天基空间目标监视的短弧段定轨技术

利用两个短弧段的天基测角资料实现对空间目标的轨道确定是天基空间目标监视系统需解决的重要问题之一。提出利用二体轨道的角动量和能量守恒方程计算空间目标初轨的新方法，该方法将短弧段的主要测量信息表示为弧段属性，由两个短弧段的弧段属性建立守恒方程，采用变量替换法求解守恒方程获得多个初轨，通过方差分析从中选择合适的初轨。针对轨道改进中的迭代发散和收敛于局部极小点的问题，提出了选取多个迭代初值进行轨道改进的采样方法。仿真结果表明，初轨确定算法是可行的，轨道改进能成功解算最小二乘轨道。

Orbit Determination with Short Arcs for Space\|Based Space Object Surveillance

Orbit determination for space objects using the information of two short arcs from space\|based optical observations plays a key role in space\|based space surveillance systems. The information of short arcs is represented by its attributes (two angles and their time derivatives). To compute the preliminary orbit, energy and angular\|momentum conservation equations of two\|body problem are constructed by using the attributes of two short arcs. Multiple solutions of these equations are obtained by variable transformation, and the optimal solution is selected by covariance analysis. In order to avoid the iterative divergence and the local minima for the orbit improvement, a sampling method is proposed to obtain several initial guesses for the iteration of this improvement. The simulation results show that the method of the preliminary orbit determination is feasible and the orbit improvement can successfully achieve the least square solution.