基于低通等效的带通PSWF脉冲产生方法

椭圆球面波函数不存在闭式解,带通 PSWF脉冲信号的实时求解产生限制了 PSWF的应用。针对这一问题,从带通信号低通等效的基本原理出发,分析了带通 PSWF脉冲信号的低通等效形式；在此基础上,反向运用低通等效原理,给出了一种带通 PSWF脉冲重构产生方法,并用 FPGA对该方法进行了设计实现。这一方法将带通 PSWF脉冲信号的产生转化为其低通等效形式的产生,可有效降低信号产生的复杂度,该方法引入了正余弦变换,建立了非正弦 PSWF脉冲产生与正余弦变换技术之间的联系,为 PSWF脉冲的工程应用奠定了基础。     

一种基于半符号的PSWFs调制信号PAPR抑制方法

针对椭圆球面波(Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions,PSWFs)调制信号峰均功率比(Peak-to-Average Power Ratio,PAPR)较高,易受信道非线性特性影响这一问题,文章引入半符号的思想,针对仅传输半个周期的奇对称、偶对称信号,降低并行传输信号路数,提出了一种基于半符号 PSWFs调制信号 PAPR抑制方法。该方法在发射端仅传输部分波形,用以降低调制信号 PAPR;在接收端,利用函数良好的奇偶对称性,对信号进行恢复。理论与仿真分析结果表明,所提方法在未明显降低系统误码性能的前提下,能够有效降低椭圆球面波调制信号峰均功率比。     

一种新的椭圆球面波信号时频域滤波方法

针对如何在时频域降低干扰噪声对椭圆球面波函数(Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions,PSWFs)信号时频域分布特性的影响,引入精细滤波,提出了 1种新的椭圆球面波信号时频域滤波方法。仿真结果表明,所提方法在时频域以能量峰值点为基准,构造以距离为依据的滤波算子调节参数,能够有效抑制噪声对 PSWFs信号时频域分布特 性的影响,提高信号局部区域的能量聚集性。     

Identification of a 2D turbulent wind spectrum

Turbulent wind spectrum models usually involve nonrational terms. For such models the development of a Markovian time simulator relies on a rational approximation obtained by the way of an identification stage. This paper presents a general method to manage this identification stage, that provides us with a family of stable rational approximations which is proved to converge towards the true model as the dimension increases. We first give an exact but infinite dimensional state space representation of the spectrum. It is based on the use of a diffusive equation. For bi-dimensional (2D) signals it also uses decoupling by spatial Fourier transformation. Then the discretization of this exact model leads easily to stable finite dimensional approximations over a prescribed frequency range. This approach is applied to the identification of a theoretical 2D turbulent wind spectrum, and of a 1D turbulent wind spectrum estimated from in flight recorded data.     

Maximal capacity nonorthogonal pulse shape modulation

To improve spectral utilization of communication system, a novel nonorthogonal pulse shape modulation(NPSM) based on prolate spheroidal wave function(PSWF) is proposed. The modulation employs nonorthogonal PSWF pulses to transmit information and it shows a higher capacity than traditional orthogonal modulations. The NPSM capacity under the constraint of finite input alphabet, which is determined by parameters of PSWF pulse, is derived. An optimization model for maximal capacity of NPSM is constructed and an exhaustive self-adapting gradient search algorithm for the model is proposed. A practical NPSM scheme with the maximal capacity is obtained by this search algorithm and it is proved to be superior to orthogonal signaling in the capacity. Our theoretical analysis is validated by numerical simulations and practical tests, and the results show that NPSM outperforms orthogonal modulations in the capacity and has a lower Peak-to-Average Power Ratio.     

Helicopter aeroelastic analysis with spatially uncertain rotor blade properties

This paper investigates the effects of spatially uncertain material properties on the aeroelastic response predictions (e.g., rotating frequencies, vibratory loads, etc.) of composite helicopter rotor. Initially, the spatial uncertainty is modeled as discrete random variables along the blade span and uncertainty analysis is performed with direct Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). Uncertainty effects on the rotating frequencies vary with the higher-order modes in a non-linear way. Each modal frequency is found to be more sensitive to the uncertainty at certain sections of the rotor blade than uncertainty at other sections. Uncertainty effects on the vibratory hub load predictions are studied in the next stage. To reduce the computational expense of stochastic aeroelastic analysis, a high-dimensional model representation (HDMR) method is developed to approximate the aeroelastic response as functions of blade stiffness properties which are modeled as random fields. Karhunen–Loève expansion and a lower-order expansion are used to represent the input and outputs, respectively, in the HDMR formulation which is similar to the spectral stochastic finite element method. The proposed method involves the approximation of the system response with lower-dimensional HDMR, the response surface generation of HDMR component functions, and Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed approach decouples the computationally expensive aeroelastic simulations and uncertainty analysis. MCS, performed with computationally less expensive HDMR models, shows that spatial uncertainty has considerable influence on the vibratory hub load predictions.     

基于杂波子空间估计的MIMO雷达降维STAP研究

 多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达是近年来出现的一种新体制雷达,针对MIMO体制的机载雷达开展空时自适应处理（STAP）技术研究是值得进一步努力的方向。本文研究了机载MIMO雷达STAP技术的降维算法,通过对STAP技术杂波抑制原理进行分析,推导并得到一种基于杂波子空间的降维算法。结合扁长椭球波函数（PSWF）的特点,提出了一种基于杂波子空间估计的降维算法,并与若干降维算法的杂波抑制性能进行比较。结果表明,当存在阵元幅相误差时,该算法在保持杂波抑制性能的同时能够有效地降低STAP算法的运算量。     

新型Σ-Δ多通道动态测试分析系统研究与实现

 动态测试与分析系统需要动态范围（DRN）大、信噪比（SNR）高,传统方法实现复杂且成本高。本文分析了Σ-Δ调制的动态特性,提出基于Σ-Δ ADC(模-数转换器)ADS1271,Σ-Δ DAC（数-模转换器）AIC23及浮点数字信号处理器（DSP）芯片TMS320C6713的新型高精度动态测试与分析系统,实现了多通道实时动态测试与分析,系统具有24位采集精度,8通道可级联基本模块,实时频率细化FFT（Zoom-FFT）、功率谱密度（PSD）等分析功能, 正弦、瞬态扫频、随机和冲击响应谱等信号源功能以及高速USB2.0数据传输功能。系统用于振动、冲击、噪声工程等测试与分析系统,可取代国外最新产品。     

电子学常见波形的联系

锯齿波、方波、三角波和梯形波都可以展开为正余弦波形的叠加。利用一个与数论有关的公式,给出了用锯齿波、方波、三角波和梯形波表示正余弦波形的方法,进一步还给出了锯齿波、方波、三角波和梯形波之间的联系。这些关系在应用中具有基本而重要的作用。     

函数的Fourier级数展开

探讨了把定义在区域[-l，l]上的任意可积函数展成Fourier级数的各种形式并示以典型的算例。结果表明函数各种以无穷Fourier级数表达的展式是等价的。然而，以有限和形式表达的各种展式的精度有差别。因此，当把一个函数展成Fourier级数时，既要考虑可能的展开形式，又要考虑展开式的精度，力求二者之间的最佳选择。     

Tracking the Frequency Translation of a Sum of Orthogonal Sinusoids

The maximum likelihood approach is used to derive a method for estimating and tracking the frequency translation of a signal consisting of a sum of orthogonal sinusoids corrupted by additive white noise. The likelihood function is reduced to an equivalent statistic expressed in terms of the squared magnitude of the finite Fourier transform of the received signal. A function that generates an error signal for a frequency translation tracking loop is derived, and a method of generating the error signal using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of the received signal weighted by a linear ramp is suggested. Two noise-free examples are presented.     

Reduction of sidelobe self-interference in an agile beam radar

In an agile beam phased array radar, the beam is often multiplexed over several angular positions, and “listens” in each position only over an instrumented range that may be a fraction of the unambiguous range as determined by the pulse repetition period in each position. After transmitting a pulse in a given direction, the beam is switched, essentially instantaneously, to another position, after the instrumented range delay. In this second position, echoes from the first position, from multiple trips of the instrumented range, enter the one-way angular sidelobes of the first position. This interference is compounded if there are several beam positions in a pulse repetition period. The author proposes a method of phase coding the pulses in such a way that the pulse-to-pulse phase variation in each direction is orthogonal to every other phase code in the other directions. The codes are Walsh functions. These are sets of binary valued (+1 or -1) functions such that all of the functions in the set are mutually orthogonal. Not every possible number N of pulses in each direction and number K of beam positions can be accommodated, but a large variety of such combinations can be accommodated. Several examples are given. The combination of low one-way sidelobes and orthogonality (or near orthogonality) of the phase codes should provide for very stringent sidelobe self interference rejection     

Results from a Four-Element Adaptive Antenna Experiment

Experimental results from a four-element, linear, half-wavelength spacing, adaptive-array antenna under the control of the least mean square (LMS) algorithm are presented. The array is found to be capable of nulling a 70-MHz signal to -35 dB below a desired signal over a 5-MHz bandwidth. The antenna processing gain is constant over a desired signal-to-jammer signal power ratio range from -20 dB to 5 dB. A sharp reduction in processing gain is observed for angular separations between jammer and desired signal of less than 10°. Antenna patterns taken with weights set in 300 iterations of the LMS algorithm show that the one strong, one weak jammer combination has a longer weight convergence time and reduced processing gain compared with a two strong jammers combination. Contours of constant desired signal-to-jammer signal power ratio, after adaptive antenna processing, reveal a complex shape for communication between air and ground due to the finite angular resolution of the adaptive antenna.     

On Truncation Error Bounds for Sampling Representations of Band-Limited Signals

All sampling representations of band-limited signals involve infinite sums. The truncation error associated with a given representation is defined as the difference between the signal and an approximating sum utilizing a finite number of terms. In this paper truncation error is expressed as a contour integral for Lagrange interpolation, general Hermite interpolation, the Shannon series (cardinal series), the Fogel derivative series, and multidimensional sampling expansions. Truncation error bounds are obtained under various constraints on the signal magnitude, spectral smoothness, and energy content.     

动态时频谱分析、探测和跟踪的随机有限集法

动态出现和消失多分量信号的时频分析问题一直是非平稳信号处理的难点之一。为此，提出了一种分析、探测和跟踪多分量信号的随机有限集法。该算法利用时频变换，如短时傅里叶变换或自适应谱估计法，以及多项式预测模型，将多分量信号的时频分析问题归纳成可利用随机有限集进行多目标追踪的问题。分析表明：借助于提出的初始权重赋值算法，以及谱分量幅度和频率的联合似然函数，就可利用高斯混合概率假设密度滤波器来实现对动态时频谱的分析、探测和跟踪。在仿真实验中，所提算法有效提升了动态时频谱的跟踪精度，其对微弱时频谱分量的探测能力，以及对载频差异的分析能力均优于文献报道的算法。     

FEA OF RUBBER WITH NOVEL STRAIN ENERGY FUNCTIONS

This paper presents the results of finite element analysis of rubber structures based on novel strain energy functions stemming from the representation theorem of tensorial function. The stress tensor is represented by Taylor expansion, using the representation theorem of tensorial function of a single tensorial argument for all terms in each order of the expansion. The scalar-valued coefficient functions of the theorem are represented by the integrity bases of the strain tensor and material constants to be determined by experiment. The computer implementation of the new constitutive laws has been verified by comparing the FE results with analytical solutions. A complicated structure of rubber bearing was analyzed. The FE results show good correlation with experimental data.     

利用虚拟仪器实现角速度波动率的采集和处理

利用NI 的PXI-6281高速数据采集卡来完成角速度波动信号的采集,借鉴信号失真度的概念,分析角速度反馈信号的基波和高次谐波大小,求取高次谐波与基波幅值比,作为角速度波动率.     

Data Quantization for Narrowband Signal Detection

In automatic radar detection, digital integration of the envelope detector outputs is often used as a good approximation to the optimum. This requires quantizing the envelope detector outputs. In this paper, quantizer structures for narrowband signal detection are considered. Quantizer characteristics are derived to optimize performance as measured by the detector efficacy?an asymptotic performance measure. Asymptotic and finite sample performance results are presented. The results obtained are not limited in their application to Gaussian noise only, although this important case is given specific consideration.     

In-plane corrugated cosine honeycomb for 1D morphing skin and its application on variable camber wing

A novel 0-Poisson’s ratio cosine honeycomb support structure of flexible skin is proposed. Mechanical model of the structure is analyzed with the energy method, finite element method (FEM) and experiments have been performed to validate the theoretical model. The in-plane characteristics of the cosine honeycomb are compared with accordion honeycomb through analytical models and experiments. Finally, the application of the cosine honeycomb on a variable camber wing is studied. Studies show that mechanical model agrees well with results of FEM and experiments. The transverse non-dimensional elastic modulus of the cosine honeycomb increases (decreases) when the wavelength or the wall width increases (decreases), or when the amplitude decreases (increases). Compared with accordion honeycomb, the transverse non-dimensional elastic modulus of the cosine honeycomb is smaller, which means the driving force is smaller and the power consumption is less during deformation. In addition, the cosine honeycomb can satisfy the deform- ing requirements of the variable camber wing.     

用于气动声学计算的非均匀网格紧致差分格式

为克服传统紧致差分格式在数值求解非均匀网格问题时产生的寄生波,构造了一种新的高精度紧致差分格式.通过泰勒展开分析方法,详细给出了格式系数的通用形式;利用傅里叶分析方法,分析了数值耗散、色散误差.以3对角6阶精度紧致差分格式求解均匀扰动网格问题为例,计算表明:色散值和耗散值随扰动因子的增加而更加趋近于精确值;当扰动因子大于0.213时,格式不稳定,当扰动因子小于等于0.213时,格式渐近稳定;对一维对流波和二维波传播的模拟计算所得数值解与精确解吻合,体现了该格式在求解非均匀网格问题时的优越性.