实现分数阶傅里叶变换的光学系统及其应用

在综合了国内外有关文献的基础上,简述了分数阶傅里叶变换的发展过程。利用光学传输矩阵分析了分数阶傅里叶变换的3个基本的光学实现系统。对分数阶傅里叶变换的应用现状进行了归纳总结,同时就其发展方向做出了展望。     

非合作无源探测中的参考信号提纯新方法

非合作无源探测系统通过直达波提纯来获取参考信号,参考信号的纯净程度对系统探测性能具有重要影响.针对非合作无源探测中的参考信号提纯问题,提出了一种基于稀疏特性的参考信号提纯新方法.首先将参考通道接收的混合信号变换到对时延敏感的分数阶傅里叶变换域上,并对直达波信号和多径干扰信号在分数阶傅里叶变换域上的稀疏特性进行了分析;然...     

分数阶Fourier变换在某型涡轴发动机喘振分析中的应用

基于分数阶Fourier变换(FRFT)时-频分析理论的特点, 构造信号验证了FRFT能解除时频偶合的特性.在此基础上, 采用FRFT对某涡轴发动机典型的喘振试验数据进行喘振特征信号提取, 然后基于有效特征信号的FRFT功率谱进行喘振瞬时频率的估计.结果表明:利用旋转角与喘振特征相匹配分数阶Fourier变换的能量聚集特性, 能有效提取发动机喘振特征信号, 并能利用FRFT结果, 采用最优信号提取旋转角下的FRFT功率谱进行喘振瞬时频率的估计.      

自傅里叶物体的自成像及高斯光束的空间自变换

根据傅里叶变换理论,首先详细论述了自傅里函数的自傅里叶变换性质和各种构造法则,其次讨论了自傅里叶物体的空间自成像特性,进一步从及高斯光束的空间自变换特性出发,解释了高斯光束在空间的传播机制.     

基于分数阶傅里叶变换的GNSS接收机抗线性调频干扰技术研究

研究了分数阶傅里叶变换(Fractional Fourier Transform,FRFT)抗线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)干扰技术,提出了一种基于FRFT域幅度一阶矩的逐精度求取最佳变换阶次的方法,并针对连续LFM干扰提出了一种求取最佳变换阶次的策略。同时针对全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)中的LFM干扰,对信号的预处理、阈值的自适应选取做了研究与分析,给出了相应的处理方法。仿真结果表明,该方法能够减少抗连续LFM干扰时求取最佳变换阶次的计算量,而且可以有效抑制GNSS接收机中的LFM干扰。     

Chirp脉冲的分数阶傅里叶域测距

为了扩展利用Chirp脉冲测距的灵活性和适用性,基于分数阶傅里叶变换特点,提出了一种运算量更小且更具扩展性的Chirp脉冲测距新方法,并导出了其离散距离估计子的解析表达式。分析了该距离估计子的离散精度和多目标分辨力,考察了多普勒频移所引起的测距误差,并对比了本文方法与脉冲压缩方法的主要性能参数。研究结果表明:本文方法在大时宽带宽积条件下具有与脉冲压缩方法相比拟的性能,且运算量约减少一半。最后,仿真验证了理论推导的正确性。     

基于STFRFT的LFM引信抗欺骗干扰方法

针对线性调频脉冲压缩引信易受转发式假目标欺骗干扰问题,提出了基于短时分数阶傅立叶变换(STFRFT)的抗欺骗干扰方法。首先,通过分数阶傅立叶变换将回波信号与欺骗干扰各分量信号进行分离;再利用相同调频率的LFM信号经短时分数阶傅立叶变换后最大幅值与窗函数宽度成线性关系,而不同调频率的最大幅值不随窗函数宽度变化的特点,有效分辨假目标欺骗干扰,正确检测目标回波信号;最后,通过仿真证明了方法的正确性,并验证所提方法具有良好的抗欺骗干扰效果。     

一种高动态低信噪比卫星导航信号捕获方法

为提升高动态低信噪比环境下卫星导航信号的捕获性能,提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换(FrFT)及部分匹配滤波(PMF)的捕获方法。在该方法中,接收机首先利用PMF对接收信号做分段相干积分,随后借助快速傅里叶变换(FFT)对分段积分结果做离散快速FrFT,最后通过检测FrFT输出的峰值完成信号的捕获。由于具有多普勒频率变化率的卫星导航信号在FrFT后呈现能量聚焦特性,所提方法能够显著提高信号的长时间相干积分增益。同时对所提算法的捕获概率、平均捕获时间以及算法复杂度等性能指标进行了理论分析及计算机仿真验证。仿真表明,与传统的PMF-FFT方法相比,所提方法能够通过延长相干积分时间的方式有效提升高动态低信噪比卫星导航信号的捕获概率、降低捕获时间。     

基于滑动DFT和插值DFT算法的GPS信号载波跟踪方法

 在分析GPS接收机跟踪环路信号特征的基础上,将滑动离散傅里叶变换（DFT）算法和插值DFT频率估计算法相结合,提出一种在频域进行的载波跟踪方法。该方法首先根据捕获时得到的粗略载波频率估计值确定计算DFT值点的范围,然后利用滑动DFT算法计算这部分点的DFT值,最后利用插值DFT频率估计算法估计载波频率,进行跟踪环路中载波频率的更新。该方法计算复杂度低,便于实际应用。仿真结果显示,该方法能够对载波频率正确跟踪,验证了算法的可行性。     

LFM宽带雷达信号的盲压缩感知模型

在欠采样测量基础上,提出了一种基于盲压缩感知(BCS)的线性调频(LFM)宽带雷达信号欠采样与重构新框架。这一机制利用LFM雷达信号在分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)域上良好的能量聚集特性,将LFM及其延迟信号看做是未知p阶次FRFT域上的稀疏线性组合。首先通过时延相关解线调欠采样得到最佳稀疏FRFT域,再以此构造出原信号对应的p阶次离散FRFT(DFRFT)稀疏基字典,最后结合离散FRFT系数的块稀疏性利用块重构算法从测量值中估计出稀疏系数,同时论证了LFM信号单通道BCS问题解的唯一性,从而实现了稀疏基未知情况下针对LFM宽带雷达信号的盲压缩感知,为非合作条件下LFM信号欠采样采集与无源探测提供了一种新思路。     

A hardware-efficient, multirate, digital channelized receiverarchitecture

An approach is presented to realizing a digital channelized receiver for signal intercept applications that provides a hardware efficient implementation of a uniform filter bank in which the number of filters K is greater than the decimation factor M. The proposed architecture allows simple channel arbitration logic to be used and provides reliable instantaneous frequency measurements, even in adjacent channel crossover regions. In the proposed implementation of the filter bank, K is related to M by K=FM where F is an integer. It is shown that the optimum selection of F allows the instantaneous frequency measurement to be made in the channel crossover region and the arbitration function to be based solely on the instantaneous frequency measurement. The development of a filter bank structure which combines the flexibility of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) with the implementation efficiency of the polyphase filter bank decomposition, meeting these requirements and leading to a hardware-efficient implementation, is presented     

Digital channelized receiver based on time-frequency analysis for signal interception

A digital channelized receiver is presented for the interception of a wide variety of signals of complex structure, including those with low probability of interception. The receiver is designed from the perspective of the time-frequency analysis. It uses an extended time-frequency representation based on the noncoherent integration of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) on which the detection system and the encoder work. The encoder includes robust frequency estimation, automatic modulation recognition, and clustering, to handle broadband and simultaneous signals and to prevent out-of-channel detections (a typical phenomenon in channelized receivers). The receiver has been evaluated for a wide range of signals and shows a good performance in terms of detection, estimation, and processing of simultaneous signals. Signals collected from real-life systems and synthetic signals have been utilized.     

基于小波包分析的航空发动机轴承故障诊断

振动分析是进行滚动轴承状态监测与故障诊断的重要手段。当轴承某一元件表面出现局部损伤时,产生周期性的冲击脉冲力。因此,原来的平稳振动信号变成了非平稳振动信号。傅里叶变换在频域上是完全局部化的,但它不能提供任何时域的局部化特征,而窗口傅立叶变换尽管在时域和频域均具有一定的局部化特征,但其局部化却是固定不变的。针对常规方法难以准确分析非平稳信号的局限性,提出了基于小波分析的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,通过滚动轴承外表面损伤的实验信号进行小波包频谱分析,验证了基于小波分析的滚动轴承故障诊断方法是可靠、准确的,可进一步应用于航空发动机主轴轴承的状态监测和故障诊断。     

利用分数阶Fourier域滤波的机载SAR多运动目标检测

 强度相差较大的多运动目标检测是机载合成孔径雷达 ( SAR)技术的一个重点和难点,传统的频域滤波和现代的时频分布方法都无法解决这个问题。首先分析了机载 SAR运动目标回波本质上为线性调频信号,据此提出一种基于分数阶 Fourier域滤波的运动目标检测新方法,并且应用逐次消去的思想有效地解决了强度相差较大的多目标检测问题。仿真的结果验证了算法的有效性。     

Modeling and parameter identification of linear time-varying systems based on adaptive chirplet transform under random excitation

In this paper, a time–frequency algorithm based on adaptive chirplet transform for parameter modeling and identification of Linear Time-Varying (LTV) systems under random excitation is presented. It is assumed that the solution of responses of LTV structures is expressed as the sum of multicomponent Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) signals in a short-time. Then the measured acceleration response is used to perform the adaptive chirplet transform, in which an integral algorithm is employed to reconstruct the velocity and displacement responses. The vibration differential equation with time-varying coefficients is transformed into a simple linear equation. Furthermore, for systems under random excitation, the input–output relation based on correlation function is also derived to estimate the parameters including physicals parameters and instantaneous modal parameters. The full procedure of the method is presented and validated by using simulated responses. The results show that the presented method is accurate and robust for various LTV systems under random excitation.     

DTFT-based frequency lock loop for GNSS applications

A frequency lock loop (FLL) for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications is described here. The core element is the discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT), that leads to a maximum likelihood (ML) frequency estimation and can be conveniently implemented in a software defined radio (SDR) HW platform. The algorithm is based on the iterative evaluation of DTFTs in a single frequency until the incoming frequency is locked.     

基于FRFT的雷达信号chirp基稀疏特征提取 及分选

 特征分析是雷达信号分选识别的基础,利用稀疏分解思想对新体制雷达信号进行特征提取是一个新的研究方向。本文以分数阶Fourier变换的核函数作为稀疏分解的chirp基函数,将具有相近特征参数的chirp基函数构成基函数族用于稀疏分量提取,推导了在分数阶Fourier域基于匹配跟踪的chirp基函数族稀疏分解公式,然后利用chirp基稀疏分量的调频率和初始频率构成特征参数序列,将雷达信号脉冲分成5大类进行分选和识别,仿真分析验证了推导结果的有效性。结果表明对于具有线性或曲线时频特征的雷达信号在信噪比为-3 dB,采样频率为500 MHz,观测时间为2 μs,调频率不超过100 MHz/μs时,仍然具有95%的正确分选概率。     

An interpolation algorithm to improve range estimation for thelinear frequency modulated radar

Radar with the linear frequency-modulated signal may range the target. Its range resolution is decided by the signal frequency bandwidth. This paper proposes an interpolation algorithm based on fast Fourier transform to improve the accuracy of range estimation without increasing the frequency bandwidth. The algorithm application in practice is described. The simulation result of estimation accuracy is also given     

分数傅立叶变换用于抑制SAR杂波背景检测慢速动目标

慢速运动目标在时、空、频域上都落入主杂波区。利用单通道SAR图像中静止背景的信息抑制静止杂波,可改善检测动目标的性能。分数傅立叶变换是线性变换,不存在交叉项,采用分数傅立叶变换搜索匹配动目标信号,使其能量汇聚。对称计算旋转角正负对称的分数傅立叶变换,在两个对称的分数傅立叶域中得到两个复信号,这两个复信号中静止背景的模处处相同,而包含动目标的区域,模的幅度有很大差别,计算对称的分数傅立叶域信号对应位置模的差,取绝对值,可对消静止背景,敏锐地检测动目标。实测数据表明本算法有效。