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火灾是影响运输类飞机安全运行的重要因素。飞机的防火系统为应急系统,通过对飞机的指定防护区进行探测、监控和报警并提供有效灭火,以保证飞机和机上人员的安全。鉴于此,防火系统与民用飞机的安全运行密切相关,也是适航条款要求的内容。旨在为民用飞机研制适航审定人员提供参考,同时也为防火系统适航审定工作提供相应的技术支撑。在分析民机防火系统功能要求和设计架构的基础上,依据中国民用航空规章第25部:运输类飞机适航标准(CCAR-25-R4-2011)的相应条款要求,分析了飞机防火系统可接受的符合性方法及防火系统验证试验中可接受的判据,给出防火系统在适航审查中的技术交联与工作协调。针对防火系统所涉及的各项条款,为局方提供了适航审查工作需要关注的审定要素和评审要求。研究有助于支持民机防火系统的安全设计与适航验证。 相似文献
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民用飞机辅助动力装置(简称APU)安装在飞机后机身APU舱内。APU舱作为民用飞机适航审查过程中的指定火区,需要经过严格的防火密封性验证。确保APU舱火区内可能发生的火灾危险不会传播到飞机的其他区域,影响到APU系统乃至整个飞机的安全运行。APU系统通过进气系统穿越APU舱防火墙与外界大气连通,为APU正常工作提供新鲜空气。进气系统穿越防火墙对APU舱的防火密封能力提出了很大考验。民用飞机适航审定也对APU进气系统防火性能提出了详细的适航条款要求。从APU进气系统防火适航条款解读入手,通过某型民用飞机APU进气系统防火适航审定实例,对进气系统防火从设计角度进行了研究,并且对适航审查时需要重点关注的防火密封区域进行了试验研究。 相似文献
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现代民用飞机防火系统研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
民用飞机的安全性设计是其能否取得适航资格的关键。防火系统是现代民用飞机上的应急备份系统,为飞机安全可靠飞行提供重要保障。在研究现代民用飞机适航条例和可靠性的基础上,针对防火系统在现代民用飞机上所起的作用和其所具备的特点,分析了现代民用飞机防火系统的总体设计和工作原理,并对防火系统的可靠性预计做了一定研究。 相似文献
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邝丽丽 《民用飞机设计与研究》2018,(1):19
在现代运输类飞机舱内,非金属材料的装饰和设备被大量使用。这些易燃材料是导致飞机火灾的重要原因之一,为了保障运输类飞机客舱安全,要求舱内材料防火。这也是当飞机发生坠撞事故后,为机上乘员逃离飞机争取时间的必要手段之一。通过研究和分析中国民用航空规章CCAR第25部中的适航条款要求,梳理出运输类飞机舱内不同非金属材料装饰和设备的防火适航要求,并为之提供具体的符合性验证试验方法,为运输类飞机舱内材料防火符合性验证工作规划和实施提供指导。 相似文献
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根据中国民用航空总局颁布的《中国民用航空规章第25部:运输类飞机适航标准》中的要求,需要对飞机水上迫降漂浮特性进行分析,以确保乘员能安全撤离飞机并乘上救生船。就水上迫降适航取证涉及到的条款要求,对民用飞机水上迫降漂浮特性模型试验的思路、试验程序进行了研究,然后对某型民用飞机进行了水上迫降漂浮特性模型试验,并对试验结果进行了分析,结果表明:本文所研究的思路和试验程序对于民用飞机水上迫降漂浮特性的适航取证研究具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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为了确保飞机在起飞后就出现飞机故障或紧急事件的情况下,能具有快速返场着陆能力,并尽可能降低应急着陆对飞机和飞机维护的影响,大型民用飞机通常需要安装应急放油系统,以实现快速空中放油。通过研究对大型民用飞机应急放油系统适航条款的要求,总结了民用飞机应急放油系统适航要求的立法背景,以及适航条款要求的演变历史和原因,并分析了具体的适航要求及相应的符合性验证方法,对民用飞机应急放油系统适航验证有一定借鉴和指导意义。 相似文献
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民用飞机驾驶舱逃生出口设计是飞机设计的一个重要方面,其中应急出口设置的合理性对机组人员的逃生有着极大影响,受到适航当局的普遍关注。结合FAA(Fedral Aviation Administration)相关咨询通告,研究了CCAR(Civil Aviation Administration of China)关于民用运输类飞机驾驶舱应急逃生出口的最新适航要求,总结了相关条款的变化内容及相应的适航符合性方法,并就关键注意事项进行解析,对民用飞机设计适航验证有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明:该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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Abnormal Shape Mould Winding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fu Hongya Wang Xianfeng Han Zhenyu Fu Yunzhong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):552-558
为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。 相似文献
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FU Hong-jun MA Chong-qi KUANG Nai-hang LUAN Shi-lin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):124-128
This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered. 相似文献
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Xu Chenghai Meng Songhe Zhang Mingfu Zuo Hongbo Wang Guigen 《中国航空学报》2007,20(5):475-480
本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。 相似文献
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CHENG Wen-yuan CHANG Yan CUI De-gang XIE Xiang-hui 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):55-59
To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm (PPGA) is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources. 相似文献