维珍银河公布亚轨道游船设计

英国维珍银河公司1月23日公布了其亚轨道太空旅游飞船及其载机的设计.根据设计,未来想找刺激的人将可以乘坐一种漂亮的飞船到太空边缘观光旅游.称为"太空船二号"的飞船将挂载在庞大的"白骑士二号"双体载机下部升空.     

叶轮盖板侧的流动对离心泵泄漏量的影响

利用动量矩定理,建立了叶轮盖板中流体旋转角速度的一阶微分方程,得到了计算离心泵泄漏量的方法.为了获得泄漏量,需要进行迭代求解.从该微分方程出发,可得到容积效率、轴向力等参数.试验研究表明,用此公式计算的理论泄漏量和试验值之间的相对误差在7%～10%以内,验证了该方法的合理性和正确性.     

21世纪国外深空探测的关键技术(上)

21世纪初,美国、俄罗斯、欧洲(含各国)、日本以及印度等国家或地区纷纷出台了一系列新的深空探测发展战略和相应的规划与计划.为了实现这些战略和计划,首要之举就是突破关键技术.目前各国正在为月球、火星和更远天体的科学探测任务研发各类关键技术.     

电子系统的电磁脉冲效应及防护

电磁脉冲对电子系统具有很强的干扰和破坏作用.为研究电磁脉冲对电子系统的影响,进行了静电放电电磁脉冲对单片机系统的辐照效应实验.实验表明,单片机系统在静电放电电磁脉冲作用下,会出现多种故障现象.在效应实验基础上,研究了单片机加固技术.     

文献“Environmental Testing for Launch and Space Vehicles”[1]点评

作者根据多年的实践经验,对该文献中重要部分进行了点评,指出:空间系统的结构设计要"严格"按照环境设计来进行考核,而环境试验的目的除了筛选工艺质量之外,更重要的是验证设计载荷是否合理.文章还分别对声、振动和冲击试验中的关键步骤和内容进行了解析和说明.     

星载信息安全保障系统构想

阐述了星载信息安全保障系统对卫星自身信息安全防护的重要意义.介绍了星载信息安全保障系统的概念、基本组成,以及与卫星其它部分之间的关系.对该系统的信息感知、信息环境分析和行动决策、信息对抗三个子系统的基本功能和工作方式进行了描述.     

遂宁近距导航台复台技改分析

引言遂宁近距导航台为NDB导航台,始建于1980年5月,于1982年正式启用。该台站站址距遂宁机场跑道北端1025m,台站工作频率为465kHz,识别信号为M。于2002年8月26日因校飞时信号偏     

21世纪国外深空探测的关键技术(下)

(八)综合电子系统技术 综合电子系统将深空探测器的遥测、遥控、自主控制和管理等功能综合在一个以微处理机为主的系统中,达到信息共享.关键技术包括嵌入式计算机系统技术、数据总线技术、大容量存储技术和微型元器件技术.发展方向是小型化和集成化.     

伊万诺夫:俄不能变成太空出租司机

俄罗斯主管军事工业的第一副总理伊万诺夫1月23日在俄联邦航天局理事会会议上说,如航天发射仍是俄在该领域的唯一业务,俄将有变成"太空出租司机"的危险.他说:"俄航天局如今赚得的大部分收入是靠发射外国卫星.     

GEOS and its US and European components: Challenges and impact

The Centre Français sur les Etats Unis (CFE) held a day-long workshop on GEOSS, GMES and IEOS on 17 January 2006. Sponsored by Arianespace, the invitation-only roundtable drew some 50 participants from European and US administration, industry and academia. The programme and the presentations are on the CFE web site: www.cfe-ifri.net. This report summarizes the proceedings.     

偶氮呋咱和氧化偶氮呋咱的合成及表征

介绍了高能材料二氨基偶氮呋咱(DAAF)、二氨基氧化偶氮呋咱(DAOAF)及二硝基氧化偶氮呋咱(DNOAF)的合成。其中,采用新型氧化剂制备DAAF,得率提高至65.60%。通过DSC-TG、元素分析、IR、1H NMR和MS等方法,对其结构进行了鉴定,并进行了常规的感度测试。感度数据表明,无氢炸药DNOAF的摩擦感度较大,与C-12相当,而DAAF和DAOAF为低感度炸药。     

教育教学活动中的师生人际冲突及其解决方法

受传统观念的影响,人们一般只看到师生人际冲突的负面影响,而很少注意其正面作用;实际上,师生人际冲突是教育教学的互动形式之一,它的存在是必然的,也是合理的,它既有消极有害的一面,也有积极有益的一面。文章试在分析师生人际冲突原因的基础上,针对其影响的二重性,从学校、教师、学生三个方面,提出了正确对待师生人际冲突的建设性对策。     

汽车检测与维护专业建设的回顾与总结

汽车检测与维护专业是我校重点建设的广西区区级示范专业,经过五年的建设已经形成了一定的规模。文章主要从实验实训中心建设、课程建设、教材建设、师资队伍建设、教学改革等方面对该专业的建设历程进行了回顾和总结。     

Atlas II and IIA analyses and environments validation

General Dynamics has now flown all four versions of the Atlas commercial launch vehicle, which cover a payload weight capability to geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO) in the range of 5000–8000 lb. The key analyses to set design and environmental test parameters for the vehicle modifications and the ground and flight test data that validated them were prepared in paper IAF-91-170 for the first version, Atlas I.

This paper presents similar data for the next two versions, Atlas II and IIA. The Atlas II has propellant tanks lengthened by 12 ft and is boosted by MA-5A rocket engines uprated to 474,000 lb liftoff thrust. GTO payload capability is 6225 lb with the 11-ft fairing. The Atlas IIA is an Atlas II with uprated RL10A-4 engines on the lengthened Centaur II upper stage. The two 20,800 lb thrust, 449 s specific impulse engines with an optional extendible nozzle increase payload capability to GTO to 6635 lb. The paper describes design parameters and validated test results for many other improvements that have generally provided greater capability at less cost, weight and complexity and better reliability. Those described include: moving the MA-5A start system to the ground, replacing the vernier engines with a simple 50 lb thrust on-off hydrazine roll control system, addition of a POGO suppressor, replacement of Centaur jettisonable insulation panels with fixed foam, a new inertial navigation unit (INU) that combines in one package a ring-laser gyro based strapdown guidance system with two MIL-STD-1750A processors, redundant MIL-STD-1553 data bus interfaces, robust Ada-based software and a new Al-Li payload adapter. Payload environment is shown to be essentially unchanged from previous Atlas vehicles. Validation of load, stability, control and pressurization requirements for the larger vehicle is discussed.

All flights to date (five Atlas II, one Atlas IIA) have been successful in launching satellites for EUTELSAT, the U.S. Air Force and INTELSAT. Significant design parameters validated by these flights are presented. Particularly noteworthy has been the performance of the INU, which has provided average GTO insertion errors of only 10 miles apogee, 0.2 miles perigee and 0.004 degrees inclination. It is concluded that Atlas II/IIA have successfully demonstrated probably the largest number of current state-of-the-art components of any expendable launch vehicle flying today.     

SMOS与Aquarius卫星海表盐度测量方法及数据的对比分析

国际上发射的海表盐度遥感卫星主要有2颗:欧洲的SMOS和美国的Aquarius卫星,为给后续海表盐度遥感提供参考借鉴,对比分析了这2颗卫星的遥感器载荷、数据处理算法和盐度数据。遥感器载荷方面,SMOS采用L波段二维综合孔径辐射计,而Aquarius采用L波段实孔径辐射计加散射计;数据处理算法方面,分析了二者在介电常数模型、海面粗糙度校正以及反演算法方面的差异;盐度数据方面,分析了SMOS与Aquarius盐度数据之间的相关程度,并分别与ISAS(In Situ Analysis System)浮标盐度数据作对比,分析了2颗卫星的盐度数据精度。将2颗卫星的盐度遥感数据与ISAS浮标盐度数据对比发现,在全球范围内,Aquarius盐度测量精度优于SMOS;但在开阔海域,SMOS盐度测量精度优于Aquarius;而在近海岸区域,均出现较大的误差,且SMOS数据误差更大。     

凝胶推进剂及其模拟剂的制备和特性表征

高能凝胶推进剂的选择、制备、实验及特性表征是凝胶推进剂研究的关键环节.燃料凝胶化包括有机和无机两种胶凝剂.氧化剂的凝胶化使用了无机胶凝剂.此外选择和配制了凝胶推进剂的模拟剂,它具有与实际燃料和氧化剂相匹配的流变特性.制备了在流变学上相匹配的凝胶燃料和凝胶氧化剂、惰性凝胶模拟剂与凝胶推进剂,并对其流变学特性进行了分类.     

Launch and early operations of Herschel and Planck

On 14 May 2009 the European Space Agency launched 2 space observatories: Herschel (with a 3.5 m mirror it is the largest space telescope ever) will collect long-wavelength infrared radiation and will be the only space observatory to cover the spectral range from far-infrared to sub-millimetre wavelengths, and Planck will look back at the dawn of time, close to the Big Bang, and will examine the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation to a sensitivity, angular resolution and frequency range never achieved before. This paper will present the Flight Dynamics, mission analysis challenges and flight results from the first 3 months of these missions.Both satellites were launched on the same Ariane 5 and travelled to the L2 Lagrange point of the sun–earth system 1.5 million km from the earth in the opposite direction of the sun. There they were injected to a quasi-halo orbit (Herschel) with the dimension of typically 750,000 km×450,000 km, and a Lissajous orbit (Planck) of 300,000 km×300,000 km.In order to reach these Lissajous orbits it is mandatory to perform large trajectory correction manoeuvres during the first days of the mission. Herschel had its main manoeuvres on the first day. Planck had to be navigated on the first day and by a mid-course correction manoeuvre, the L2 orbit insertion manoeuvre was planned on day 50. If these slots were missed, fuel penalties would rapidly increase.This posed a heavy load on the operations teams because both spacecrafts have to be thoroughly checked out and put into the correct modes of their attitude control systems during the first hours after launch.The sequence of events will be presented and explained and the orbit determination results as well as the manoeuvre planning will be emphasised.     

月球测绘学分类及应用展望

根据月球测绘的研究现状及发展趋势,对月球测绘学的概念进行了溯源与拓展。在分析月球测绘学与地球测绘学主要差异基础上,从传统测绘学科分类角度出发,综合考虑月球测绘学特殊性,重新梳理出月球测绘学主要学科专业分类,并详细介绍了每个学科专业的定义及国内外研究现状,给出了月球测绘学的五个主要应用领域及其应用展望。我国应尽早开展月球测绘理论与技术研究,形成完整的月球测绘学科体系,能够有力地促进我国空间科学技术的发展,保障后续探月工程的顺利实施。     

英汉词语空缺与跨文化差异及翻译策略探究

语言是文化的载体,文化上的差异导致了英汉语言中的词汇空缺现象,词汇空缺现象反映了语言的民族性。在跨文化交际中,词汇空缺会给交际带来障碍,造成语用失误,甚至导致交际失败,论文就词语的空缺现象与跨文化差异中的翻译策略进行了一些探讨。