共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 151 毫秒
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针对空间碎片环境的长期演化问题,从宏观和微观两个方面,分别构建了碎片环境的整体演化模型和数值演化计算模型,并在此基础上研究了不同条件下碎片环境的长期演化分布特点,分析了碎片环境的稳定性和主要影响因素。低地球轨道碎片环境在未来200年内的演化结果表明,空间目标的相互碰撞解体,是空间碎片不断增加的主要因素;即使停止一切航天发射活动,空间碎片的数量仍在不断增加,表明低地球轨道空间碎片规模已经超越稳定临界点;进一步的发射活动会增强空间碎片环境演化的不稳定性,加剧“碰撞-目标解体-碰撞”反馈连锁碰撞效应。 相似文献
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地球静止轨道(GEO)卫星与空间碎片发生碰撞后短期内会出现无地面观测数据的情况。为解决该问题,筛选了所有运行或穿越GEO区域的空间目标,分析了数值法和解析法在进行接近分析时的优劣势,给出了基于弦截法的接近分析数值求解方法,运用SDP4模型进行轨道预报。运用质量守恒和动量守恒对NASA标准解体模型进行修正,生成空间碎片信息。针对短期演化风险,在无连锁碰撞研究需求时进行假设,进而简化碰撞概率计算方法。对GEO区域内碎片的碰撞和穿越GEO区域碎片的碰撞2类事件进行分析,在碰撞完全解体和非完全解体2种条件下,分析3 d内碰撞产生的碎片对GEO区域的威胁程度。仿真实验结果表明:在完全解体的情形下,新产生的空间碎片3 d内与原有空间目标会发生100多次小于20 km的接近,最近距离降低到214.4 m。在无地面对新生成空间碎片观测数据的条件下,该研究为航天器规避机动提供参考,为下一步的长期演化分析提供理论借鉴。 相似文献
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针对空间碎片在轨精确定位需求,系统总结了采用天基光学探测和激光测距对空间碎片运动状态初值的求解方法;立足在轨应用,文章提出了基于天基光学探测和激光测距的空间碎片运动状态扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)估计方法,以目标定位精度为评价标准,研究了探测体制、测量数据精度、测量数据率和探测距离等因素对目标定位性能的影响,并提出了定位参数最优的水平选择。数学仿真结果表明:在特定载荷性能下,采用双星光学测量体制,碎片位置估计精度优于79.4 m,速度估计精度优于3.5 m/s;采用单星光学测量加激光测距体制,碎片位置估计精度优于124.3 m,速度估计精度优于4.5 m/s。该方法具有求解精度高、运行稳定性好和数据计算量低等优点,具备在轨应用的条件,可为面向空间碎片的天基跟踪系统设计提供参考。 相似文献
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This paper analyzes an example of a three-dimensional constellation of debris removal satellites and proposes an effective constellation using a delta-V analysis that discusses the advisability of rendezvousing satellites with space debris. Lambert?s Equation was used to establish a means of analysis to construct a constellation of debris removal satellites, which has a limit of delta-V injection by evaluating the amount of space debris that can be rendezvoused by a certain number of removal satellite. Consequently, we determine a constellation of up to 38 removal satellites for debris removal, where the number of space debris rendezvoused by a single removal satellite is not more than 25, removing up to 584 pieces of debris total. Even if we prepare 38 removal satellites in their respective orbits, it is impossible to remove all of the space debris. Although many removal satellites, over 100 for example, can remove most of the space debris, this method is economically disproportionate. However, we can also see the removal satellites are distributed nearly evenly. Accordingly, we propose a practical two-stage strategy. The first stage is to implement emergent debris removal with the 38 removal satellites. When we find a very high probability of collision between a working satellite and space debris, one of the removal satellites in the constellation previously constructed in orbit initiates a maneuver of emergent debris removal. The second stage is a long-term space debris removal strategy to suppress the increase of space debris derived from collisions among the pieces of space debris. The constellation analyzed in this paper, which consists of the first 38 removal satellites, can remove half of the over 1000 dangerous space debris among others, and then the constellation increases the number of the following removal satellites in steps. At any rate, an adequate orbital configuration and constellation form is very important for both space debris removal and economic efficiency. Though the size of constellation of debris removal satellites would be small originally, such a constellation of satellites should be one of the initial constellations of removal satellites to ensure the safety of the future orbital environment. 相似文献
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This article briefly presents the historical background, as seen by ISRO and India, to the growing problem of space debris. It describes the technical aspects of ISRO's activities in the field of space debris, and the grey areas in technical understanding, which may impede legal discussions. Analysis of the cost and technical aspects of reorbiting satellites from geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) is detailed, since this is an important area for India and other developing countries. The article also briefly describes ISRO's views of the applicability and relevance of the existing space treaties to a possible future legal regime for space debris. Debates are currently taking place in the UN and other multilateral fora on the subject of space debris and the situation is dynamic. The main aim of this article is to inform readers of ISRO's and India's position in the UN on the subject of space debris, in terms of its technical, political and legal aspects. Certain issues of importance from the legal point of view, though not of immediate urgency, are also discussed. 相似文献
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天基照相跟踪空间碎片批处理轨道确定研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着国内外天基观测空间碎片研究的展开,文章提出了利用跟踪卫星的CCD(Charge
Coupled Device)相机对空间碎片进行轨道探测的方法,首先建立了CCD照相观测模型和基于 照相观测 的空间碎片批处理轨道确定模型。通过对CCD相机底片归算方法的分析可知,利用
CCD相机所获得的观测数据与跟踪卫星的姿态无关,且其精度只与测量和坐标转换计算的精 度有关,在测量和计算中可获得较高的精度。分别对分布密度较高的低轨道和地球同步 轨道区域的空间碎片进行了定轨分析。仿真结果表明,定轨时采用两个跟踪弧段的照相数据 定轨精度大大高于一个弧段照相数据的定轨精度;跟踪卫星距离空间碎片越近,定轨精度越 高;低轨道空间碎片的定轨精度高于地球同步轨道上的空间碎片定轨精度。
相似文献
Coupled Device)相机对空间碎片进行轨道探测的方法,首先建立了CCD照相观测模型和基于 照相观测 的空间碎片批处理轨道确定模型。通过对CCD相机底片归算方法的分析可知,利用
CCD相机所获得的观测数据与跟踪卫星的姿态无关,且其精度只与测量和坐标转换计算的精 度有关,在测量和计算中可获得较高的精度。分别对分布密度较高的低轨道和地球同步 轨道区域的空间碎片进行了定轨分析。仿真结果表明,定轨时采用两个跟踪弧段的照相数据 定轨精度大大高于一个弧段照相数据的定轨精度;跟踪卫星距离空间碎片越近,定轨精度越 高;低轨道空间碎片的定轨精度高于地球同步轨道上的空间碎片定轨精度。
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用SGP4模型和卡尔曼滤波实现空间碎片轨道预报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章将扩展卡尔曼滤波算法成功应用于求空间碎片的双行元初值及其轨道预报问题。首先推导出扩展的卡尔曼滤波求双行元的计算公式;然后针对地面观测站对空间碎片的监测进行了应用研究,编制了相应的计算程序并进行了数学仿真。结果表明该算法可以较准确地得到监测目标的双行元初值,从而可实现中长期轨道预报。 相似文献