用子系统阻抗分析法确定转子-弹性阻尼支承系统的临界转速

近二十年来,航空燃气涡轮发动机转子系统的弹性支承设计已逐步取代了早期的刚性支承设计。采用弹性阻尼支承结构的目的是调频与减振。为此,支承与转子的动态特性参数必须有良好的匹配,这就需要进行大量的计算与试验。机械阻抗分析法是预示转子—弹性阻尼支承系统的临界转速及其减振特性的简便有效的手段。 本文在国外关于转子支承系统临界转速的阻抗分析法的基础上,提出转子在与支座交联点上假设阻抗的子系统阻抗分析法,有效地解决双弹性阻尼支承的转子系统临界转速的预示。 给出一系列交联点上的假设阻抗值,由转子子系统的频率方程求得转子子系统相应的共振频率特性。弹性阻尼支座的位移阻抗特性可由计算或试验确定。在平面直角座标系中,转子子系统与支座子系统的特性曲线交点,便是整个系统的共振频率。文中还提出了由曲线图确定共振频率的简易方法。     

基于主动润滑可倾瓦轴承转子系统的振动主动控制

研究一类可倾瓦支承的单盘非对称转子系统的振动主动控制问题.首先建立了系统的非线性动力学方程,针对主动润滑控制系统设计了BP神经网络PID控制器对转子系统进行振动主动控制.通过计算分析可知,采用基于BP-PID的主动润滑系统能够很好的抑制系统的振幅,使系统在很高的转速时才发生油膜失稳,拓宽转子系统稳定运转的转速范围,在转...     

基于复模态模型修正方法的磁悬浮轴承支承参数识别

针对较大阻尼的磁轴承-转子系统,采用复模态模型修正技术,识别其支承刚度和阻尼参数.结合通用有限元软件NASTRAN与工程软件MATLAB,以实际磁轴承-转子系统为例,应用复模态实验数据识别得到了转子悬浮静止时磁轴承的刚度和阻尼参数,使得修正后有限元计算与实验数据之间的频率相对误差在10%以内,阻尼比相对误差也得到改善.研究表明,所提出的基于复模态的模型修正方法对具有较大阻尼的磁轴承支承刚度和阻尼参数识别是非常有效的.     

弹性支承对滑动轴承转子系统动力稳定性的影响

研究了弹性支承对滑动轴承支承的非线性转子动力系统的动力稳定性影响和减振特性。首先建立了滑动轴承—转子非线性动力系统和弹性支承—滑动轴承—转子非线性动力系统的力学模型,在油膜力非线性的情况下,分析了系统的动力稳定性,通过对比具有弹性支承的滑动轴承转子系统和刚性支承的滑动轴承转子系统的响应,表明:弹性支承的加入,有效地提高了系统运动稳定性。     

被动式电磁阻尼器对磁悬浮转子系统不平衡响应的影响

采用被动式电磁阻尼器控制磁悬浮轴承转子系统振动.首先,设计了一个被动式电磁阻尼器,可以通过电流变化控制阻尼力.然后,基于通用有限元软件NASTRAN,对磁悬浮轴承转子系统分析了不同阻尼下的不平衡响应仿真.最后通过系统高速旋转实验,研究了不同阻尼器控制参数下该系统的不平衡响应.仿真与试验结果表明,增加被动式电磁阻尼器能够改善系统的动态性能并降低转子的不平衡振动,使转子成功越过一阶弯曲临界转速15 600 r/min,稳定运行在21 000 r/min.     

鼓形环油膜特性阻抗矢量分析

分析了鼓形环油膜特性,引用Ｄ．Ｃｈｉｌｄｓ和Ｈ．Ｍｏｅｓ等对柱形环油膜阻抗矢量分析方法,推导鼓形环油膜阻抗矢量,阀导出鼓形环油膜刚度和油膜阻尼的瞬时一般表达式。这为进一步研究具有鼓形环油膜的转子系统的动力稳定性问题提供了分析基础。     

时变支承刚度对分流传动系统振动特性的影响

基于集中质量法，考虑时变啮合刚度、综合传递误差和齿侧间隙等因素的影响，建立了圆柱齿轮分流传动系统的弯扭耦合动力学模型和方程。采用变步长Runge-Kutta法，对动力学方程进行了数值求解；通过引入滚动轴承的支承刚度计算模型，分析了时变支承刚度和非时变支承刚度对系统振动特性的影响。仿真结果表明：当按照时变支承刚度模型计算时，轴承的支承刚度会产生4%左右的波动，输出轴上的横向振动位移幅值增大了约5%；支承刚度的时变性使得系统的非线性增强，稳定性变差；支承刚度的时变特性对分扭级动载系数影响较大，对并车级动载系数影响较小。     

某小型高速转子临界转速分析

针对某一小型高速转子的实际结构，利用传递矩阵法计算了该转子在不同支承刚度条件下和不同跨度下的临界转速，分析了采用弹性支承与改变支点跨度对转子临界转速的影响。分析结果表明，由于小型转子本身结构特点和尺寸的限制，航空发动机中经常采用的弹性支承（加挤压油膜）结构措施，在小型转子中的应用将会遇到很多困难；而在条件许可下，利用改变支点跨度来调整临界转速是行之有效的     

带缘板阻尼块涡轮叶片减振特性研究

以某型带缘板阻尼块涡轮叶片为对象,采用二维整体-局部统一滑动模型,编制涡轮叶片振动响应分析程序。在此基础上系统地计算不同参数时带缘板阻尼块叶片的振动响应,分析了正压力、外激励对减振效果的影响。算例分析表明:同一外激励下,存在一最佳正压力可以使系统减振效果比较好;正压力不变时,外激励幅值大小的变化对叶片减振效果有较大影响;另外阻尼块对叶片起到调频作用。     

一类约束阻尼结构动力学建模及其应用

结构系统的劝控制是改善航天器动态特性的重要途径，本文分析了利用约束阻尼结构进行了振动抑制的基本方法，讨论了约束阻尼结构的动力学特性和有限元模型，作为应用实例，本文将约束阻尼结构应用于某大型航天结构，对比附经前后结构的试验莫大记结果，作为一种被动振动控制方法，对航天结构抑制是有效和可行的。     

Dynamics Modeling and Numerical Analysis of Rotor with Elastic Support/Dry Friction Dampers

The elastic support/dry friction damper is a type of damper which is used for active vibration control in a rotor system.To establish the analytical model of this type of damper,a two-dimensional friction model-ball/plate model was proposed.By using this ball/plate model,a dynamics model of rotor with elastic support/dry friction dampers was established and experimentally verified.Moreover,the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper was studied numerically with respect to some variable parameters.The numerical study shows that the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper is closely related to the stiffness distribution of the rotor-support system,the damper location,the pressing force between the moving and stationary disk,the friction coefficient,the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk.In general,the damper should be located on an elastic support which has a large vibration amplitude in order to achieve a better damping performance,and the more vibration energy in this elastic support concentrates,the better performance of the damper will be.The larger the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk are,the better performance of the damper will be.There will be an optimal value of the friction force at which the damper performs best.     

采用磁流变阻尼器的直升机"地面共振"分析

针对磁流变阻尼器的非线性特性，采用能量法得到了磁流变阻尼器的等效线性阻尼。建立了机体平面二自由度和刚性桨叶的“地面共振”分析模型，得出了直升机“地面共振”的稳定性区域。通过分析计算可以得出，磁流变阻尼器能在不同情况下提供“地面共振”所要求的阻尼，达到抑制“地面共振”的目的。     

Optimizing Control for Rotor Vibration with Magnetorheological Fluid Damper

The aim of this work is to analyze and design a control system for vibration reduction in a rotor system using a shear mode magnetorheological fluid （MRF） damper. A dynamic model of the MRF damper-rotor system was built and simulated in Matlab/Simulink to analyze the rotor vibration characteristics and the vibration reduction dfeet of the MRF damper. Based on the numerical simulation analysis, an optimizing control strategy using pat- tern search method was proposed and designed. The control system was constructed on a test rotor bench and ex- periment validations on the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy were conducted. Experimental results show that rotor vibration caused by unbalance can be well controlled whether in resonance region （70~） or in non- resonance region （30 ~）. An irregular vibration amplitude jump can be suppressed with the optimization strategy. Furthermore, it is found that the rapidity of transient response and efficiency of optimizing technique depend on the pattern search step. The presented strategies and control system can be extended to multi-span （more than two or three spans） rotor system. It provides a powerful technical support for the extension and application in target and control for shafting vibration.     

Effects of Tightening Torque on Dynamic Characteristics of Low Pressure Rotors Connected by a Spline Coupling

A rotor dynamic model is built up for investigating the effects of tightening torque on dynamic characteristics of low pressure rotors connected by a spline coupling.The experimental rotor system is established using a fluted disk and a speed sensor which is applied in an actual aero engine for speed measurement.Through simulating calculation and experiments,the effects of tightening torque on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system connected by a spline coupling including critical speeds,vibration modes and unbalance responses are analyzed.The results show that when increasing the tightening torque,the first two critical speeds and the amplitudes of unbalance response gradually increase in varying degrees while the vibration modes are essentially unchanged.In addition,changing axial and circumferential positions of the mass unbalance can lead to various amplitudes of unbalance response and even the rates of change.     

Identification of Magnetic Bearing Stiffness and Damping Based on Hybrid Genetic Algorithm

Identifying the stiffness and damping of active magnetic bearings(AMBs)is necessary since those parameters can affect the stability and performance of the high-speed rotor AMBs system.A new identification method is proposed to identify the stiffness and damping coefficients of a rotor AMB system.This method combines the global optimization capability of the genetic algorithm(GA)and the local search ability of Nelder-Mead simplex method.The supporting parameters are obtained using the hybrid GA based on the experimental unbalance response calculated through the transfer matrix method.To verify the identified results,the experimental stiffness and damping coefficients are employed to simulate the unbalance responses for the rotor AMBs system using the finite element method.The close agreement between the simulation and experimental data indicates that the proposed identified algorithm can effectively identify the AMBs supporting parameters.     

带有传动机构的翼段颤振半主动抑制

尝试了将磁流变阻尼器安装于机翼操纵面传动机构上的布局，并由此建立了非定常气动力下机翼-操纵面-传动机构的气动弹性动力学方程，利用on—off控制算法对系统进行颤振抑制，并且研究了控制延迟时间、控制电压以及阻尼器滞回宽度等参数对控制效果的影响。计算机仿真结果表明，控制延迟时间和控制电压对颤振临界速度有较明显的影响，而阻尼器的滞回宽度的影响不大，在本文的阻尼器安装布局和控制策略下，系统的颤振临界速度至少提高了17％。     

直升机双叶旋翼／旋翼轴系统耦合动稳定性分析和试验

研究了直升机双叶旋翼桨叶摆振与旋翼轴弯曲的耦合振动，分析了系统三个模态固有频率随转速增长的变化趋势。着重研究了耦合各模态中存在着不稳定区的模态，并讨论了桨右质量、旋摆振方向刚度、旋翼轴弯曲刚度对此模态不稳定区的影响。利用实物在组合台架上进行了试验，测量了旋翼，旋翼轴及其支持系统的动应变，找出了旋翼谐波激振力作用下的共振点，从而验证了上述分析结果。本文还通过改变系统参数，检验了系统固有频率的变化情况     

转速比对双转子系统非线性动力学特性影响

以航空发动机双转子系统为研究对象,考虑挤压油膜阻尼器以及中介轴承的非线性力,通过有限元法和固定界面模态综合法建立了双转子系统的耦合动力学模型。利用仿真计算分析了转速比对转子系统非线性响应特性的影响。研究表明:响应中能观察到较明显的交叉激振现象;响应中除了内外转子的不平衡激励频率之外,还出现了两者的组合频率,但不同转速比情况下的组合频率不同;同向旋转情况下的临界转速均不小于反向旋转;转速比对转子系统的轴心轨迹和运动的周期性有较大影响。最后,通过试验验证了本文建模和仿真结果的正确性。