共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
针对航空图像压缩系统的要求,基于采用提升方案的整数小波变换(IWT)和改进SPHIT算法的ADV611芯片,设计了一种航空图像压缩系统,该系统具有多比例、多分辨率的优点,能根据实际情况灵活设置压缩比例。 相似文献
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一种基于预测和变换混合设计的超光谱图像压缩方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了一种新的超光谱图像压缩方法。该方法针对三维小波压缩编码方法对专有数据的特殊属性利用效率较低的缺陷,设计了一种应用于超光谱图像的预测编码和变换编码相混合的实现方案。首先,由超光谱图像的高谱间相关性,推导出图像各波段间的一般表达式。然后,根据这一表达式建立了超光谱图像的波段预测方式。该预测方式以波段为单位,参考波段采用小波变换编码技术进行压缩。为了提高预测的精度,参考波段选择器和波段预测器分别基于超光谱图像的数学统计规律和各波段直方图形状相似的特性进行设计。最后,将预测偏差值通过三维小波编码技术进行压缩。实验结果表明,本文设计的方法与目前先进的超光谱压缩技术相比能够提供具有竞争力的性能提升,且具有良好的兼容性、灵活性和渐进传输能力。 相似文献
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R. A. Howard J. D. Moses A. Vourlidas J. S. Newmark D. G. Socker S. P. Plunkett C. M. Korendyke J. W. Cook A. Hurley J. M. Davila W. T. Thompson O. C. St Cyr E. Mentzell K. Mehalick J. R. Lemen J. P. Wuelser D. W. Duncan T. D. Tarbell C. J. Wolfson A. Moore R. A. Harrison N. R. Waltham J. Lang C. J. Davis C. J. Eyles H. Mapson-Menard G. M. Simnett J. P. Halain J. M. Defise E. Mazy P. Rochus R. Mercier M. F. Ravet F. Delmotte F. Auchere J. P. Delaboudiniere V. Bothmer W. Deutsch D. Wang N. Rich S. Cooper V. Stephens G. Maahs R. Baugh D. McMullin T. Carter 《Space Science Reviews》2008,136(1-4):67-115
The Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation (SECCHI) is a five telescope package, which has been developed for the Solar Terrestrial Relation Observatory (STEREO) mission by the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), the Lockheed Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory (USA), the Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), the University of Birmingham (UK), the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (Germany), the Centre Spatiale de Leige (Belgium), the Institut d’Optique (France) and the Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale (France). SECCHI comprises five telescopes, which together image the solar corona from the solar disk to beyond 1 AU. These telescopes are: an extreme ultraviolet imager (EUVI: 1–1.7 R⊙), two traditional Lyot coronagraphs (COR1: 1.5–4 R⊙ and COR2: 2.5–15 R⊙) and two new designs of heliospheric imagers (HI-1: 15–84 R⊙ and HI-2: 66–318 R⊙). All the instruments use 2048×2048 pixel CCD arrays in a backside-in mode. The EUVI backside surface has been specially processed for EUV sensitivity, while the others have an anti-reflection coating applied. A multi-tasking operating system, running on a PowerPC CPU, receives commands from the spacecraft, controls the instrument operations, acquires the images and compresses them for downlink through the main science channel (at compression factors typically up to 20×) and also through a low bandwidth channel to be used for space weather forecasting (at compression factors up to 200×). An image compression factor of about 10× enable the collection of images at the rate of about one every 2–3 minutes. Identical instruments, except for different sizes of occulters, are included on the STEREO-A and STEREO-B spacecraft. 相似文献
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信息时代的重要特征是信息的数字化,但数字化的视频数据量是非常巨大的。为了使数字化的视频信号更有效地传输,对其进行压缩势在必行。应用MAP-CA这个DSP芯片可以对视频图像进行MPEG-4标准的压缩,压缩比可以达到1000:1。在公用电话线上就可以连续传输视频,并能保持图像的质量,最高图像清晰度为768×576,可以达到接近DVD的画面效果。 相似文献
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基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2022,35(9):268-281
This paper addresses a coordinated control problem for Spacecraft Formation Flying (SFF). The distributed followers are required to track and synchronize with the leader spacecraft. By using the feature points in the two-dimensional image space, an integrated 6-degree-of-freedom dynamic model is formulated for spacecraft relative motion. Without sophisticated three-dimensional reconstruction, image features are directly utilized for the controller design. The proposed image-based controller can drive the follower spacecraft in the desired configuration with respect to the leader when the real-time captured images match their reference counterparts. To improve the precision of the formation configuration, the proposed controller employs a coordinated term to reduce the relative distance errors between followers. The uncertainties in the system dynamics are handled by integrating the adaptive technique into the controller, which increases the robustness of the SFF system. The closed-loop system stability is analyzed using the Lyapunov method and algebraic graph theory. A numerical simulation for a given SFF scenario is performed to evaluate the performance of the controller. 相似文献
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The increasing grid data in CFD simulation has brought some new difficulties and challenges, such as high storage cost, low transmission efficiency. In order to overcome these problems,a novel method for compressing and saving the structured grid are proposed. In the present method,the geometric coordinates of the six logical domains of one grid block is saved instead of all grid vertex coordinates to reduce the size of the structured grid file when the grid is compressed. And all grid vertex co... 相似文献
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边缘特征常被视作无人机视觉系统中的重要信息(比如在视觉导航时需用边缘特征识别障碍物),在实践中会遇到边缘图像数据量大的情况。针对边缘图像高效压缩问题,提出了边缘图像自适应编码方法。首先以边缘打包法的压缩比和边缘点所占比例为特征,建立Logistic回归模型,然后利用图像数据库对该模型进行离线训练获取模型参数,最后利用Logistic回归模型建立分类器,自适应地在边缘打包法和链码编码法中选择压缩比最高的方法对边缘图像进行压缩。对VOC2012图像数据库的测试结果表明,与常用压缩方法相比,提出的算法能提高压缩比5%左右,有效减少了数据量。 相似文献
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The Mercury Dual Imaging System on the MESSENGER Spacecraft 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. Edward Hawkins III John D. Boldt Edward H. Darlington Raymond Espiritu Robert E. Gold Bruce Gotwols Matthew P. Grey Christopher D. Hash John R. Hayes Steven E. Jaskulek Charles J. Kardian Jr. Mary R. Keller Erick R. Malaret Scott L. Murchie Patricia K. Murphy Keith Peacock Louise M. Prockter R. Alan Reiter Mark S. Robinson Edward D. Schaefer Richard G. Shelton Raymond E. Sterner II Howard W. Taylor Thomas R. Watters Bruce D. Williams 《Space Science Reviews》2007,131(1-4):247-338
The Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS) on the MESSENGER spacecraft will provide critical measurements tracing Mercury’s origin
and evolution. MDIS consists of a monochrome narrow-angle camera (NAC) and a multispectral wide-angle camera (WAC). The NAC
is a 1.5° field-of-view (FOV) off-axis reflector, coaligned with the WAC, a four-element refractor with a 10.5° FOV and 12-color
filter wheel. The focal plane electronics of each camera are identical and use a 1,024×1,024 Atmel (Thomson) TH7888A charge-coupled
device detector. Only one camera operates at a time, allowing them to share a common set of control electronics. The NAC and
the WAC are mounted on a pivoting platform that provides a 90° field-of-regard, extending 40° sunward and 50° anti-sunward
from the spacecraft +Z-axis—the boresight direction of most of MESSENGER’s instruments. Onboard data compression provides capabilities for pixel
binning, remapping of 12-bit data into 8 bits, and lossless or lossy compression. MDIS will acquire four main data sets at
Mercury during three flybys and the two-Mercury-solar-day nominal mission: a monochrome global image mosaic at near-zero emission
angles and moderate incidence angles, a stereo-complement map at off-nadir geometry and near-identical lighting, multicolor
images at low incidence angles, and targeted high-resolution images of key surface features. These data will be used to construct
a global image base map, a digital terrain model, global maps of color properties, and mosaics of high-resolution image strips.
Analysis of these data will provide information on Mercury’s impact history, tectonic processes, the composition and emplacement
history of volcanic materials, and the thickness distribution and compositional variations of crustal materials. This paper
summarizes MDIS’s science objectives and technical design, including the common payload design of the MDIS data processing
units, as well as detailed results from ground and early flight calibrations and plans for Mercury image products to be generated
from MDIS data. 相似文献
11.
It is essential and desirable to get a high resolution echo in a radar image without using a large antenna. On scanning a radar antenna, the target's distribution is smoothed by the antenna beam and a smeared echo appears on the radar display. This paper describes three different types of beam compression radars: subsurface SAR; correlation array radar; and inversion processed radar. The experimental results show that the beamwidth on display was effectively compressed by the signal processing 相似文献
12.
《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2006,42(3):825-845
The problem of automated attitude recovery of rigid and flexible spacecraft is investigated using feedback linearization control and a novel approach for generating the control error signal based on quaternion addition. The attitude and flexible dynamics equations for a class of spacecraft is presented. The resulting nonlinear and coupled equations of the system are implemented into a high-fidelity user-friendly simulation environment. The simulator is used for the investigation of attitude recovery of flexible spacecraft using the feedback linearization approach. Since the flexible spacecraft is underactuated, the input-output linearization technique was specifically used to break up the system into two distinct parts, namely 1) an external linearizable system for which a linear controller can be easily implemented, and 2) an internal nonlinear unobservable system for which the associated zero dynamics is shown to be asymptotically stable for two representative cases. The overall closed-loop stability of the flexible spacecraft is analyzed rigorously and shown to be asymptotically stable using Lyapunov's method 相似文献
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针对中国空间站工程航天器交会对接任务中,地面与多航天器同时进行天地话音和图像通信的潜在需求,分析TDRSS(TrackingandDataRelaySatelliteSystem,跟踪与数据中继卫星系统)、USB(UnifiedSBand,统一S频段)测控通信系统及天地通信中心系统支持多目标同时通信的技术原理,提出天地通信系统在双目标、三目标同时跟踪时的工作模式,介绍天地通信系统仿真验证体系,并重点阐述天地通信中心如何采用环回和回放数据文件的仿真方法验证系统对多目标的支持,由此表明天地通信系统具备同时与多航天器进行通信的能力。探讨的结果对工程和实际应用具有参考和借鉴价值。 相似文献
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McGoey-Smith A.D. Vant M.R. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1992,28(3):666-674
When the basic step transform algorithm is used to compress synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) signals in azimuth, the linear FM rate and sampling rate must satisfy certain tight constraints. In practice, these constraints cannot be satisfied and errors are introduced into the compressed SAR image. A modification is described of the basic step transform which incorporates interpolation and resampling into the algorithm. These changes allow the removal of the constraints and make the step transform more useful for the compression of real data. An autofocusing capability is also included, without introducing much additional complexity 相似文献
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Near lossless data compression onboard a hyperspectral satellite 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shen-en Qian Bergeron M. Cunningham I. Gagnon L. Hollinger A. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2006,42(3):851-866
To deal with the large volume of data produced by hyperspectral sensors, the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) has developed and patented two near lossless data compression algorithms for use onboard a hyperspectral satellite: successive approximation multi-stage vector quantization (SAMVQ) and hierarchical self-organizing cluster vector quantization (HSOCVQ). This paper describes the two compression algorithms and demonstrates their near lossless feature. The compression error introduced by the two compression algorithms was compared with the intrinsic noise of the original data that is caused by the instrument noise and other noise sources such as calibration and atmospheric correction errors. The experimental results showed that the compression error was not larger than the intrinsic noise of the original data when a test data set was compressed at a compression ratio of 20:1. The overall noise in the reconstructed data that contains both the intrinsic noise and the compression error is even smaller than the intrinsic noise when the data is compressed using SAMVQ. A multi-disciplinary user acceptability study has been carried out in order to evaluate the impact of the two compression algorithms on hyperspectral data applications. This paper briefly summarizes the evaluation results of the user acceptability study. A prototype hardware compressor that implements the two compression algorithms has been built using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and benchmarked. The compression ratio and fidelity achieved by the hardware compressor are similar to those obtained by software simulation 相似文献
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lP可视电话通话双方在网络中传输的主要是音频和视频数据漉,但是音、视频传输时数据漉量非常大,网络带宽比较有限,很容易造成数据传输延时。为了提高音、视频在网络中的传输速度和高质量的播放效果,必须对传输的音、视频数据流进行压缩。为此,本文提出了一种适用于lP可视电话系统的数据漉压缩和解压缩技术及实现方法。 相似文献
18.
Donald L. Hampton James W. Baer Martin A. Huisjen Chris C. Varner Alan Delamere Dennis D. Wellnitz Michael F. A’Hearn Kenneth P. Klaasen 《Space Science Reviews》2005,117(1-2):43-93
A suite of three optical instruments has been developed to observe Comet 9P/Tempel 1, the impact of a dedicated impactor spacecraft,
and the resulting crater formation for the Deep Impact mission. The high-resolution instrument (HRI) consists of an f/35 telescope with 10.5 m focal length, and a combined filtered CCD camera and IR spectrometer. The medium-resolution instrument
(MRI) consists of an f/17.5 telescope with a 2.1 m focal length feeding a filtered CCD camera. The HRI and MRI are mounted on an instrument platform
on the flyby spacecraft, along with the spacecraft star trackers and inertial reference unit. The third instrument is a simple
unfiltered CCD camera with the same telescope as MRI, mounted within the impactor spacecraft. All three instruments use a
Fairchild split-frame-transfer CCD with 1,024× 1,024 active pixels. The IR spectrometer is a two-prism (CaF2 and ZnSe) imaging spectrometer imaged on a Rockwell HAWAII-1R HgCdTe MWIR array. The CCDs and IR FPA are read out and digitized
to 14 bits by a set of dedicated instrument electronics, one set per instrument. Each electronics box is controlled by a radiation-hard
TSC695F microprocessor. Software running on the microprocessor executes imaging commands from a sequence engine on the spacecraft.
Commands and telemetry are transmitted via a MIL-STD-1553 interface, while image data are transmitted to the spacecraft via a low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS) interface standard. The instruments are used as the science instruments and are
used for the optical navigation of both spacecraft. This paper presents an overview of the instrument suite designs, functionality,
calibration and operational considerations. 相似文献
19.
Hawkins S. Edward Darlington E. Hugo Murchie Scott L. Peacock Keith Harris Terry J. Hersman Christopher B. Elko Michael J. Prendergast Daniel T. Ballard Benjamin W. Gold Robert E. Veverka Joseph Robinson Mark S. 《Space Science Reviews》1997,82(1-2):31-100
A multispectral imager has been developed for a rendezvous mission with the near-Earth asteroid, 433 Eros. The Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI) on the Near-Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft uses a five-element refractive optical telescope, has a field of view of 2.93 × 2.25°, a focal length of 167.35 mm, and has a spatial resolution of 16.1 × 9.5 m at a range of 100 km. The spectral sensitivity of the instrument spans visible to near infrared wavelengths, and was designed to provide insight into the nature and fundamental properties of asteroids and comets. Seven narrow band spectral filters were chosen to provide multicolor imaging and to make comparative studies with previous observations of S asteroids and measurements of the characteristic absorption in Fe minerals near 1 µm. An eighth filter with a much wider spectral passband will be used for optical navigation and for imaging faint objects, down to visual magnitude of +10.5. The camera has a fixed 1 Hz frame rate and the signal intensities are digitized to 12 bits. The detector, a Thomson-CSF TH7866A Charge-Coupled Device, permits electronic shuttering which effectively varies the dynamic range over an additional three orders of magnitude. Communication with the NEAR spacecraft occurs via a MIL-STD-1553 bus interface, and a high speed serial interface permits rapid transmission of images to the spacecraft solid state recorder. Onboard image processing consists of a multi-tiered data compression scheme. The instrument was extensively tested and calibrated prior to launch; some inflight calibrations have already been completed. This paper presents a detailed overview of the Multi-Spectral Imager and its objectives, design, construction, testing and calibration. 相似文献
20.
Optical guidance for autonomous landing of spacecraft 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Miso T. Hashimoto T. Ninomiya K. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1999,35(2):459-473
An autonomous rendezvous guidance scheme for spacecraft to descend to small celestial bodies by using optical information is presented. First, a new guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) method based on fixation-point (FP) inheritance is proposed. A spacecraft can safely descend toward the target point on the celestial body by tracking and autonomously renewing the FPs on the surface. Next, we deal with the method of extracting the FPs. A spatial band-pass filter (BPF) is applied to pictures taken to enhance features having comparable size with the tracking window. Local variance of the filtered image is used as a criterion of the extraction. Then, the relative information between the spacecraft and the celestial body (position, velocity, attitude, etc.) is calculated from the image coordinates and the range measurements of the FPs from the spacecraft. To suppress observation noise and improve navigation accuracy, an application of the extended Kalman filter is also presented. Finally, simulations are conducted to verify the guidance precision and the fuel consumption of the proposed guidance scheme 相似文献