PROBLEMS OF WINDBLAST

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直-9系列直升机机械师座椅研究

通过对直-9系列直升机机械师座椅使用现状的调研,提出了新型机械师座椅的改造方案,使新型机械师座椅具备抗坠毁性能,并能满足乘员使用舒适性要求,从而保护乘员的人身安全,保障作战训练任务的圆满完成.     

System of simulation training for unmanned aircraft

For proficiently operating an unmanned aircraft, the aircrew must be thoroughly trained. However, using practical equipment to train the aircrew is work of high cost and risk. In this paper, a system of simulation training for unmanned aircraft is introduced. Its function and composition are explained in detail. In practice, the system not only decreases training cost and risk, but also strengthens training effectiveness and diversity     

牵引救生装置性能仿真研究

为了获得牵引救生装置最佳性能,根据牵引救生装置的工作原理,针对牵引救生过程的不同阶段,建立相应的数学模型,用仿真计算的手段来确定弹射筒和牵引火箭的动力配置以及前后舱乘员程序离机的时间间隔,结果表明该牵引救生装置的设计方案为：弹射筒出口速度13m／s,火箭牵引动力5000N,工作时间0．7S,前后舱飞行员同时弹射。牵引救生装置性能仿真研究为救生装置的总体设计提供初步性能依据和最终技术方案。     

高速气流吹袭问题

在高速弹射时,防护气流吹袭对人体产生的损伤目前仍未有令人满意的方法。本文阐述了高速气流吹袭对人体的致伤机理并提供了头及四肢的防护约束方程组。     

考虑人机匹配模式的舰载机甲板机务勤务保障调度算法

舰载机甲板机务勤务保障是全周期起降保障作业的关键环节,为提升机群保障能力并减轻传统人工制定保障计划的负担,研究了多类人机匹配模式下舰载机甲板机务勤务保障调度算法。首先,系统分析机务保障所采用的单机机组模式、大机组模式和一体化联合保障模式等人机匹配模式,基于保障流程约束、资源转移和保障范围等各类资源约束,面向实际保障需求,以机务勤务作业完工时间、保障人员累积转移时间和闲忙比方差和为优化目标,建立了适用多类人机匹配模式的舰载机甲板机务勤务保障调度模型;其次,将机务勤务保障调度问题抽象为典型的资源受限项目调度问题,基于考虑资源转移的串行调度机制,设计了双种群遗传算法,对调度模型进行优化求解;最后,保障场景案例实验表明,调度模型和算法可实现不同人机匹配模式下的机务勤务保障优化,显著提升各项保障目标。在同等条件下,一体化联合保障模式具有更高的保障效率和较好的人员负载均衡性,且该优势随着转移入场飞机数量的增加而增加,而人员累计转移时间最长;单机机组保障模式的优缺点与一体化联合保障模式相反,大机组保障模式则介于两类模式之间。     

苏-27飞机"眼镜蛇"机动的机理和操纵

详细地介绍了苏-27飞机"眼镜蛇"机动的运动特点和完成条件,典型的"眼镜蛇"的过失速机动驾驶要领、动作特点和影响因素,可供从事过失速飞行实验,战术机动动作研究的技术人员和飞行人员参考。     

交流对机组失误的影响

分析了团队失误产生的一般过程，发现加强交流管理可以有效改善团队工作的整个过程，从而降低人为失误的发生．指出造成机组交流缺陷的多种原因．给出实际可行的交流方法以减少机组失误的产生。     

远航南极直升机的使用和维护

 本文介绍远洋航途中和南极地区的海情、地理环境和气象特点及其给直升机使用和维修带来的主要问题,并提出为适应远洋、极地使用要求,我国远洋舰载直升机应具备的性能。     

民用客机缝翼气动噪声数值模拟研究

空中应急离机系统是飞行试验过程中保证试飞机组人员安全的重要措施。对国外一些试飞飞机的空中应急离机系统进行介绍,并对空中应急离机系统的总体设计原则、组成、功能、设计理念及多种子系统设计方案进行研究及分析。     

Robotic Air Vehicle: A Pilot's Perspective

This paper focuses on concepts and technologies required to develop a robotic air vehicle (RAV). A vehicle of this type has the capability to be a launch and forget weapon system. The authors are engineers and pilots so they view both the technical approach and piloting issues with equal importance. RAV must have the machine intelligence to make decisions within the mission and battlefield constraints. This requires a piloting expert system and route planner to perform passive terrain following, terrain avoidance, obstacle avoidance, and autonomous navigation based on low cost sensor inputs such as a multifunction FLIR, digital terrain map, and directional reference systems. RAV is a cost effective way to fight in a threat environment where aircrew loss rates would be unacceptable. RAV provides the Air Force a means to expand its combat capabilities.     

Three-dimensional midcourse guidance using neural networks forinterception of ballistic targets

A suboptimal midcourse guidance law is obtained for interception of free-fall targets in the three-dimensional (3D) space. Neural networks are used to approximate the optimal feedback strategy suitable for real-time implementation. The fact that the optimal trajectory in the 3D space does not deviate much from a vertical plane justifies the use of the two-dimensional (2D) neural network method previously studied. To regulate the lateral errors in the missile motion produced by the prediction error of the intercept point, the method of feedback linearization is employed. Computer simulations confirm the superiority of the proposed scheme over linear quadratic regulator guidance and proportional navigation guidance as well as its approximating capability of the optimal trajectory in the 3D space     

A Self-Adjusting Single-Degree-of-Freedonm Free-Fall Environment Simulator

The free-fall space environment can be simulated on earth by using a test apparatus enjoying the property that its center of mass and center of rotation coincide. Such a condition can be realized by appropriately distributing mass about the center of rotation. This paper describes the mechanization and operation of a system that automatically distributes mass about the test apparatus center of rotation to cause the center of mass to be located within a prescribed distance below the center of rotation. The operating concept for the single-degree-of-freedom simulator is presented. A prototype system was constructed and tested to verify the feasibility of the concept. The system functioned as predicted and test table periods in excess of 60 seconds were obtained.     

考虑复杂人员搭配规则的机组人员派遣问题

人员搭配规则是国内航空公司机组人员派遣问题中最复杂的一项,为优化机组排班质量,提高人员满意度,保障飞行安全,针对国内机组搭配特点,创建考虑机组人员派遣公平性的指派模型,设计基于变邻域搜索算法和模拟退火算法的混合启发式算法,以某航司客舱机组派遣月计划为例进行数据验证,结果表明,该算法在较短的时间内得到更优的解决方案,满足人员排班的现实业务要求,为解决考虑复杂人员搭配规则的机组人员派遣问题提供有效的方法,从而促进智能化机组排班产品在中国航空公司的落地。     

Aircrew embedded training

A discussion is presented of the applications of the concept of embedded training for advanced military aircrew training. Three prototype embedded training programs in various phases of development are reviewed. Also reviewed is the current state-of-the-art in advanced simulation and range system technologies. Simulators, ranges, and embedded training are discussed with respect to their ability to satisfy a nominal tactical engagement. Each is found to have its own particular shortfalls. Current embedded training applications are found to have one thing in common with simulation: in general, both are presently limited to single-ship training capabilities. Embedded training is discussed not as a low-cost alternative to simulators and ranges but rather as an adjunct whose cost and effectiveness remain to be demonstrated     

商用飞机燃油控制开关及火警提示灯设计浅析

商用飞机燃油控制开关用来控制进入发动机燃烧室的燃油,是操纵发动机的核心器件。某些型号的燃油控制开关集成有火警提示灯,主要作用是在发动机发生火情时,点亮提示灯直观提醒机组人员利用燃油控制开关进行断油操作。针对目前航线上现役机型及正在研制的商用机型进行分析,对燃油控制开关的外形结构及火警提示灯的设计、功能及逻辑设计进行初步探索。     

基于通航飞机DA40维修演示系统的开发

提高通用航空器维修人员的业务水平,是通用航空事业快速发展的基本保障。为满足通用航空维修运行的需要,研发针对通用飞机的维修演示系统平台,可有效提高维修人员的学习效率,且具有广阔的社会效益和经济效益。系统基于DA40飞机维修手册和维修培训教学大纲开发,能较好地测试演示系统各项功能的完整性,具有广泛的示范意义。     

Cockpits for 2010 and Beyond

Truly optimal weapon system performance is highly dependent on the level of man-machine cockpit integration resulting from the intelligent application of crew station technologies. Future cockpits will incorporate a wide range of enhancements. Heavy application of artificial intelligence techniques can be expected to encompass the entire spectrum of crew station technologies; from data fusion, to optimized display resource management, to real-time onboard maintenance and fault reporting, and even to the optimization of pilot physiological needs. Emphasis on exploiting applications of the ultimate human resource, the mind, can be expected through the use of biocybernetics; initially to control previously manual and/or automated cockpit functions, and eventually to allow bidirectional communications. Future enhancements can also be expected to improve aircrew performance by allowing the pilot to take full advantage of aircraft maneuvering capability, and to operate effectively in hostile chemical, biological and radiological environments. New high resolution, full color, three dimensional crew station display devices will complement enlarged sensor suites and enhance aircrew situational awareness. Does the pilot really need to see the outside world to fly and fight effectively? Or, can panoramic display techniques, in an encapsulated environment, coupled with 4? steradian sensor coverage, increase performance? This paper strives to illustrate some ``no holds barred' approaches to making future fighter cockpits an ``in-tune' extension of the operator, based on current and projected tactical needs.     

机载雷达的空中定位研究

雷达告警器通过接收威胁源的雷达信号,经计算机处理、分析其信号特征,进而判别其类型、方位等信息,实时为空勤人员提供视、听觉告警信号,因而成为现代战机必备的电子对抗设备。以往相关文献中仅讨论了地面雷达对地面目标的定位问题,本文就机载全向雷达告警器的双机空中定位问题,经过严密的数学推导,利用方向余弦给出了威胁源的空间坐标计算公式,该公式简洁明了,程序运行时间短,为对威胁源进行实时监测提供了理论保障,同时本文对定位误码率差从两个角度做了理论分析,并相应给出了误差区和最大误差限。     

`And we were tired': fatigue and aircrew errors

It is argued, on the basis information obtained by the NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS), that the majority of errors made by aircrew members are cognitive errors, not control errors, and that a major contributing factor is fatigue. The ASRS incident reports indicate some aircrews often receive less than six hours of sleep, experience desynchronosis, and lack proper nutrition. The ways in which all these factors affect both individual performance and group (crew) performance are discussed