module(for safety) and an air traffic simulation module(for evaluation). The proposed methodology to evolve air traffic scenarios such that it minimizes collision risk for given capacity estimation was tested on two different air transport network topologies(random and small-world) with the same number of airports. Experimental results indicate that though airspace collision risk increases almost linearly with the increasing flow(flow intensity) in the corresponding airport network, the critical flow depend on the underlying network configuration. It was also found that, in general, the capacity upper bound depends not only on the connectivity among airports and their individual performances but also the configuration of waypoints and mid-air interactions among conflicts. Results also show that airport network can accommodate more traffic in terms of capacity but the corresponding airspace network cannot accommodate the resulting traffic flow due to the bounds on collision risk.     

基于功能脆弱性的空中交通相依网络流量分配

依据空中交通管理与航班运行规则,采用复杂网络理论构建由机场、航路与管制扇区组成的相依网络模型,建立不同扰动策略的影响规则,提出以网络流量熵和交通流损失比变化率为指标识别网络功能脆弱性。并以网络总流量熵最小为目标,建立基于改进遗传算法的网络流量协调分配策略,以降低空中交通相依网络的脆弱性。以民航华北地区空域为原型,发现了其相依网络脆弱性表现规律和脆弱源,采用遗传算法求解网络流量分配方案,优化结果降低了网络总熵值和功能脆弱性,其中机场网络流量分配后效果最为显著,验证了方法的有效性,研究结果可为空中流量管理决策提供一定的理论支撑。     

中欧枢纽机场航班协同放行需求与对策研究

随着中欧之间航空运输量的不断增加,中欧几个主要枢纽机场之间互飞的航班量增长迅速,从欧洲空中交通流量管理系统发展的经验来看,协调枢纽机场航班放行时间可以显著地减少空域拥挤,减少航班延误,提高航班的正常性和可预测性.尝试从分析中国北京首都机场等几大枢纽机场中欧之间航班飞行流量、起降时刻出发,从减少中国枢纽机场拥挤的角度分析中欧协同放行的必要性,从航班和机场信息共享、协同放行机制等角度分析其可行性,以期望为进一步加强中欧航空合作打下基础.由于时间和数据限制,研究无法从欧洲空管角度做出类似的分析.     

Measuring the resilience of an airport network

Resilience is the ability of a system to withstand and stay operational in the face of an unexpected disturbance or unpredicted changes. Recent studies on air transport system resilience focus on topology characteristics after the disturbance and measure the robustness of the network with respect to connectivity. The dynamic processes occurring at the node and link levels are often ignored. Here we analyze airport network resilience by considering both structural and dynamical aspects. We develop a simulation model to study the operational performance of the air transport system when airports operate at degraded capacity rather than completely shutting down. Our analyses show that the system deteriorates soon after disruptive events occur but returns to an acceptable level after a period of time. Static resilience of the airport network is captured by a phase transition in which a small change to airport capacity will result in a sharp change in system punctuality. After the phase transition point, decreasing airport capacity has little impact on system performance. Critical airports which have significant influence on the performance of whole system are identified, and we find that some of these cannot be detected based on the analysis of network structural indicators alone. Our work shows that air transport system’s resilience can be well understood by combining network science and operational dynamics.     

Air route network optimization in fragmented airspace based on cellular automata

Air route network optimization,one of the essential parts of the airspace planning,is an effective way to optimize airspace resources,increase airspace capacity,and alleviate air traffic con gestion.However,little has been done on the optimization of air route network in the fragmented airspace caused by prohibited,restricted,and dangerous areas (PRDs).In this paper,an air route network optimization model is developed with the total operational cost as the objective function while airspace restriction,air route network capacity,and non-straight-line factors (NSLF) are taken as major constraints.A square grid cellular space,Moore neighbors,a fixed boundary,together with a set of rules for solving the route network optimization model are designed based on cellular automata.The empirical traffic of airports with the largest traffic volume in each of the 9 flight information regions in mainland China is collected as the origin-destination (OD) air port pair demands.Based on traffic patterns,the model generates 35 air routes which successfully avoids 144 PRDs.Compared with the current air route network structure,the number of nodes decreases by 41.67％,while the total length of flight segments and air routes drop by 32.03％ and 5.82％ respectively.The NSLF decreases by 5.82％ with changes in the total length of the air route network.More importantly,the total operational cost of the whole network decreases by 6.22％.The computational results show the potential benefits of the model and the advantage of the algorithm.Optimization of air route network can significantly reduce operational cost while ensuring operation safety.     

机场协同决策的应用历史与研究趋势综述

机场协同决策可以有效提升机场的运行效率,进而提升整个民航运输网络的运行效率。本文查阅整理了机场协同决策的相关标准、政策文件与研究论文,梳理了机场协同决策的发展历程以及国内外学界业界有关协同决策的研究及应用现状;分析讨论了机场协同决策未来的发展趋势与当前时期协同决策所面临的挑战;同时基于我国的实际情况,给出了一些机场协同决策的发展建议;总结了机场协同决策的理论与应用价值以及协同决策在我国面临的问题与挑战。本文研究可以为提升机场与整个航空交通网络的运行效率与经济效益提供理论支撑和依据。     

基于地面等待策略的航班时刻规划方法

地面等待是空中交通管理中普遍应用的一种方法。根据机场实际容量的约束,从地面等待策略的思想提出了航班时刻规划专家系统,即通过修改航班时刻表中高峰时段的航班,以达到平滑交通流量的目的。最后根据全国航班时刻表,选择了10个主要的繁忙机场进行了仿真计算,验证了方法的实用性。     

首都机场飞行流量的灰色区间预测

首都机场是中国航班最为密集的机场之一,科学准确地预测飞行流量的发展趋势,是首都机场各级决策部门制定发展规划的重要依据。区间预测相对于以往的单一值预测而言,能更好地反应出飞行流量的长期发展趋势,为辅助决策提供了一定的选择余地。针对飞行流量的长期预测存在影响因素较多、相关数据不足等特点,提出了以GM(1,N)模型为基础的灰色区间预测新模型,该模型利用指数回归模型得出的地区GDP的长期预测值,预测出年飞行流量未来的取值区间。通过对首都机场年飞行流量的仿真计算,说明该模型能够较好地显示出飞行流量的发展趋势。     

Percolation transition in temporal airport network

The air transportation system has a critical impact on the global economy. While the system reliability is essential for the operational management of air traffic, it remains challenging to understand the network reliability of the air transportation system. This paper focuses on how the global air traffic is integrated from local scale along with operational time. The integration process of air traffic into a temporally connected network is viewed as percolation process by increasing the integration time constantly. The critical integration time T_P which is found during the integration process can measure the global reliability of air traffic. The critical links at T_P are also identified, the delay of which will influence the global integration of the airport network. These findings may provide insights on the reliability management for the temporal airport network.     

基于复杂网络的国际航空客运网络结构分析

以2003—2006年国际航空旅客运输量和流向为数据构建,通过可视化软件和复杂网络的理论和方法,对以国家/地区为节点所组成的国际航空客运网络结构进行研究。以平均路径长度、簇系数、度分布和中心性等网络结构特征指标为依据,分析了国际航空客运网络结构特点和中国航空客运在网络结构中的结构特征。