基于数据库和面向对象的运载火箭地面测发控软件复用

随着运载火箭地面测发控软件的规模越来越大,测发控软件的复用成为当前运载火箭地面软件的发展趋势。本文介绍了一种新颖的运载火箭地面测发控软件复用技术,该技术将面向对象技术和数据库技术相结合,实现了运载火箭地面软件的复用,在加快试验进度的同时,也提高了程序的可靠性。目前,该技术已被成功应用在某新型运载火箭的地面测发控软件中。     

运载火箭测发控网络设计

运载火箭测试发射控制系统对数据处理能力、数据通信能力的要求越来越高。本文采用最新的网络通信技术,结合CZ-3A运载火箭测发控网络的实际设计需求和设计原则,概要介绍了运载火箭测发控网络的特点,着重从测发控网络的拓扑结构、双网卡捆绑技术、静态路由技术等五方面详细阐述了测发控网络的设计,最后通过测发控网络的功能测试验证了该设计的可靠性和先进性。     

产品"三化"是企业发展的重要途径

分析产品"三化"对于企业发展的重要意义,阐明"三化"之间的关系,介绍企业"三化"工作实践及开展"三化"工作的思路和方法.     

“三化”在型号地面测发控系统设计中的应用和效果

结合某型号地面测发控系统几十年的研制工作实践,阐述了“三化” 思想的贯彻实施对型号设计具有缩短研制开发周期、节省经费、避免大量重复性劳动与浪费、提高产品质量与可靠性及可维修性等买际效果。     

航天型号地面测试发控系统的“三化”方案设想

从分析航天型号地面测试发控系统的基本任务出发,结合型号研制实践,根据通用化、系列化、组合化即“三化”的设计要求,提出了地面测试发控系统“三化”设计的指导思想、基本原则和方案设翅,并对当前体制下实现“三化”方案可能遇到的问题,提出了建议。     

严格质量管理,确保亚星发射成功

一九九○年四月七日,长征三号运载火箭成功地将亚洲卫星一号送入预定轨道。我国首次发射国外卫星取得了一箭成功的好成绩,这是进入国际商业发射服务市场的良好开端。 在长征三号运载火箭的研制和生产中,上海航天局(SHBOA)承担了一、二子级和大部分箭上设备和地面发控设备的     

地面设备三化现状与设想

概述了地面设备三化工作取得的成绩,指出存在的问题以及今后工作发展的设想。     

控制系统为“嫦娥”导航

制导与控制系统是运载火箭的大脑与神经中枢,承担着实现运载火箭飞行轨迹、姿态以及轨道精确控制的功能,保证运载火箭沿预定的轨道稳定飞行,确保航天运输器将卫星、飞船、空间探测器等飞行器准确送入预定轨道,降落在指定的位置。在嫦娥三号探月任务中,中国航天科技集团一院控制系统研制团队,担负着运载火箭整个控制系统的研制工作,包括制导系统、姿控系统、箭上综合、地面测发控系统4大系统设计,以及飞行软件、测发控软件编制与验证,仿真试验、综合试验等大型试验。     

型号产品地面供气设备"三化"研究

根据装备“三化”的指导思想和“三化”的理论方法,结合型号产品地面供气设备的研制、生产和使用情况,对供气设备的现状进行了分析,提出了相应的“三化”方案,并对具体方案进行了阐述。     

战略导弹测试发射控制系统的发展和导弹模拟器的应用

战略导弹武器系统采用了快速机动使用方式,控制系统实现了全数控方案,地面各种勤务工作的设备做到了智能化.对地面测试发射控制系统的需求发生了变化,测控系统采用了"弹测"和"地测"相结合,以地面计算机控制为主的体制,采用了分布式计算机网络结构方案,自动化测试系统在"三化"方面也有很大进展.测控系统功能扩大了,系统更为复杂,测控软件在配套设备中的份量越来越大,越显重要,测控系统自检尤其是测控软件的测试尤显突出,文中提出采用导弹模拟器解决测控系统自检和测控软件测试问题,还可作为部队模拟训练装置,提出导弹模拟器的组成和设计方法以及使用问题.     

Soviet launch failures reviewed

The USSR has always been reluctant to reveal details of failures in its space programme, and only a few failures have been annouced publically. Some official US sources list failures in the Soviet programme, although these official listings end in mid-1964. The aviation press often reports rumoured failures, and it is the job of an analyst to try and separate the wheat from the chaff.     

Rebuilding US launch capabilities

Attempts to rebuild US commercial launch capabilities through stimulating private industry will be constrained by the fact that free-market competition does not really exist in the space industry. As the worldwide supply of launch vehicles grows, the policy now offered by the US government is only likely to fragment the US space launch vehicle industry. The author argues in favour of a proposal to establish a quasi-governmental corporation for space launches which would both safeguard the interests of government and commercial users and ensure that business acumen was applied.     

The future of launch vehicles

This article traces the development of satellite launch vehicles from the derivatives of long-range ballistic missiles to the current Ariane and Space Shuttle programmes. Looking to the next generation of launchers, the author outlines current thinking on reusable vehicles, focusing particularly on the British Aerospace/Rolls Royce HOTOL concept.     

The Rockot launch system

EUROCKOT Launch Services GmbH has been founded by Daimler-Benz Aerospace of Germany and Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center of Russia to offer world-wide cost effective launch services on the Rockot launch system. The Rockot commercial program is described. Rockot can launch satellites weighing up to 1850 kg into polar and other low earth (LEO) orbits. The Rockot launch vehicle is based on the former Russian SS-19 strategic missile. The first and second stages are inherited from the SS-19, the third stage named Breeze is newly developed and has multiple ignition capability. The Rockot launch system is flight proven. In addition to the currently adapted Rockot launch site Plesetsk for high inclinations, EUROCKOT is in the process to also adapt the Baykonur cosmodrome as their complementary Rockot launch site for lower inclinations. The wide range of Rockot performance is provided. The first commercial launch is foreseen in the middle of 1999. The expected launch capacity for Plesetsk and Baykonur will exceed 10 launches per year. The complete Rockot system including performance is presented.     

Economy of modular low-technology launch vehicles

The paper comprises an assessment of the design and the economics of so-called “low-cost” simple modular launch vehicles. It is shown that the performance is very marginal and that the cost per launch cannot compete with technically more advanced fully reusable vehicles. Especially a private-funded development cannot be amortized economically in case of an expendable launch vehicle.     

Chinese launch services A user's guide

This article describes aspects of the Chinese space programme of interest to potential users of Chinese commercial launch services. A brief history is included along with a review of the current licensing requirements of the US government. The rationale behind Aussat's choice of the Long March launch vehicle is presented as well as a brief comment on the likely future for Chinese launch services in the West.     

VEGA, a small launch vehicle

Several studies have been performed in Europe aiming to promote the full development of a small launch vehicle to put into orbit one ton class spacecrafts. But during the last ten years, the european workforce was mainly oriented towards the qualification of the heavy class ARIANE 5 launch vehicle.Then, due also to lack of visibility on this reduced segment of market, when comparing with the geosatcom market, no proposal was sufficiently attractive to get from the potentially interrested authorities a clear go-ahead, i.e. a financial committment.

The situation is now rapidly evolving. Several european states, among them ITALY and FRANCE, are now convinced of the necessity of the availability of such a transportation system, an important argument to promote small missions, using small satellites. Application market will be mainly scientific experiments and earth observation; some telecommunications applications may be also envisaged such as placement of little LEO constellation satellites, or replacement after failure of big LEO constellation satellites.

FIAT AVIO and AEROSPATIALE have proposed to their national agencies the development of such a small launch vehicle, named VEGA.

The paper presents the story of the industrial proposal, and the present status of the project: Mission spectrum, technical definition, launch service and performance, target development plan and target recurring costs, as well as the industrial organisation for development, procurement, marketing and operations.