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《航空学报》2017,(10)
采用基于平衡滑翔的数值或解析预测-校正再入制导方法的再入飞行器,从初始下降段到平衡滑翔段过渡或出现较大预测偏差时易产生沉浮振荡,且随着近年来所研究飞行器升阻比的增加,沉浮振荡更加明显,从而引起了研究者对高超声速沉浮特性的重新审视。首先,通过三阶纵向动态方程及平衡滑翔条件推导出了形式简洁、能直观表达主要影响因素的再入飞行器高超声速沉浮特性近似解。在此基础上,分析发现高超声速沉浮阻尼特性随高度的变化规律主要由轨道速度比和沉浮修正参数主导,澄清了以往对大气密度梯度参数影响的猜测。最后,推导出再入轨迹振荡抑制器设计的近似解析关系,进一步完善了基于平衡滑翔的数值或解析预测-校正再入制导方法,仿真验证表明该方法能够有效抑制再入轨迹的沉浮振荡。 相似文献
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运用HPM-Padé(同伦摄动-帕德逼近)法导出了当喷注流体速度与距平板前缘距离的平方根成反比时,不可压缩常物性流体外掠平板层流边界层内无量纲速度和无量纲温度解析表达式,无量纲流函数1阶导数的HPM-Padé解析解与4阶龙格库塔法的数值解结果一致.利用HPM-Padé解析解研究了喷注系数和流体Prandtl数对速度和温度分布的影响.结果表明:Prandtl数越大,温度边界层越薄,壁面温度梯度越大;喷注系数越大,速度边界层厚度和温度边界层厚度越大,壁面速度梯度和壁面温度梯度越小,壁面喷注对平板有隔热作用;当喷注系数为0.619时,壁面的速度梯度和温度梯度为零,高温来流向壁面的传热被喷注流体完全阻隔. 相似文献
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为了适应低升阻比飞行器再入返回的大航程要求,针对大气跳跃再入飞行环境复杂并难以直接获得解析解的特点,基于匹配渐进展开法设计了一种跳跃式再入解析预测-校正制导方法。首先分析了低升阻比飞行器大气跳跃再入轨迹的飞行剖面和制导分段方法;然后分别推导了其运动方程以重力作用为主导的外解和以气动力作用为主导的内解的渐进展开形式,并通过匹配获得了统一的封闭解析表达式;接着基于此解析解实时预测飞行器的剩余航程,并通过不断迭代升阻比垂向分量以满足最后的落点精度;最后针对跳跃再入飞行的不同阶段设计了不同的制导策略以获得最终的倾侧角指令。仿真结果表明采用跳跃式再入返回技术,阿波罗指令舱的航程能够达到8 348 km,而解析预测-校正制导律的落点精度为0.338 km,证明了此方法的有效性。 相似文献
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《飞行力学》2020,(3)
针对临近空间拦截弹中制导段大部分所处空域空气稀薄的情景,提出一种基于虚拟拦截点的预测制导直接力修正算法。首先,为提高预报速度,利用弹道拟合法对再入段的滑翔弹道进行快速预报;其次,利用预报弹道的终点和预测拦截点的几何关系得到虚拟拦截点,针对虚拟拦截点解二体Lambert问题以确定变轨需用速度,并依据此速度预报弹道,解算零控脱靶量;最后,经多次预报后得到零控脱靶量最小的虚拟拦截点,以此确定最终变轨需用速度并利用速度增益进行修正。仿真结果表明,与无虚拟拦截点修正的策略相比,针对虚拟拦截点的拦截修正方法有效减少了发动机燃料消耗和零控脱靶量,更好地满足中制导能量约束和精度要求。 相似文献
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给出一种针对二阶线性系统方程直接进行降阶的二阶系统内平衡降阶方法。大型柔性空间结构动力学方程采用二阶线性微分方程描述,采用传统的一阶内平衡降阶方法降阶后的状态方程是一阶形式,破坏了原系统的二阶结构和物理意义。采用新方法降阶后的系统可以保持原系统二阶结构,同时可以进一步保持原系统的对称和正定特性。柔性空间结构系统级降阶的柔性模态方程通常为对角形式,针对这种特殊形式,系统可控和可观Gramian矩阵存在闭合解析解,给出了闭合解的具体表达形式。数值仿真结果表明,二阶内平衡降阶方法可以达到一阶内平衡方法一样的降阶精度,Gramian矩阵的闭合解析解可以大幅度提高Lyapunov方程求解速度。 相似文献
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《载人航天》2017,(1)
针对覆盖区的三个子问题——最大纵程问题、固定纵程下最大横程问题和内边界问题,设计了求解方法。在"r-V"空间内引入约束的对数表达形式简化了再入走廊的表达,提出了将再入轨迹分为"初始下降段、边界跟踪段和终端调整段"三段设计的轨迹规划方法,通过终端调整段的设计满足了再入终点的高度要求。为了跟踪所规划轨迹,引入了准平衡滑翔条件获取解析制导律。沿走廊上边界飞行获得最大纵程点;通过平移"边界跟踪段"轨迹使其布满再入走廊,解决固定纵程下的最大横程问题,获得外边界;而沿走廊下边界飞行获得覆盖区内边界。仿真结果表明方法快速、可行,在再入飞行器性能评估、再入任务设计和再入制导律评估等环节中具有工程应用价值。 相似文献
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考虑到地球扁率J_2摄动的影响,在非正交分解法的基础上,利用自由段弹道地心距迭代解析解,给出了一种弹道飞行器零射程线的计算方法。数值仿真结果表明,该方法具有很高的精度,且计算速度较快,在闭路制导能量耗散和多弹头进攻弹道设计中具有较高的应用价值。 相似文献
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基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明:该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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Abnormal Shape Mould Winding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fu Hongya Wang Xianfeng Han Zhenyu Fu Yunzhong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):552-558
为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。 相似文献
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航天器返回地球的气动特性综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
航天器返回地球的飞行过程中,气动特性是实现将宇宙飞行速度减到落地前速度、保证再入飞行得到有效控制以及再入防热安全可靠的关键因素。针对简单旋成体气动外形、半弹道式再入控制、烧蚀防热类返回航天器,综述了返回地球过程中变化的空气流域特性、航天器周围的气体绕流环境、空气与航天器作用产生的动力学与热效应等。系统地给出了该类航天器的再入气动特性参数与飞行性能的共性规律,包括:气动阻力与再入减速、气动升力与再入轨迹控制、配平攻角与飞行稳定性、气动加热与防热,以及再入过程中不同气动特性航天器、气象条件变化等对再入飞行性能的影响规律。为航天器开展返回飞行过程的跨流域气动性能工程研制提供设计参考。 相似文献
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Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
GAO Hong-liang ZHANG Hui WANG Shu-juan 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):75-80
Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved. 相似文献
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Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ZHOU Hong-guo WEI Xiu-ying MAO Chang-hui XIONG Yu-hua QIN Guang-rong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):172-176
The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃). 相似文献
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YANG Fen ZHANG Xue-jun TIAN Fang WU Xu GAN Fu-xing 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):181-186
Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration. 相似文献