检测质量对硅微机械框架振动陀螺影响的研究

 根据陀螺的动力学方程，从陀螺设计中的重要参数——内、外框架组件的等惯量约束条件和振动灵敏度等角度，探讨了检测质量对陀螺性能的影响，为微机械框架振动陀螺的设计提供了理论依据。     

质量不平衡双平衡环挠性陀螺的力学分析

 本文给出了转子和平衡环质量不平衡的双平衡环挠性陀螺的动力学方程,推广了理想情况下的陀螺动力学方程。分析了各种加速度对陀螺漂移的影响,列表给出了载体在各种线振动情况下陀螺的漂移,为工程应用上建立补偿陀螺漂移误差模型提供了理论依据。     

卫星天线双轴定位机构建模与仿真

卫星天线定位机构对控制天线的运动精确具有重要的意义。本文介绍了卫星点波束天线双轴定位机构的基本组成,建立了刚体动力学模型、仿真模型,并开发了仿真软件,对系统进行了仿真。     

高低温箱运行及故障分析探讨

通过对高低温箱的运行记录进行整理，分析其运行状况及故障，判断故障产生的原因，有针对性地提出故障排除的方法和设备维护保养措施，以延长设备的使用寿命。     

A new steering approach for VSCMGs with high precision

A new variable speed control moment gyro (VSCMG) steering law is proposed in order to achieve higher torque precision. The dynamics of VSCMGs is established, and two work modes are then designed according to command torque:control momentum gyro (CMG)/reaction wheel (RW) hybrid mode for the large torque case and RW single mode for the small. When working in the CMG/RW hybrid mode, the steering law deals with the gimbal dead-zone nonlinearity through compensation by RW sub-mode. This is in contrast to the conventional CMG singularity avoidance and wheel speed equalization, as well as the proof of definitely hyperbolic singular property of the CMG sub-mode. When working in the RW single mode, the motion of gimbals will be locked. Both the transition from CMG/RW hybrid mode to RW single mode and the reverse are studied. During the transition, wheel speed equalization and singularity avoidance of both the CMG and RW sub-modes are considered. A steering law for the RWs with locked gimbals is presented. It is shown by simulations that the VSCMGs with this new steering law could reach a better torque precision than the normal CMGs in the case of both large and small torques.     

Reducing Undesirable Effects in the Human Centrifuge

The human centrifuge is used to train pilots and astronauts for flights where they are subject to large accelerations. This paper deals with the problems of simulating such linear accelerations with a rotating device and presents suitable means of reducing undesirable simulation error. The advantages of using three gimbals rather than the usual two are considered. Numerical results illustrate the problems of simulation and the improvement achieved by the use of a third gimbal.     

Signal Detection Using Bit-Slice Microprocessors

A bit-slice microprocessor configuration is presented which is applicable to implementation of real-time signal detection algorithms. The general hardware configuration and appropriate software functions are described. General algorithms which are of wide utility in signal detection applications are discussed in the context of the defined hardware configuration. To facilitate the presentation and indicate the practicality of this system configuration, the application of the hardware configuration and software techniques to target detection for passively received signals using multiple receive beams is discussed.     

W-band airborne interrupted frequency modulated CW imaging radar

A 94 GHz imaging radar-based on the interrupted FMCW (FMICW) principles, with its associated gimbals for stabilization and scanning has been developed as an airborne test-bed to evaluate radar-aided navigation and guidance algorithms. Preliminary results from helicopter-based flight tests show sufficient contrast between selected features (including runways) and their surroundings for both computer- and human-pilot-based guidance. Feature extraction and matching algorithms have shown this system to be more accurate than GPS.     

Gyro Misalignment and Encoder Quantization Effects During Multi-Axis Evaluation of Strapdown Gyros

This paper presents a quantitative discussion of two error sources which affect the accuracy of data comparison between instrument outputs and reference angle computations during multi-axis evaluation of strapdown gyros. The error due to misalignment of gyro input axes is formulated in terms of closed-form solutions for typical relationships between the three table gimbal rotation histories. If the angular positions of the table gimbal axes are measured by shaft encoders, then any measurement has an uncertainty in the range from plus to minus one-half of the quantization level. It is shown that the effect of encoder quantization error on the computer transformed angles in the bodyfixed coordinate system can be divided into two parts: the initial uncertainty of the zero positions of the gimbals before table motion is begun, and all subsequent error contributions during table test. Typical data for gyro misalignment and encoder quantization error effects are presented.     

惯性平台稳定回路干扰观测补偿控制律设计

为改善惯性平台稳定回路静/动态性能,以工程实用性为原则,提出稳定回路干扰观测补偿控制律设计方法。从回路模型分析入手,借鉴干扰观测机制,将被控模型不确定性、轴端摩擦等视为未知扰动,通过前馈方式引入在线补偿,依据鲁棒稳定条件改进低通滤波器设计,结合线性反馈控制保证回路各项指标。模拟计算表明,该方法不仅保留经典控制响应快速、易调节等全部优点,而且系统鲁棒性显著提高。     

翼身融合飞机的空气动力学研究进展

翼身融合飞机(Blended Wing Body Aircraft-BWB Aircraft)是一种新型高升阻比无尾布局的大型运输机,其气动特性的研究是BWB布局飞机克服众多技术难题的基础。文章首先简述了BWB布局的研究历程,给出巨型BWB布局飞机的总体几何特征参数和基本性能,并简述风洞和自由飞试验情况;接着介绍BWB研究中的多学科优化平台,着重讨论气动优化技术,它是解决BWB布局气动问题的基础手段之一;然后综述BWB布局研究的热点领域:气动特性研究、气动弹性研究和发动机/机体一体化设计研究;最后提出BWB布局发展趋势的若干方面。     

数字孪生模型在产品构型管理中应用探讨

针对MBD技术的深层次应用,论述了数字线和数字孪生定义的概念和应用,指出数字线和数字孪生模型技术实施的重点和核心问题。指明全三维产品研制模式下对产品构型管理的新需求,探讨了基于数字孪生模型的产品构型管理方法和包含产品构型信息的产品数字孪生模型本体表达,为全三维研制模式下的产品构型管理提供了可行的技术解决方案。     

Neural network-based fault diagnosis for spacecraft with single-gimbal control moment gyros

This paper proposes a neural network-based fault diagnosis scheme to address the problem of fault isolation and estimation for the Single-Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscopes(SGCMGs) of spacecraft in a periodic orbit. To this end, a disturbance observer based on neural network is developed for active anti-disturbance, so as to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis.The periodic disturbance on orbit can be decoupled with fault by resorting to the fitting and memory ability of neural network. Subsequ...     

飞翼布局在无人侦察作战飞机上的应用探讨

从飞翼布局的特点出发,分析将飞翼布局应用于无人侦察作战飞机的优势,并探讨了将飞翼布局在应用中引入的几个主要技术问题。最后,指出飞翼布局是无人侦察作战飞机气动布局的较好选择。     

基于ESO的DGVSCMG双框架伺服系统不匹配扰动抑制

针对双框架变速率控制力矩陀螺（DGVSCMG）两种工作模式下内、外框架系统存在的不匹配干扰抑制问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器与状态反馈的扰动抑制方法。在对飞轮工作模式和陀螺工作模式下内、外框架系统的干扰进行建模和分析的基础上,针对其不匹配干扰设计了扩张状态观测器,通过坐标变换减小框架系统扰动对不匹配通道的影响,并结合状态反馈控制设计了复合控制器,同时对全局系统稳定性进行了分析。对框架系统进行的仿真结果验证了所提复合控制方法的有效性。实验结果表明,所提出的控制方法能有效减小耦合力矩对内外框架角速率带来的影响,在飞轮模式下使得内外框架的角速率跳动量分别降低了85%和78%,且在陀螺模式下使外框架角速率跳动量降低了75%。     

无陀螺捷联惯导系统

阐述了无陀螺捷联惯导系统的原理,推导了其力学编排方程,提出并论证了提高载体角速度的计算值精度的方法。从而得到了适于工程应用的无陀螺捷联惯导系统方案,对该方案进行了计算机仿真计算。得到了满意的结果。     

有翼再入飞行器气动外形集成设计优化

气动外形设计是有翼再入飞行器（RV-W）的关键技术之一。分析了气动参数对再入飞行性能的影响,探讨了有翼再入飞行器气动外形设计的规律和准则。基于上述设计准则,以类X-37B飞行器为研究对象,集成几何参数化建模、气动力、气动热、热防护等学科快速分析方法,采用多学科设计优化方法,以最优气动特性为目标对飞行器气动外形进行了优化;得到优化气动外形后,对飞行器热防护系统（TPS）进行了轻量化设计优化。结果表明,优化外形的气动特性相比初始外形得到了较大的提升,设计优化得到的热防护系统重量占比（8.7%）优于同类飞行器的热防护系统重量占比统计数据,说明了本文有翼再入飞行器气动外形集成设计优化方法的有效性,可为同类飞行器提供参考。     

水平风洞中开展飞机尾旋特性研究的理论分析

以某飞机尾旋特性为例,在水平风洞中利用具有3自由度的模型支撑装置开展飞机尾旋特性研究并进行理论分析;将基于3自由度装置的建模仿真结果与传统的6自由度飞行仿真、立式风洞尾旋试验结果进行对比,结果显示,三者具有较好的一致性;利用3自由度支撑装置开展飞机尾旋特性研究还可获得飞机尾旋进入和发展阶段的运动参数,可实现尾旋进入、发展及改出的全过程模拟。同时,研究了支撑装置曲杆惯量、机构摩擦和质心偏离等因素对飞机尾旋特性试验结果的影响,结果表明在曲杆及飞机模型设计时,需严格控制曲杆惯量和质心偏移,机构摩擦对试验结果的影响不大。     

大型平台的惯性稳定与地理坐标系姿态跟踪

介绍了一种大型两轴稳定平台的惯性稳定和地理系姿态跟踪原理,建立了稳定平台俯仰框架和横滚框架的运动学模型和动力学模型,进行了稳定平台横滚通道的角速度回路和角位置回路设计,仿真分析了姿态角测量误差作用下的稳定平台姿态跟踪性能,与利用加速度计反馈实现调平的两轴阻尼稳定平台进行对比,比对结果验证了本文设计的控制系统在水平姿态跟踪速度和抗干扰能力上的优势.平台样机进行了姿态跟踪测试,结果验证了结合定位定向系统(POS)的稳定平台惯性稳定和姿态跟踪控制方法可行.     

排式充气机翼的高效气动布局研究

为了提高充气机翼的刚度特性,需要采用较大厚度的翼型,但厚翼型气动效率整体上又不太高。探讨一种适用于低速充气类飞行器的排式双翼布局方案,并尝试给予后翼一定的初始安装偏转角,同时还研究了双翼相对位置以及翼型特性对该排式双翼布局方案的影响。数值模拟结果表明,后翼前缘驻点附近的高压区增大了前翼下表面的压力,使此种布局较普通单翼布局在中小迎角范围内可以明显提高飞行器的升力和升阻比,其中迎角4°时可将升阻比提高62.8%,而给后翼2°的偏转角可使将升阻比提高幅度达到70.5%。同时,双翼相对位置对飞行器气动性能的影响较为敏感。此外,翼型厚度越大,弯度越小,所提出的排式双翼布局方案提高升阻比的效果越明显。综合效果来看,文中探讨的布局可为充气飞机的设计提供一个新思路。