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采用变速控制力矩陀螺的一种姿态/能量一体化控制研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
本文研究采用变速控制力矩陀螺(VSCMG)的航天器姿态/能量一体化控制技术。首先建立了以变速控制力矩陀螺为执行机构的航天器姿态动力学模型,并给出了全局稳定的姿态反馈控制律。以控制力矩陀螺群的构型奇异量度为依据,分别考虑了VSCMG的控制力矩陀螺(CMG)工作模式和反作用飞轮(RW)工作模式。在陀螺群接近奇异时启用转子的反作用飞轮工作模式来补偿控制力矩陀螺采用鲁棒伪逆操纵律时所引起的力矩误差;在陀螺群远离奇异状态时,用控制力矩陀螺来补偿转子储能带来的干扰力矩。在姿态控制的同时利用转子的变速特性,完成按照给定的功率存储/释放能量,并在陀螺群远离奇异状态时对储能过程中转子的转速进行调节,以保持良好地动量包络外形。最后以某航天器的姿态控制为例,给出了数值仿真结果。 相似文献
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以单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)为卫星动量交换机构,基于建立的姿态控制系统与SGCMG系统的动力学模型,设计零动量卫星的PD(比例微分)解耦姿态控制律。为逃避奇异,提出了一种改进的单框架控制力矩陀螺群(SGCMGs)奇异鲁棒伪逆操纵律算法。某航天器姿态控制仿真结果表明:改进算法可避免奇异,算法有效性得以验证。 相似文献
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研究了平行构型变速控制力矩陀螺群的控制律及其在航天器姿态控制中的应用。首先建立了以变速控制力矩陀螺为执行机构的航天器姿态动力学模型,并给出了全局渐近稳定的姿态反馈控制律。将每一对框架平行的陀螺作为独立的单元控制,引入了与控制力矩陀螺的框架运动相关的动坐标系,在此基础上给出了控制力矩陀螺的一种控制律。此控制律使陀螺群在奇异状态下仍具有可控性,并且力矩误差在动坐标系的某一方向始终为零,从而利用共轴的构型特点和陀螺转子的可变速性补偿控制力矩陀螺的力矩误差,使变速控制力矩陀螺群的输出力矩与期望的力矩相等。最后以双平行构型为例,对航天器的姿态稳定控制进行了数值仿真,并给出了一种控制力矩的分配方案。仿真结果证明了控制律算法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对应用变速控制力矩陀螺VSCMG为姿态控制执行机构的微小卫星,提出了一种姿态机动最优路径规划方法。从冗余金字塔构型VSCMGs系统的姿态机动任务和考虑VSCMGs系统故障失效的姿态机动任务两类问题出发,综合考虑VSCMG在实际工程应用中的各种约束条件(框架角约束、框架角速度约束、转子转速约束和奇异度量约束等)以及充分发挥VSCMG的力矩输出优势,采用Gauss伪谱法规划了相应性能指标最优的姿态机动最优路径。仿真结果表明设计的应用VSCMG的航天器姿态机动最优路径规划算法能够满足提出的约束条件和最优路径规划策略,可以顺利完成航天器姿态机动任务。而且相比于传统的VSCMGs系统操纵律,设计的算法具有更高的实用性和有效性。 相似文献
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考虑一类要求快速、连续的姿态机动控制任务,设计了大角度姿态机动的力矩陀螺操纵律。针对陀螺群构型非奇异情况,考虑陀螺框架角速度上限要求,设计了基于∞范数的力矩陀螺操纵律。为了实现快速的姿态机动衔接,提出了基于参考构型的方法,并通过引入零运动实现。设计了力矩陀螺操纵律的求解算法,给出了参考构型法的解析解。仿真结果表明,该操纵律可适用于快速、连续的姿态机动控制。 相似文献
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针对以单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)为执行机构的卫星,提出分步设计控制律和操纵律来实现欠驱动姿态控制。用两个SGCMG进行三轴控制时,将控制系统分解为控制律设计和操纵律设计两部分,来实现角速度稳定和姿态角稳定。通过卫星姿态动力学方程和运动学方程,分别设计状态反馈控制器和反步法控制器;再进行SGCMG的操纵律设计。结合所设计的控制律和操纵律,能够实现基于SGCMG的欠驱动卫星姿态控制,数学仿真验证了该算法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对邻近奇异框架构型时解算低速框架角速度指令过大乃至饱和问题,开展了指令幅值抑制的控制力矩陀螺操纵方法研究。首先提出了力矩分配动态调整策略,设计以控制力矩陀螺历史指令信息为输入的权重系数自主调整律;然后重新定义了考虑权重分配的系统奇异度量,给出了一种综合力矩动态分配策略、零运动奇异规避与指令力矩随奇异度量相应调节手段的控制力矩陀螺操纵律,以抑制控制力矩陀螺低速框架指令幅值过大并提升系统奇异规避能力。最后所提出方法的有效性通过了姿态快速机动数学仿真校验。 相似文献
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A cluster of control moment gyros (CMGs) is widely used as the actuator of attitude control for modern satellite. However, to use CMGs will induce some accessional problems, like the singularity and the failure of them. In this paper, a rotator for the support bracket of each control moment gyro (CMG) is adopted and its application on reconfiguration and singular escape is discussed. The first step puts forward a novel reconfiguration scheme for the CMGs and applied on a satellite, which can adjust the installation angles of the remaining CMGs and make the CMGs remain axial symmetry. Then the characteristic of the output torque is studied in the process of reconfiguration of the CMGs. Based on this characteristic, a special steering law of the CMGs is designed to counteract the disturbance from the reconfiguration. The feasibility of singularity avoidance via the reconfiguration is also discussed by calculating the derivative of the singularity measurement to the installation angle. A singularity avoidance steering law is proposed based on the above calculation. 相似文献
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A steering law of control moment gyros for spacecraft attitude control by using one-step ahead singularity index is addressed in this paper. In some recent studies, the null motion approaches or singularity robustness steering laws have been extensively investigated to avoid singular configurations for a control momentum gyro (CMG) cluster. As a novel approach different from them, the proposed approach is based on optimization technique by minimizing the one-step ahead singularity index. Modified approaches are also presented in this paper. The proposed one-step prediction method ultimately gives an optimized solution of gimbal rates with advanced ability to avoid a singularity. A singularity index for reliable computation of a gradient vector is also introduced. Finally, performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by numerical simulations. 相似文献
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There exists a singularity problem in control moment gyros (CMGs). CMG singularities are classified into two types: hyperbolic and elliptic. Several gimbal steering control methods have been presented to avoid CMG singularities. Hyperbolic singularities can be avoided by null motion, but elliptic singularities cannot. The existing steering control methods are rarely designed by explicitly taking the singularity type into account. In order to effectively avoid elliptic singularities by perturbing gimbal angles, it is desirable to calculate and record the boundaries between elliptic and hyperbolic singularities in advance so that the determined boundaries can be utilized for developing model predictive steering control. To this end, the boundaries between elliptic and hyperbolic singularities of CMGs are calculated and represented in the form of fitted curves. Several numerical examples are presented to determine the perturbation gimbal angles for avoiding elliptic singularities without using singular value decomposition. 相似文献
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研究以变惯量反作用飞轮作为执行机构的小卫星的大角度姿态机动控制问题。变惯量反作用飞轮是一种新型的动量交换装置,不仅可以通过改变飞轮转速输出力矩,还可以通过改变其转动惯量实现大范围的力矩输出。文中建立了带有变惯量反作用飞轮的星体姿态动力学方程,设计了姿态控制律和飞轮的操纵律。仿真结果表明,与一般反作用飞轮相比,当小卫星大角度机动时变惯量飞轮的转速更不容易饱和,且力矩的输出范围变宽,可以同时满足小卫星高精度稳定和快速大角度姿态机动的双重要求。 相似文献