共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 229 毫秒
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在地心引力场中,当目标航天器沿近圆轨道作无动力运动时,与目标航天器相邻的受控航天器相对于目标航天器的运动可以近似地用Hill方程描述。文章给出了受控航天器对目标航天器运动的推力加速度随时间线性变化时Hill方程的解析解。并根据Hill方程导出了受控航天器相对目标航天器运动的比动能方程。还讨论了比动能方程在上述两航天器轨道相遇和轨道交会问题中的应用。 相似文献
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针对空间失效卫星或废弃碎片转速过快,难以对其直接处理的问题,提出了一种基于刚体转动的连续小推力消旋方法。分析了轴对称消旋目标的运动特性,设计了消旋方法。将轴对称消旋目标的消旋方法推广到一般的消旋目标上,通过变换欧拉方程得到消旋目标各角速度分量的变化趋势和最终状态。通过一般消旋目标的仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性。结果表明:按给定顺序和方向施加单轴外力矩,能够有效降低消旋目标的转速。区别于传统的控制方法,最优控制方法需要精确测量消旋目标的实时状态信息,而分步消旋方法只需分辨角速度分量的正负,且控制力矩只需反向变化,推力器无需摆动,因此降低了对控制系统的要求。 相似文献
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李大耀 《运载火箭与返回技术》2000,21(2):59-63,67
在地心引力场中,当目标航天器沿近圆轨道作无动力运动时,与目标航天器相邻的受控航天器相对于目标航天器的运动可以近似地用Hill方程描述。文章给出了受控航天器对目标航天器运动的推力速度随时间线性变化时Hill方程的解析解。并根据Hill方程导出了受控航天上对目标航天器运动的比动能方程。还讨论了比动能方程在上述两航天器轨道相遇和轨道交会问题中的应用。 相似文献
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首先建立了采用任意浮动参考架时的柔性航天器动力学方程,然后选择连体坐标系为浮动参考架,解所得到的动力学方程的特征值问题,得到整个航天器系统的系统模态。通过模态变换,得到用连体系刚体位移和系统模态坐标表示的混合坐标航天器动力学方程。与通常采用部件模态得到的混合坐标动力学方程不同,这时动力学方程中刚体运动和弹性运动已无惯性耦合。同时也和采用系统自由弹性模态不同,这时刚体坐标直接反映航天器刚体运动。论文最后给出了两个算例。 相似文献
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以旋转失效卫星的消旋为研究背景,提出一种双重光流约束的特征点运动跟踪识别方法。该方法利用双目视觉,可实现对非合作旋转失效卫星的运动观测,并为机械臂消旋操作提供接触方案。首先,跟踪识别序列图像中稳定存在的特征点并记录其轨迹,采用频域分析的方法检测特征点轨迹的变化频率,从而获取目标旋转角速度,通过地面物理实验,验证所提目标运动观测的有效性;随后,利用特征点轨迹分析目标的运动包络与适宜接触区域,并根据目标运动特性和接触消旋的时间约束,给出完成消旋的接触强度约束,继而得到机械臂的操作性能需求,为接触式消旋的工程实践提供参考。 相似文献
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对失效航天器非接触式消旋领域内的研究成果进行了综述,梳理了非接触式消旋的特点,并聚焦于系统动力学模型、消旋方法和关键技术等方面。首次将非接触式消旋方法按照其作用机理分为电磁式消旋和冲击式消旋两类,并分别总结了其技术特点和适用的任务场景。而后针对消旋任务的实践需求,系统阐释了非接触消旋中制导与控制、高性能星载计算等关键技术。最后,面向复杂空间任务和智能化消旋操控的需求,提出了非接触式消技术中4个值得研究的问题和方向。有望为未来失效航天器在轨维护和非接触式消旋技术的发展提供借鉴和参考。 相似文献
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考虑欠驱动挠性航天器姿态控制问题,其中执行机构配置为两轴喷气和飞轮执行机构。提出了“喷气消旋+飞轮机动”的分段控制方法,其基本思想是:首先利用喷气推进执行机构使航天器整星角动量趋于零,为飞轮控制做准备;然后利用飞轮执行机构使航天器从任意姿态转向指定姿态并维持。针对“喷气消旋”,说明了提出的控制规律能够保证航天器角动量全局渐近收敛于任意小量;针对“飞轮机动”,证明了航天器全姿态具有大范围渐近稳定性;针对“喷气消旋+飞轮机动”的完整过程,采用扰动系统理论分析了闭环控制系统的大范围终端有界性。 相似文献
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Attitude dynamics of a dual-spin spacecraft (DSSC) and a torque-free angular motion of a coaxial bodies system are considered. Some regimes of the heteroclinic chaos are described. The local chaotization of the DSSC is investigated at the presence of polyharmonic perturbations and small nutation restoring/overturning torques on the base of the Melnikov method and Poincaré Maps. Reasons of the chaotic regimes initiation at the spinup maneuver realization are studied. An approach for the local heteroclinic chaos escape/avoidance at the modification of the classical spinup maneuver is suggested. 相似文献
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三轴稳定通信卫星在地球搜索模式下的陀螺标定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍三轴稳定通信卫星在转移轨道远地点点火前,在地球搜索模式下的陀螺标定方法和计算公式。此种陀螺标定需进行两次姿态机动,利用太阳敏感器和速率积分陀螺遥测数据标定陀螺的常值漂移。 相似文献
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The optimization problem for trajectories of spacecraft flight from the Earth to an asteroid is considered in this paper. The flight is realized in the central Newtonian gravitational field of the Sun with a possibility of gravitational maneuvers near planets. Perturbation maneuvers are taken into account using the method of point area of action with a limitation on the flyby altitude. The spacecraft is controlled by changing the value and direction of the engine thrust. The problem is solved taking into account constraints on the launch time, flight duration, and minimum distance to the Sun. 相似文献
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This paper introduces a novel Lyapunov-based adaptive control strategy for spacecraft maneuvers using atmospheric differential drag. The control forces required for rendezvous maneuvers at low Earth orbits can be generated by varying the aerodynamic drag affecting each spacecraft. This can be accomplished, for example, by rotating dedicated sets of drag panels. Thus, the relative spacecraft motion can be controlled without using any propellant since the motion of the panels can be powered by solar energy. A novel adaptive Lyapunov controller is designed, and a critical value for the relative drag acceleration that ensures Lyapunov stability is found. The critical value is used to adapt the Lyapunov controller, enhancing its performance. The method is validated using simulations. The results show that the Adaptive Lyapunov technique outperforms previous control strategies for differential drag based spacecraft maneuvering. 相似文献
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Nicholas L. Johnson 《Space Policy》1999,15(3):203
The geosynchronous orbital regime has long been recognized as a unique space resource, dictating special measures to ensure its continuing use for future generations. During the past 20 yr a variety of national and international policies have been developed to preserve this environment. A review of current practices involving the deployment and disposal of geosynchronous spacecraft, associated upper stages and apogee kick motors, and geosynchronous orbit transfer objects indicates both positive and negative trends. Most spacecraft operators are indeed performing end-of-mission maneuvers, but the boost altitudes normally fall short of policy guidelines. Russia, a major operator in geosynchronous orbit, maneuvers only 1 in 3 spacecraft out of the region, while China has never retired a spacecraft above GEO. The viability of voluntary protection measures for this regime depends upon the responsible actions of the aerospace community as a whole. 相似文献
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An important unresolved problem in the attitude and shape control of future large flexible spacecraft is the determination of appropriate locations throughout the flexible vehicle for placement of control system actuators. In a separate work a definition of the degree of controllability was generated for this purpose when the control objective was to return the spacecraft to the desired equilibrium configuration after any disturbance. In some potential space missions the objective will require angular slewing maneuvers of a flexible structure. The optimum actuator locations should be significantly different for this objective. In this paper, concepts of the degree of controllability of a control system for performing standard maneuvers are developed from basic physical considerations, and then numerical methods for generating the degree of controllability are developed. These results offer the control system designer a method of evaluating the effectiveness of candidate actuator distributions. The method is shown to take on a relatively simple form when spacecraft modal coordinates are used. 相似文献
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极坐标系连续常值推力机动分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
连续常值推力是空间飞行常用的轨道机动方式,在空间交会与星际航行使命中具有重要的应用价值。其中,小推力适合于地球轨道航天器交会机动,而切向或周向推力以及较大的正径向推力可用于脱离地球引力场的逃逸飞行,执行星际交会使命。应用常推力作用下的极坐标系质心运动方程,对机动推力的量值没有限制;在航天器交会应用中,对相对距离也无要求。这种方法可直接获得向径与速度等轨道参数随时间或极角(绕地心的转动角)的变化,便于分析轨道转移与逃逸运动,有助于飞行使命与运动轨迹的设计。特别是,若机动转移的初轨为圆轨道,在推力较小、飞行时间不长的情况下,应用无量纲形式运动方程,可获得具有工程应用价值的近似解。文章给出一些有关的结果与应用案例。 相似文献