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对Ni-24.19%Nb过共晶合金在定向凝固速率10μm/s和跃迁减速定向凝固下的组织进行了研究,结果表明:凝固速率10μm/s下,合金中出现了初生Ni3Nb相的生长,并在凝固20mm后达到了准稳态,与最高界面生长温度假设的理论分析相一致.在从10μm/s跃迁减速到1μm/s过程中,界面上液相溶质的变化,造成了初生Ni3Nb相的含量先增加后减少,而初生相的消失,凝固组织变为全耦合生长的共晶组织,主要是由于初生相与共晶相相互竞争生长造成的.另外,初生相的消失也不是在同一个平面上均匀进行的,而是从试样的边缘向中心逐渐发展的. 相似文献
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采用亚快速定向凝固装置成功地制备了Ti-47.5Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.2B合金定向凝固试样,观察了不同凝固速率下的固液界面形貌、过渡区和稳态区凝固组织.实验结果表明,在2μm/s抽拉速率下,合金界面以胞状界面形态生长,全片层组织(γ+α2)取向与生长方向成0°和45°的夹角,合金凝固时的领先相为β相.在100μm/s凝固速率下,合金界面以枝状形态生长,全片层组织方向与生长方向的夹角为90°,领先相从β相转化为α相.通过将合金中Cr和Nb元素的含量折算成Al的含量,计算Ti-48.3Al合金中α和β相界面生长温度,发现凝固速率达到180μm/s时,领先相可由β相转变为α相,理论计算结果支持实验中的相选择转变过程. 相似文献
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定向凝固时热溶质对流对Al/AlLi共晶生长形态稳定性的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在垂直向上定向凝固条件下,研究了热溶质对流对二元亚共晶 Al-Li合金 Al/ Al Li共晶生长形态稳定性的影响。结果表明,晶体生长初期,热溶质对流较微弱,对界面形态稳定性无明显的影响,晶体以完全的Al/ Al Li共晶方式生长。当热溶质对流较强烈时,对界面形态稳定性产生严重的影响。平面界面失稳破开时,单相胞状晶领先生长。在单相胞状晶之间以 Al/ Al Li共晶方式生长。获得了二元亚共晶 Al-Li合金共晶的稳定性生长条件。 相似文献
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电子束区熔定向凝固Nb基高温合金的组织和性能 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
研究了Nb-Si-Ti-Hf-Cr-Al-B-Y合金在电子束区熔炉上的定向凝固组织、室温断裂韧性和高温瞬时拉伸性能.合金的组织主要由Nb基固溶体(Nbss)、α-(Nb)5Si3和(Nb)3Si相组成.定向凝固后,初生Nbss枝晶以及Nbss α-(Nb)5Si3/(Nb)3Si层片状或棒状共晶团均沿着试棒轴线定向排列.当电子枪移动速率R=2.4 mm/min时,定向效果最好.定向凝固使合金在1250℃的拉伸强度及室温断裂韧性均显著提高.R=2.4 mm/min试棒的抗拉强度最高,达85.0 MPa,同时其室温断裂韧性也达到19.4 MPa·m1/2. 相似文献
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Hf和Zr在高温材料中作用机理研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
在高温合金中,元素Hf和Zr可以促进γ γ′共晶、MC(2)碳化物、M2SC碳硫化物和Ni5M相的形成,改变草书状MC和M3B2成为块状并且通过净化晶界或枝晶间自由态的S来提高这些薄弱部位的结合强度,从而延迟裂纹的形成和扩展.Hf和Zr可提高铸造高温合金室温拉伸和中温持久的强度和塑性.Hf,Zr抑制次生碳化物M23C6和M6C的生成,从而提高了合金在高温长时热暴露时的显微组织稳定性.Hf,Zr降低合金的初熔温度,Ni5Hf和Ni5Zr相的初熔被认为是Hf,Zr影响初熔的主要原因.通过1150℃/8h的预处理,Ni5Hf以Ni5Hf γ(C)→MC(2) γ反应或者固溶两种方式被消除.元素Hf可以缩小枝晶间失去毛细管补缩能力和固相线之间的温度范围,还能降低枝晶间液池沟通所需的液体量.在凝固后期枝晶间的富Hf熔体具有很好的流动性、浸润性和趋肤效应,这些都是降低合金热裂倾向、提高合金可铸性和焊接性能的有利因素.具有高的化学活性的富Hf液膜容易在铸件表面形成Hf2O薄层.Hf和Zr是钎焊用中间层合金的降熔点元素.根据凝固过程中富Hf,Zr熔体的成分最终发展出Ni-18.6Co-4.5Cr-4.7W-25.6Hf和Ni-10Co-8Cr-4W-13Zr两种中间层合金,使单晶高温合金的无Si、B连接成为现实.还发展出了定向凝固片状Ni3Al/Ni7Hf2共晶合金,成分为Ni-5.8Al-32Hf和Ni-4Al-26Hf-8Cr-4W.Ni-5.8Al-32Hf合金的最佳凝固条件为温度梯度G=250℃·cm-1和凝固生长速率R=5μm·s-1;Ni-4Al-26Hf-8Cr-4W,凝固条件为G=350℃·cm-1和R=1μm·s-1. 相似文献
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对铸造镍基高温合金K417G进行了不同冷却速率的凝固试验,并对凝固后的试样进行了光学金相和定量金相分析,研究了凝固冷速对合金显微组织的影响,通过线性回归的方法确定了平均枝晶间距与凝固冷速的关系.结果表明:凝固冷速增大明显细化树枝晶、MC碳化物和(γ γ′)共晶.冷速对MC碳化物的量影响不大,但对(γ γ′)共晶量有明显影响,过快和过慢的冷速都能引起(γ γ′)共晶量增加.K417G合金的平均枝晶间距(λ/μm)与凝固时冷速(V/℃·s-1)存在λ=85.1V-0.35的对应关系,根据该关系式可以通过测量铸件不同部位的平均枝晶大小确定该部位凝固时的冷却速率. 相似文献
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基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明:该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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Abnormal Shape Mould Winding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fu Hongya Wang Xianfeng Han Zhenyu Fu Yunzhong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):552-558
为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。 相似文献
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航天器返回地球的气动特性综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
航天器返回地球的飞行过程中,气动特性是实现将宇宙飞行速度减到落地前速度、保证再入飞行得到有效控制以及再入防热安全可靠的关键因素。针对简单旋成体气动外形、半弹道式再入控制、烧蚀防热类返回航天器,综述了返回地球过程中变化的空气流域特性、航天器周围的气体绕流环境、空气与航天器作用产生的动力学与热效应等。系统地给出了该类航天器的再入气动特性参数与飞行性能的共性规律,包括:气动阻力与再入减速、气动升力与再入轨迹控制、配平攻角与飞行稳定性、气动加热与防热,以及再入过程中不同气动特性航天器、气象条件变化等对再入飞行性能的影响规律。为航天器开展返回飞行过程的跨流域气动性能工程研制提供设计参考。 相似文献
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Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
GAO Hong-liang ZHANG Hui WANG Shu-juan 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):75-80
Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved. 相似文献
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Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ZHOU Hong-guo WEI Xiu-ying MAO Chang-hui XIONG Yu-hua QIN Guang-rong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):172-176
The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃). 相似文献
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YANG Fen ZHANG Xue-jun TIAN Fang WU Xu GAN Fu-xing 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):181-186
Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration. 相似文献