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基于布雷顿循环,考虑燃烧产物的离解,针对固体火箭超燃冲压发动机工作过程进行了建模研究,开展了发动机理论性能分析,研究了飞行参数、燃料种类对发动机性能的影响,探究了超燃冲压发动机的工作极限。结果表明:固体火箭超燃冲压发动机的性能随着飞行马赫数的增大和飞行高度的升高而下降;当工作当量比增大时,质量比冲和体积比冲均下降,但比推力逐步上升;当工作空燃比增大时,比推力下降,但质量比冲和体积比冲均逐步升高。燃料种类对发动机性能有显著影响,在空燃比5~27的范围内,固体推进剂的体积比冲存在明显优势,但比推力和质量比冲不及氢气和煤油。相比于氢气和煤油,采用硼基固体推进剂作为燃料的超燃冲压发动机可以在更宽的飞行马赫数范围内工作,预示着固体火箭超燃冲压发动机宽包络飞行的潜力。 相似文献
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固体火箭冲压发动机具有冲压式发动机的一般优点:长距离飞行、维持超音速、甚至在飞行终端阶段都能实现高g机动飞行.当从后勤方面考虑液体冲压发动机不适用时,和固体冲压发动机的性能及机动性不能满足要求时,固体火箭冲压发动机则具有明显的优势.由于它的能量高、可靠性好,因而非常适合于军事用途.在下一代、长距离战术导弹中,固体火箭冲压发动机的应用具有广阔的前景.在美国和苏联进行了一系列的飞行试验后,七十年代后期和八十年代初,法国和西德又分别进行了多次飞行试验.据透露,日本也将在1986年10月前后进行飞行试验.研制工作很活跃. 相似文献
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在地面试验基础上进行了整体式固体火箭冲压发动机飞行试验,以验证发动机的工作可靠性和飞行性能。飞行试验结果表明:试飞发动机和试飞器总体设计合理;发动机性能良好;主级在余气系数0.8~2.3范围内能够稳定工作;最大比冲为6.62 kN.s/kg。达到了试验的目的。 相似文献
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Singh A. Ghose D. Sarkar A.K. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2009,45(3):899-918
This paper presents an optimization of the performance of a recently proposed virtual sliding target (VST) guidance scheme in terms of maximization of its launch envelope for three-dimensional (3-D) engagements. The objective is to obtain the launch envelope of the missile using the VST guidance scheme for different lateral launch angles with respect to the line of sight (LOS) and demonstrate its superiority over kinematics-based guidance laws like proportional navigation (PN). The VST scheme uses PN as its basic guidance scheme and exploits the relation between the atmospheric properties, missile aerodynamic characteristics, and the optimal trajectory of the missile. The missile trajectory is shaped by controlling the instantaneous position and the speed of a virtual target which the missile pursues during the midcourse phase. In the proposed method it is shown that an appropriate value of initial position for the virtual target in 3-D, combined with optimized virtual target parameters, can significantly improve the launch envelope performance. The paper presents the formulation of the optimization problem, obtains the approximate models used to make the optimization problem more tractable, and finally presents the optimized performance of the missile in terms of launch envelope and shows significant improvement over kinematic-based guidance laws. The paper also proposes modification to the basic VST scheme. Some simulations using the full-fledged six degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) models are also presented to validate the models and technique used. 相似文献
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为满足作战需要 ,改善导弹的总体性能 ,又有利于降低研制成本 ,对图像制导导弹的导引头最大跟踪角速度、极限框架角、搜索方案以及导弹的速度方案 ,进行了分析设计。以此为例 ,对飞行力学在导弹总体与分系统设计中的应用进行了说明。研究结果表明 :飞行力学是协调导弹总体与各分系统之间关系的重要手段 ,在导弹总体和各分系统的设计过程中 ,积极主动地应用飞行力学进行综合设计 ,可获得最佳的总体性能。 相似文献
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应用保护映射理论的高超声速飞行器自适应控制律设计 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
针对高超声速飞行器包线范围广、参数变化大的控制需求,应用保护映射理论提出一种高超声速飞行器的自适应控制律设计方法。首先建立整个飞行包线内的线性变参数(LPV)模型,在参数变化边界点设计一个初始的控制结构和参数,然后基于保护映射理论分析初始控制结构使闭环系统稳定的参数范围,通过迭代自动获取整个包线内满足性能指标的控制参数,进而通过多项式拟合设计出高超声速飞行器自适应控制律。所提出的方法能够根据初始控制结构自动寻找一系列满足性能要求的控制器参数,并确定这些控制参数满足闭环系统稳定的设计范围。仿真结果表明,所设计的自适应控制律能够确保高超声速飞行器大包线的设计要求,实现闭环系统的鲁棒稳定。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2015,(5)
A new concept is presented for air-to-air missile which is dynamic attack zone after being launched in random wind field. This new concept can be used to obtain the 4-dimensional(4-D)information regarding the dynamic envelope of an air-to-air missile at any flight time aimed at different flight targets considering influences of random wind, in the situation of flight fighters cooperated with missiles fighting against each other. Based on an air-to-air missile model, some typical cases of dynamic attack zone after being launched in random wind field were numerically simulated.Compared with the simulation results of traditional dynamic envelope, the properties of dynamic attack zone after being launched are as follows. The 4-D dynamic attack zone after being launched is inside traditional maximum dynamic envelope, but its forane boundary is usually not inside traditional no-escape dynamic envelope; Traditional dynamic attack zone can just be reliably used at launch time, while dynamic envelope after being launched can be reliably and accurately used during any flight antagonism time. Traditional envelope is a special case of dynamic envelope after being launched when the dynamic envelope is calculated at the launch time; the dynamic envelope after being launched can be influenced by the random wind field. 相似文献
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为克服试凑法在控制回路参数优化中的局限性,针对涡扇发动机在加力状态易出现喷口摆动的不协调现象,考虑喷口双环控制结构工作特点,采用按需正向设计策略,按照控制系统时域、频域性能指标设计要求,制定兼顾频域、时域性能要求的内、外环协调控制的设计目标准则,提出一种喷口控制的多目标约束的差分进化内外环控制参数自整定优化设计方法,在双转子涡扇发动机非线性模型上进行闭环控制系统仿真验证。结果表明:在飞行高度从0增加到10 km、飞行马赫数从0加速到0.9的起飞和爬升状态进入加力过程以及平飞中保持飞行马赫数不变的关断加力过程中,发动机未出现喷口摆动等现象,涡轮落压比最大相对误差不大于1.5%,喷口闭环控制系统具有期望的伺服跟踪和抗飞行条件变化干扰能力。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2016,(5):1302-1312
The acceleration autopilot design for skid-to-turn (STT) missile faces a great challenge owing to coupling effect among planes, variation of missile velocity and its parameters, inexistence of a complete state vector, and nonlinear aerodynamics. Moreover, the autopilot should be designed for the entire flight envelope where fast variations exist. In this paper, a design of inte-grated roll-pitch-yaw autopilot based on global fast terminal sliding mode control (GFTSMC) with a partial state nonlinear observer (PSNLO) for STT nonlinear time-varying missile model, is employed to address these issues. GFTSMC with a novel sliding surface is proposed to nullify the integral error and the singularity problem without application of the sign function. The pro-posed autopilot consisting of two-loop structure, controls STT maneuver and stabilizes the rolling with a PSNLO in order to estimate the immeasurable states as an output while its inputs are missile measurable states and control signals. The missile model considers the velocity variation, gravity effect and parameters’ variation. Furthermore, the environmental conditions’ dynamics are mod-eled. PSNLO stability and the closed loop system stability are studied. Finally, numerical simula-tion is established to evaluate the proposed autopilot performance and to compare it with existing approaches in the literature. 相似文献
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考虑到飞机带冰飞行的安全问题,对结冰飞机进行安全边界保护成为一种有效的解决手段。基于神经网络自适应动态逆跟踪性能好、鲁棒性强的优点,提出了以安全关键飞行参数限制值作为神经网络自适应动态逆的输入,获取可用舵面偏转角的边界保护方法。建立了飞机本体动力学模型,采用高精度的数值模拟方法获得结冰数据库。设计了神经网络自适应动态逆控制律,通过在动态逆环节引入单隐层神经网络,对不确定性逆误差进行自适应补偿,增强了控制系统的鲁棒性。以俯仰姿态保持模式为例设计了结冰飞行闭环安全边界保护系统。以结冰飞机最小平飞速度的估算值作为飞机最低飞行速度,设计自动油门控制系统,实现对飞行速度的保护。通过仿真验证了设计的控制律具有较强的鲁棒性。对结冰严重程度线性增加情形下飞机状态参数的动态响应进行了分析。仿真结果表明,所设计的结冰边界保护系统,能够实现飞机在容冰飞行过程中对安全关键参数如迎角、飞行速度的实时保护。 相似文献