电子设备故障预测与健康管理技术发展新动态

电子设备是各类航空、航天等高新技术装备必不可少的重要组成部分。与机械类设备存在明显退化状态征兆不同，电子设备退化状态无明显的外在表现，尚无有效征兆对其状态进行刻画，对其进行故障预测与健康管理存在一定的困难。针对该问题，梳理了电子设备故障预测与健康管理技术的基本概念和内涵，介绍了电子设备故障预测与健康管理技术的国内外研究现状，分析了当前复杂电子设备故障预测与健康管理技术面临的挑战和对策。在此基础上，结合未来复杂电子设备新特点及该领域最新研究进展，从基于间歇故障特征的健康状态表征、面向故障预测与健康管理的测试性设计和多源特征融合的健康状态评估等方面，提出了电子设备故障预测与健康管理技术发展的新方向。     

军用航空发动机PHM发展策略及关键技术

提出了军用航空发动机预测与健康管理(prognostics and health management,简称PHM)系统的发展策略和关键技术.首先回顾了国外航空发动机PHM技术的发展历史,简要分析了各个阶段具有代表性的技术特点;其次,详细论述了航空发动机PHM技术发展应当妥善处理的关系和重要问题,主要包括PHM技术发展与空军军事需求、PHM技术发展与技术成熟度体系、立足三代机平台发展PHM技术、在发动机全寿命管理体系引入PHM系统、建议的航空发动机PHM功能和结构等;接着,结合国内技术发展水平,给出了应当重点优先发展关键技术的建议;最后,简要总结了制约国内PHM技术发展的因素,展望了瞄准的技术发展目标.      

故障预测与健康管理(PHM)技术的现状与发展

 结合故障预测与健康管理(PHM)的技术发展过程,阐述了PHM的应用价值。论述了PHM技术系统级应用问题,提出了故障诊断与预测的人-机-环完整性认知模型,并依此对蓬勃发展的故障诊断与故障预测技术进行了分类与综合分析,给出了PHM技术的发展图像。针对故障诊断与预测的不确定性特征,对故障诊断与预测技术的性能要求、定量评价与验证方法进行了分析。最后,以PHM技术的工程应用为线索,提出了PHM技术发展中的几个问题。     

无人机故障预测与健康管理系统研究

PHM(故障预测与健康管理)技术作为一种新兴的故障诊断与管理方法,能对无人机重要部件、系统进行全面的健康状态监控、故障检测、分析判断处理,因而在无人机技术领域得到广泛重视和长足发展.文章通过对PHM技术的分析研究,搭建了无人机故障预测与健康管理系统的总体框架,并设计了无人机故障预测与健康管理系统模块.     

PHM系统验证指标研究

在分析预测与健康管理(PHM)核查与验证技术发展现状的基础上,深入分析了PHM系统核查与验证指标,从故障诊断和故障预测两个方面对主要的PHM系统能力度量指标进行定义和诠释。     

民用飞机健康管理标准规范体系分析

现代民用飞机在设计和维修领域的故障预测与健康管理(PHM)系统研制均需要技术标准的支撑,随着PHM技术的快速发展和应用,提高PHM系统研制的标准化水平,也成为提高民机健康管理业务灵活性与效率、技术风险的科学评估与管理、投资回报水平的迫切需要。全面梳理分析了以SAE、MIMOSA、ARINC、FAA、RTCA、IEEE为代表的国外先进标准组织编制的PHM相关的标准体系和应用范围;指出国内民用飞机故障预测与健康管理标准研究、编制和应用差距;参考SAE HM-1标准规范体系的规划和建设思路,基于系统工程的方法论,从顶层进行规划,初步设计了我国民机健康管理标准体系框架和各专题的标准题目分解。最后提出我国PHM标准体系开发思路,以及标准体系的编制工作实施建议。     

民用飞机系统的故障预测与健康管理系统设计

简要阐述了故障预测与健康管理（PHM）的内涵以及主要功能．提出了关于民用飞机系统的PHM系统的主要功能模块．包括数据分析、故障诊断、健康评估、寿命预测和维修决策等,以此设计了系统结构模块,并对其进行了详细介绍,最后提出了飞机系统PHM系统的设计与实现时的核心技术以及注意事项。     

军用飞机 PHM 系统一体化设计架构分析

军用飞机故障预测与健康管理（PHM）系统设计与工程应用存在设计标准缺失、复杂度高、准确率低等问题。通过对 PHM 系统数据、结构、功能维度的设计需求分析,提出三维多相迭代设计准则;基于三维多相设计准则对 PHM 系统设计流程进行梳理;提出基于软硬件协同加速的健康管理实时化、基于知识图谱的知识逻辑可视化、基于 MBSE ...     

PHM技术在液压伺服系统中的应用

为了提高液压伺服系统的可靠性和可用性,将故障预测与健康管理（PHM）技术应用到该系统中,并对其核心技术进行研究。重点研究在液压伺服系统的性能发生退化时对该系统进行的故障检测、健康评估及预测。对液压伺服系统PHM技术研究可为系统故障检测、退化评估和寿命预测的工程实践提供有力的理论支撑,并且PHM技术研究是故障诊断技术新的发展方向。最终,实验结果证明了该PHM技术在液压伺服系统故障诊断上的有效性和适用性。     

PHM体系中的航空器维修决策理论研究

PHM体系要求航空器维修决策策略从由事后维修或定时维修转变为视情维修。实际应用中,维修决策系统需要依赖于众多相关的故障信息,需要PHM体系完成对机载信息的监控、存储、传送以及故障的预测与诊断。PHM体系不是为了直接消除故障,而是为了了解和预计故障何时将发生,或在出现未料到的故障时,维修决策系统将快速确定触发维修工作。     

IEEE Standards for Prognostics and Health Management

Recently operators of complex systems such as aircraft, power plants, and networks have been emphasizing the need for on-line health monitoring for purposes of maximizing operational availability and safety. The discipline of prognostics and health management (PHM) is being formalized to address the information management and prediction requirements for addressing these needs. Herein, we will explore how standards currently under development within the IEEE can be used to support PHM applications. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of PHM and PHM-related standards with Department of Defense (DOD) automatic test systems-related research.     

Sensor Optimization Selection Model Based on Testability Constraint

Sensor selection and optimization is one of the important parts in design for testability. To address the problems that the traditional sensor optimization selection model does not take the requirements of prognostics and health management especially fault prognostics for testability into account and does not consider the impacts of sensor actual attributes on fault detectability, a novel sensor optimization selection model is proposed. Firstly, a universal architecture for sensor selection and optimization is provided. Secondly, a new testability index named fault predictable rate is defined to describe fault prognostics requirements for testability. Thirdly, a sensor selection and optimization model for prognostics and health management is constructed, which takes sensor cost as objective function and the defined testability indexes as constraint conditions. Due to NP-hard property of the model, a generic algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal solution. At last, a case study is presented to demonstrate the sensor selection approach for a stable tracking servo platform. The application results and comparison analysis show the proposed model and algorithm are effective and feasible. This approach can be used to select sensors for prognostics and health management of any system.     

A novel testability model for health management of heading attitude system

Prognostics and health management (PHM) is very important to guarantee the reliability and safety of aerospace systems, and sensing and test are the precondition of PHM. Integrating design for testability into early design stage of system early design stage is deemed as a fundamental way to improve PHM performance, and testability model is the base of testability analysis and design. This paper discusses a hierarchical model-based approach to testability modeling and analysis for heading attitude system health management. Quantified directed graph, of which the nodes represent components and tests and the directed edges represent fault propagation paths, is used to describe fault-test dependency, and quantitative testability information is assigned to nodes and directed edges. The fault dependencies between nodes can be obtained by functional fault analysis methodology that captures the physical architecture and material flows such as energy, heat, data, and so on. By incorporating physics of failure models into component, the dynamic process of a failing or degrading component can be projected onto system behavior, i.e., system symptoms. Then, the analysis of extended failure modes, mechanisms and effects is utilized to construct fault evolution-test dependency. Using this integrated model, the designers and system analysts can assess the test suite’s fault detectability, fault isolability and fault predictability. And heading attitude system application results show that the proposed model can support testability analysis and design for PHM very well.     

航空电子系统接口控制文档工具的设计与实现

针对基于信息管理方式实现的传统接口控制文档管理工具无法有效支持航空电子系统协同设计的问题,设计并实现了一套支持设计-分析-测试-验证流程的接口控制文档管理工具-ICDT,采用符合OSGi规范的插件开发技术,将元数据模型与对象关系数据库技术相结合,基于Hibernate/Teneo/EMF/GEF实现了对接口控制文档进行可视化的设计、分析、测试与验证。一方面解决了现有接口控制文档数据管理与航电系统设计过程脱节的问题,另一方面,通过基于系统工程的接口控制文档设计开发流程,能够有效地提高系统设计和集成验证的有效性。     

A novel approach of testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems based on failure evolution mechanism

Prognostics and health management (PHM) significantly improves system availability and reliability, and reduces the cost of system operations. Design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is an important way to improve PHM capability. Testability modeling and analysis are the foundation of DFT. This paper proposes a novel approach of testability modeling and analysis based on failure evolution mechanisms. At the component level, the fault progression-related information of each unit under test (UUT) in a system is obtained by means of failure modes, evolution mechanisms, effects and criticality analysis (FMEMECA), and then the failure-symptom dependency can be generated. At the system level, the dynamic attributes of UUTs are assigned by using the bond graph methodology, and then the symptom-test dependency can be obtained by means of the functional flow method. Based on the failure-symptom and symptom-test dependencies, testability analysis for PHM systems can be realized. A shunt motor is used to verify the application of the approach proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this approach is able to be applied to testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems very well, and the analysis results can provide a guide for engineers to design for testability in order to improve PHM performance.     

ICT测试技术在航空电子产品PCBA测试中的应用

针对当前航空电子产品印刷电路板组件(PCBA)日益复杂、测试需求量与日俱增的问题,分析了印刷电路板组件测试技术现状,阐述了自动在线测试即所谓ICT测试技术的原理和应用,指出了其适用场合和条件。结合航空电子产品小批量、多批次的特点,从几个维度思考了ICT测试技术在航空电子产品制造的未来发展方向。