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我国的探月工程采用"绕、落、回"三步走发展战略,测控系统作为工程五大系统之一,通过探月工程建成了全球布站的深空测控网和18 m测控网,并圆满完成了历次任务对探测器的测控,在任务分析与设计、测定轨和链路设计等方面积累了大量实战经验。本文以嫦娥四号中继星和探测器两次发射任务为例,系统梳理了我国深空测控网和18 m测控网现状;根据任务需求,从测控覆盖、链路性能、测定轨精度和日凌影响等方面对测控任务实施能力进行了详细分析。以此为基础,对多目标测控、轨道测量和日凌期间的测控方案进行了系统设计。通过对任务期间获取的实测数据进行全面分析,总结了测控实施情况,并对后续工作提出了建议,以期为我国后续月球和深空探测测控通信任务设计提供借鉴。 相似文献
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太阳同步轨道卫星中继测控天线覆盖特性优化研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
我国天链一号数据中继卫星系统的初步建成,大大提高了低轨用户卫星的测控效率,但用户卫星中继测控天线有限的波束角影响了其对数据中继卫星系统的覆盖率。为此,文章提出一种垂直于卫星轨道面方向的准半球状增益中继测控天线布局方式,适用于整星尺寸较大或使用晨昏轨道的太阳同步轨道(SSO)卫星。这种方式充分利用该方向对中继卫星的长时间可视弧段,能有效提高中继测控的覆盖率,对天链一号数据中继卫星系统的覆盖率在95%以上。同时,单个中继测控弧段的平均时长约为60min,弧段之间的平均等待时间约为20min。其覆盖特性的各项指标相比于常规的对天面中继测控天线具有明显的优势,能显著提高中继测控任务的实时性和灵活性。 相似文献
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针对嫦娥二号探测器直接进入地月转移轨道、距月面100km高度捕获月球、完成既定任务后飞往日地第二拉格朗日平动点等飞行轨道方面的新特点,分析了定轨预报策略,利用事后精密轨道,全面评估了关键变轨点定轨预报和变轨后快速定轨的精度,其中,近月制动前3h定轨预报至近月点的位置误差为1km,速度误差为 0.3m/s 。利用不同月球引力场模型进行环月轨道精密定轨,根据实测数据残差分析和精密星历比对的结果,采用SGM100h引力场模型的定轨残差均方根最大。此外,针对嫦娥二号扩展任务,分析了不同测轨条件下的定轨精度,测量数据残差分析结果表明,在扩展任务中途修正前的定轨弧段内,测距、时延和时延率数据的残差分别为5m,5ns和1ps/s。 相似文献
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针对月球探测中软着陆与采样返回段弹道计算问题,提出用数值逼近弹道确定方法。通过B样条对探测器状态进行建模,进而综合全弧段数据进行统计定轨的方法。由于样条法良好的数值逼近性能,使得该方法对探测器弹道异常复杂情况下的状态确定较为有效。对嫦娥三号探测器动力软着陆弧段进行了仿真与实测数据处理。分析了采样返回段的基本动力学与控制特征,为后续的嫦娥五号探测器的软着陆及其采样返回提供初步的可行弹道计算方法。在嫦娥三号探测器动力落月段实测数据处理中,通过评估,该段弹道确定精度优于100 m,其弹道末点与NASA的月球勘测轨道器(LRO)给出的结果差异优于50 m,证实了文章提出的软着陆弹道确定方法的有效性。 相似文献
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利用两个短弧段的天基测角资料实现对空间目标的轨道确定是天基空间目标监视系统需解决的重要问题之一。提出利用二体轨道的角动量和能量守恒方程计算空间目标初轨的新方法,该方法将短弧段的主要测量信息表示为弧段属性,由两个短弧段的弧段属性建立守恒方程,采用变量替换法求解守恒方程获得多个初轨,通过方差分析从中选择合适的初轨。针对轨道改进中的迭代发散和收敛于局部极小点的问题,提出了选取多个迭代初值进行轨道改进的采样方法。仿真结果表明,初轨确定算法是可行的,轨道改进能成功解算最小二乘轨道。 相似文献
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空间交会对接光学敏感器测量的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
光学敏感器通常用作空间交会对接最后阶段的测量敏感器。本文研究了光学成像敏感器的测量方法,并在此基础上进行了物理仿真实验。实验结果表明,当距离为1m左右对直径40cm的目标模拟器进行测量时.位置测量精度优于1mm,姿态测量精度优于0.4°。 相似文献
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基于CFD的涡轮泵转子密封流体激振研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了密封流体激振对转子稳定性的影响,重点论述了利用计算流体力学(CFD)方法进行密封流体激振研究的理论和试验测量方法,对当前研究中存在的难点、重点问题结合国内外发展情况进行了探讨,提出需要发展通用性更好的非稳态数值方法,并利用流体激振的特性来设计密封结构,改善转子动力特性。 相似文献
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提出采用多反馈延迟的改进卷积处理技术实现雷达杂波模拟,克服了单反馈延迟输出杂波数据周期重复的缺点,使杂波数据在整个I周期内不重复,带来的好处是杂波逼真度高.采用大容量动态存储技术实现数据存储电路的设计,优点是方便快捷地为卷积器提供数据. 相似文献
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赵忠泽 《华北航天工业学院学报》2003,13(3):20-21,25
本文介绍了一种Z1Cr18Ni9Ti零件的制造方法,即用铸造方法。这种方法可以节省材料,提高效率,降低成本,并在此基础上探讨了有效的熔炼和铸造工艺。 相似文献
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Pablo de Len 《Acta Astronautica》2009,65(11-12):1789-1795
One of the most important developers of liquid propellant rocket engines in Argentina was Polish-born Ricardo Dyrgalla. Dyrgalla immigrated to Argentina from the United Kingdom in 1946, where he had been studying German weapons development at the end of the Second World War. A trained pilot and aeronautical engineer, he understood the intricacies of rocket propulsion and was eager to find practical applications to his recently gained knowledge.Dyrgalla arrived in Argentina during Juan Perón's first presidency, a time when technicians from all over Europe were being recruited to work in various projects for the recently created Argentine Air Force.Shortly after immigrating, Dyrgalla proposed to develop an advanced air-launched weapon, the Tábano, based on a rocket engine of his design, the AN-1. After a successful development program, the Tábano was tested between 1949 and 1951; however, the project was canceled by the government shortly after. Today, the AN-1 rocket engine is recognized as the first liquid propellant rocket to be developed in South America. Besides the AN-1, Dyrgalla also developed several other rockets systems in Argentina, including the PROSON, a solid-propellant rocket launcher developed by the Argentine Institute of Science and Technology for the Armed Forces (CITEFA). In the late 1960s, Dyrgalla and his family relocated to Brazil due mostly to the lack of continuation of rocket development in Argentina. There, he worked for the Institute of Aerospace Technology (ITA) until his untimely death in 1970. Ricardo Dyrgalla deserves to be recognized among the world's rocket pioneers and his contribution to the science and engineering of rocketry deserves a special place in the history of South America's rocketry and space flight advocacy programs. 相似文献
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The links between Earth and space exploration occur across a broad spectrum, from the use of satellite technology to support environmental monitoring and habitat protection to the study of extreme environments on Earth to prepare for the exploration of other planets. Taking the view that Earth and space exploration are part of a mutually beneficial continuum is in contrast to the more traditionally segregated view of these areas of activity. In its most polarized manifestation, space exploration is regarded as a waste of money, distracting from solving problems here at home, while environmental research is seen to be introspective, distracting from expansive visions of exploring the frontier of space. The Earth and Space Foundation was established in 1994 to help further mutually beneficial links by funding innovative field projects around the world that work at the broad interface between environmental and space sciences, thus encouraging the two communities to work together to solve the challenges facing society. This paper describes the work of the foundation and the philosophy behind its programmes. 相似文献
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培养创造能力是高等教育的重要任务,是时代的要求,要开展创造教育,培养学生的创造力就必须建设一支具有创造性素质的教师队伍。 相似文献