飞机供氧和燃油箱惰化技术概况

本文简要论述了飞机供氧和油箱惰化的必要性,并分别对飞机供氧和几种油箱惰化技术进行了分析比较,然后论述了国外飞机供氧和油箱惰化联合系统的发展概况及不足,这样可为我国未来的发展提供些借鉴。     

EB-52远距离干扰飞机的研制计划

在美空军的战术飞机武库中,B 52是一种唯一可携带重型吊舱和有空间安装相关天线系统的飞机。美空军初步计划改装16架B 52,使其共同拥有 12 部干扰吊舱;其远期计划共改装76架需求36部电子攻击系统。改装后的 B 52 远距离干扰飞机,命名为EB 52。为此空军要求研制和装备适合于B 52的远距离干扰吊舱,挂吊在轰炸机双翼翼尖油箱吊舱的部位。此计划分两阶段实施,首先装备低频带干扰机,第二阶段通过增加高频带干扰发射机扩展吊舱的干扰能力。与美海军 EA 6B及其后继EA 18G电子战飞机不同的是,EB 52 不配备用于执行电子攻击任务的专用接收…     

供氧模式对载人航天器气压控制的影响分析

载人航天器气压控制系统主要负责控制密封舱内氧分压和总压满足指标要求,承担长期载人任务的载人航天器通常配备电解制氧系统用于维持密封舱内氧分压水平。文章建立了一种载人航天器密封舱气压控制系统仿真分析模型,利用该模型分析对比了氧气瓶供氧和电解制氧供氧2种模式对应的密封舱氧分压和总压变化规律。结果表明,驻留24 h内,氧气瓶供氧模式对应的氧分压单调下降;电解制氧供氧模式对应的氧分压并非单调下降,而是取决于供氧速率与乘员代谢耗氧间的关系,且氧分压变化范围要远小于氧气瓶供氧模式。驻留60 d内,电解制氧供氧模式对应的氧分压在上下限间的变化周期以及总压的变化周期要明显长于氧气瓶供氧模式。为避免空气温度的影响,氧分压和总压的控制范围应比允许范围窄。     

通用无人驾驶飞机测控系统

无人驾驶飞机侦察系统在现代战争中起着重要作用,而其测控系统则是神经中枢该文重点论述了无人驾驶飞机测控系统的总体方案设想、总体设计和模拟计算结果。经论证该方案具有先进性和可行性     

升力式火箭动力航班化航天运输系统的关键技术挑战

航班化航天运输系统是重复使用航天运输系统的高级形式，具有高可靠、低成本、智能化、规模化、产业化等特点。基于火箭动力发展航班化航天运输系统是切实可行的技术途径之一，升力式火箭动力航班化航天运输系统具备实现类似飞机航班形式的快速周转发射能力，同时对航天运输技术也提出了新的挑战。结合航班化航天运输系统的发展态势和技术方案，重点分析了升力式火箭动力航班化航天运输系统面临的技术挑战，提出了后续研究重点与发展建议。     

电磁脉冲武器对抗空袭飞机研究

电磁脉冲武器已在现代战争中崭露头角,它的出现为抗击空袭飞机(包括隐身飞机)提供了一条新的思路。在分析电磁脉冲武器特点和国内外电磁脉冲武器研究进展的基础上,论述了电磁脉冲武器抗击来袭飞机(包括隐身飞机)的可行性和方法。     

飞机的隐身技术现状及发展趋势

讨论了现代隐身飞机所利用的各种隐身技术 ,简要说明它们的隐身原理和隐身技术 ,进而论述了国外飞机隐身技术的最新进展和发展趋势     

国外碳／碳飞机刹车片预制件制造技术

综述了国外碳／碳飞机刹车片应用概况，重点论述了日、英、法、美等国家先进的碳／碳飞机刹车片预制件制造的关键工艺技术。     

中国为什么要造大飞机

相关链接 为什么要研制大飞机,温家宝总理在《人民日报》上发表的《让中国的大飞机翱翔蓝天》署名文章中做了最精辟的论述。现转摘如下：     

地空导弹武器技术及其发展(下)

发展趋势地空导弹所要对抗的兵器正向构造隐形化、制造智能化、命中高精度化和飞行远程化、高速化 ,所面临的作战环境将异常复杂 ,面对的来袭目标将变幻莫测。因此 ,地空导弹的发展应采取积极有效的措施 ,适应纷繁复杂、变化多端的作战环境 ,使之既能抗击各种超低空的突袭目标 ,又能打击太空中的侦察目标和干扰目标 ,具有抗击各种目标和侵袭兵器的能力。1.采用新技术 ,使地空导弹具有反导反飞机并重、反隐形与反非隐形飞机、反巡航导弹与反其它各种突袭兵器并重的能力未来的空袭兵器 ,既有固定翼作战飞机和巡航导弹 ,又有各种隐形与非隐形飞…     

Research on hypersonic aircraft using pre-cooled turbojet engines

Systems analysis of a Mach 5 class hypersonic aircraft is performed. The aircraft can fly across the Pacific Ocean in 2 h. A multidisciplinary optimization program for aerodynamics, structure, propulsion, and trajectory is used in the analysis. The result of each element model is improved using higher accuracy analysis tools. The aerodynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft is examined through hypersonic wind tunnel tests. A thermal management system based on the data of the wind tunnel tests is proposed. A pre-cooled turbojet engine is adopted as the propulsion system for the hypersonic aircraft. The engine can be operated continuously from take-off to Mach 5. This engine uses a pre-cooling cycle using cryogenic liquid hydrogen. The high temperature inlet air of hypersonic flight would be cooled by the same liquid hydrogen used as fuel. The engine is tested under sea level static conditions. The engine is installed on a flight test vehicle. Both liquid hydrogen fuel and gaseous hydrogen fuel are supplied to the engine from a tank and cylinders installed within the vehicle. The designed operation of major components of the engine is confirmed. A large amount of liquid hydrogen is supplied to the pre-cooler in order to make its performance sufficient for Mach 5 flight. Thus, fuel rich combustion is adopted at the afterburner. The experiments are carried out under the conditions that the engine is mounted upon an experimental airframe with both set up either horizontally or vertically. As a result, the operating procedure of the pre-cooled turbojet engine is demonstrated.     

关于RBCC动力系统的思考

回顾了RBCC动力系统研发的历程和趋势,分析了RBCC动力系统的速度、高度等基本特性。建议RBCC动力系统研发应致力于火箭发动机与冲压发动机功能的拓展与完善,注重综合性能的提高;加强与飞行器一体化设计,考虑进气道、燃烧室、尾喷管及燃油供应系统的共用;依据具体飞行器方案开展关键技术攻关和基础技术研究;首先开展临近空间高速、机动飞行器动力系统研发,针对两级入轨动力系统之二级开展关键技术攻关。     

动力冗余液体捆绑火箭的POGO稳定性分析

针对动力冗余和交叉输送技术向液体捆绑火箭的POGO振动稳定性分析提出的新任务,考虑独立工作(模式1)、一台助推发动机故障助推贮箱向芯级发动机供给推进剂(模式2)和两助推器同时向芯级发动机供给推进剂(模式3)三种工作模式,利用改进的Rubin方法分别建立液体捆绑火箭POGO稳定性的分析模型。数值计算分析表明,模式1和3下,POGO稳定性对助推蓄压器能量值的敏感程度强过芯级蓄压器。降低泵增益能提高液体捆绑火箭POGO稳定性,其中氧化剂泵的影响强于燃料泵,助推泵的影响强于芯级泵。助推燃料泵柔度的增加会降低燃路系统频率,可能诱发POGO振动,其中模式2下影响最大。本文工作为优化液体捆绑火箭动力冗余系统、抑制POGO振动提供了理论依据。     

基于分块反步设计的飞行器姿态稳定鲁棒控制

采用分块反步设计思想,结合输入状态稳定性理论,获得了一种具有鲁棒性能的 飞行器姿态稳定控制方案。该方案可自然地处理姿态耦合问题,实现半全局姿态稳定控制, 并对外部扰动具有鲁棒性,可直接应用在燃气动力的情况。对某空间飞行器的姿态控制系统 进行了数值仿真,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

The hydrogen value chain: applying the automotive role model of the hydrogen economy in the aerospace sector to increase performance and reduce costs

Hydrogen will assume a key role in Europe's effort to adopt its energy dependent society to satisfy its needs without releasing vast amounts of greenhouse gases. The paradigm shift is so paramount that one speaks of the “Hydrogen Economy”, as the energy in this new and ecological type of economy is to be distributed by hydrogen. However, H₂ is not a primary energy source but rather an energy carrier, a means of storing, transporting and distributing energy, which has to be generated by other means.Various H₂ storage methods are possible; however industries' favourite is the storage of gaseous hydrogen in high pressure tanks. The biggest promoter of this storage methodology is the automotive industry, which is currently preparing for the generation change from the fossil fuel internal combustion engines to hydrogen based fuel cells. The current roadmaps foresee a market roll-out by 2015, when the hydrogen supply infrastructure is expected to have reached a critical mass. The hydrogen economy is about to take off as being demonstrated by various national mobility strategies, which foresee several millions of electric cars driving on the road in 2020.Fuel cell cars are only one type of “electric car”, battery electric as well as hybrid cars – all featuring electric drive trains – are the others. Which type of technology is chosen for a specific application depends primarily on the involved energy storage and power requirements. These considerations are very similar to the ones in the aerospace sector, which had introduced the fuel cell already in the 1960s. The automotive sector followed only recently, but has succeeded in moving forward the technology to a level, where the aerospace sector is starting considering to spin-in terrestrial hydrogen technologies into its technology portfolio. Target areas are again high power/high energy applications like aviation, manned spaceflight and exploration missions, as well as future generation high power telecommunication satellites. Similar trends can be expected in the future for RADAR Earth Observation satellites and space infrastructure concepts of great scale.This paper examines current activities along the hydrogen value chain, both in the terrestrial and the aerospace sector. A general assessment of the synergy potential is complemented by a thorough analysis of specific applications serving as role models like a lunar manned base or pressurised rover, an aircraft APU or a high power telecommunications satellite. Potential performance improvements and cost savings serve as key performance indicators in these comparisons and trade-offs.     

水基推进系统综述

水基推进系统的发展为航天器推进、供电、能量储存、系统构建提供了新的选择。这一系统的核心是一体化可再生燃料电池,它利用太阳能电池帆板提供的电能电解水．产生的氢氧气体既可以用于燃烧推进,又可以通过燃料电池反应重新复合为水进行供电。介绍了水基推进系统的基本组成与工作原理,通过质量估算与性能分析,评估了水基推进系统的工作能力、适用范围及空间应用优势。     

卫星贮箱故障时液体燃料运动特性仿真分析

不少在轨卫星都使用半管理液体燃料贮箱,贮箱内的液体收集器上安装有表面筛网,可阻止贮箱内气体在发动机工作时通过收集器进入到液体燃料管路中.文章假设卫星液体燃料贮箱的底部收集器出现故障,无法阻止气体进入发动机管路.为确保卫星正常在轨运行,利用计算流体动力学数值仿真方法,对液体燃料贮箱在卫星姿态控制发动机工作时的运动规律进行...     

含石蜡燃料初步研究

含石蜡燃料具高退移速率特性且成本低,是固液混合发动机理想能源。制取了在气氧矩形燃烧器中燃烧时不发生融化的含石蜡燃料。实验表明：将50％HTPB置换为石蜡,退移速率可提高1．37倍;在燃料中添加金属镁铝合金,可提高燃料密度和退移速率;添加碳黑可提高燃料密度,但退移速率略有下降。     

卫星低可探测性技术发展浅析

卫星运行在固定的轨道上,所处的深冷背景、携带的机动能源有限等特点使得其低可探测性技术研究相对航空器而言较为困难。从卫星低可探测技术的特点出发,在研究了国外空间目标的探测能力的基础上,研究了目前国外卫星低可探测性技术发展情况,并从微波、光学、无线电探测三个方面对卫星低可探测性技术进行了初步分析。