AOS自适应帧长传输算法研究

以自适应帧长传输的高级在轨系统(AOS)为对象,从提高系统吞吐量出发,对包信道复用、虚拟信道(VC)复用及帧同步技术进行研究并提出相关的算法。包信道和VC复用算法可有效解决传统固定长度帧的生成与传输问题,降低复用时延,提高复用效率;帧同步算法则解决已有算法受帧长度标识误码影响较严重的问题,提升帧同步性能和数据处理可靠性。在分析、推导并仿真各算法性能公式和参数的基础上,对系统吞吐量性能进行仿真比较。结果表明,新算法能够很好地适应AOS自适应帧长系统,保证系统高吞吐量性能。     

宽带数据链路中的帧同步技术研究

文中对宽带数据链路中的帧同步技术进行了研究。采用QPSK调制解调时,数据帧中同步字采用两个重复的符号长度为16的恒幅零自相关(CAZAC)复序列,通过检测两个CAZAC同步字来确认系统处于失步或同步状态。分析结果表明,基于本文给出的同步字的数据帧格式在进行帧同步检测时,在引入帧同步校核系数(α=2)和帧同步保护系数(β=8)后,平均同步捕获时间很短;且一旦系统处于同步状态,其发生失步的概率极小。     

高温下直流电位法测量裂纹长度的应用

介绍了直流电位法测量疲劳裂纹长度方法的基本原理、实现方法、及所需配置的仪器,并对有关影响因素作了分析.该测量系统主要用于在高温下测量各种材料在恒幅载荷下的疲劳裂纹扩展和门槛值试验中的疲劳裂纹长度,可以提高测量疲劳裂纹长度的自动化水平.     

基于PCI总线的时统接口卡的WDM驱动设计

时统接口卡是基于PCI总线的即插即用扩展卡,其主要功能是接收输入的时统信号以获取统一的系统时间并保持高精度的准秒同步,同时给外系统提供准秒1PPS、B（DC）码以及定制的脉冲等信号。本文介绍了基于WDM模型的时统接口卡驱动程序设计,主要介绍了驱动框架的实现,中断的处理以及驱动程序接口函数库的设计和实现。     

基于提前停止判决的编码软信息辅助载波同步

 针对目前编码辅助载波同步算法中复杂度较高、延时大的问题,提出了引入辅助停止判决机制的编码辅助载波同步算法。在现有的编码辅助载波同步结构基础上,该算法能对环路信噪比(SNR)进行实时判定,在环路SNR满足限定条件后提前停止编码辅助载波同步迭代,而不影响译码性能。采用新的相位估计方式估计含相位噪声的载波相位,提升了该条件下的环路信噪比。仿真采用码率为1/2的低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码作为编码方式,结果表明:在误码率为10^-5时,该算法减少了约50%的编码辅助载波同步迭代次数;在含相位噪声的信号条件下,与理想解调译码相比,性能损失不超过0.15 dB。     

流场计算程序自动并行化的帧同步和帧通信策略

针对流场计算中巨大的计算量和存储量要求及并行机使用困难的问题,研究以SPMD模式把结构化网格有限差分算法的串行程序自动并行化后的同步和通信方法。提出了一种有效的帧同步和帧通信策略,在每帧结束时集中进行同步和通信。同时,设计了同步点自动定位算法,它是实现该策略的关键技术。通过分析,证明帧同步和帧通信策略能保证并行流场计算程序的正确性,有效降低同步和通信开销,并便于实现消息传递,从而获得了可观的加速比。     

集群编队条件下通导一体高精度时间同步方法

针对集群编队条件下对高精度时间同步的需求，对通导一体高精度时间同步方法进行了研究，将卫星导航系统与数据链系统进行深度融合，提出了动基座条件下基于卫星导航载波差分算法的节点间高精度时间同步算法。该算法通过协同时间驯服的方式来抑制两次定位间隔间受钟漂影响导致的节点间时间同步误差发散以及节点间时钟修正不同步导致的时间同步误差，提升了编队组网条件下节点间的时间同步精度。最后,通过仿真对算法进行了验证。结果表明，时空同步精度可以达到1ns，可有力支撑未来集群编队作战、高精度协同探测、高精度协同制导等典型场景下对节点间高精度时间同步的需求。     

某些因素对30CrMnSiNi2A钢门槛值影响的研究

 本文研究了30CrMnSiNi2A超高强钢的降载方式,应力比、试样厚度及裂纹长度对门槛值及低速疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响。氧化物诱发的闭合效应与氢脆机制的相互作用导致了高强钢的门槛值与应力比的弱相关性。证实了试样厚度及裂纹长度在所观察的范围内对门槛值及低速扩展无明显的影响。     

Assessment and improvement of the capabilities of a window correlator to model GPS multipath phase errors

The potential of output from a window correlator to mitigate GPS phase multipath is reviewed and assessed based on the analysis of data collected in controlled multipath environments under both static and kinematic conditions. Previous findings that the method is suboptimal for reflectors leading to additional path lengths of less than about 7m are confirmed, and methods for combining this output with two other multipath indicators: time series of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and estimates of code multipath from dual frequency code and phase combinations, are investigated. A new method to combine all three indicators has been found and its application is shown to improve the quality of GPS static phase data by between 10% and 20% depending on the length of the additional path travelled by the reflected signal. The method can be applied completely automatically as it uses just the three multipath indicators; no knowledge of the surrounding environment is required. The paper concludes with some suggested practical applications.     

On the Acquisition Time for an Apollo Ranging Code

An Apollo ranging system is considered whose phase reference is obtained by a phase-locked loop for bit synchronization. The bit phase reference is noisy, and the error probability for the ranging code is shown to depend on the input signal energy per bit to noise density ratio. The procedure of computing the acquisition time for the ranging code is then presented and the acquisition time for a lunar ranging code is plotted versus the input signal-to-noise density ratio.     

Flower Constellation Set Theory Part I: Compatibility and Phasing

Flower Constellations are special satellite constellations whose satellites follow the same 3-dimensional space track with respect to assigned rotating reference frame. This paper presents the theoretical foundation of compatibility and phasing of the Flower Constellations. Compatibility is the synchronization property of a Flower Constellation with respect to a rotating reference frame while phasing dictates the satellite distribution property. Compatibility and phasing, which are ruled by a set of five independent integer parameters, constitute the two main properties of the Flower Constellations. In particular, the dual-compatible Flower Constellations theory, which allows a simultaneous synchronization of the Flower Constellation dynamics with two independent rotating reference frames, is introduced. Meaningful examples and potential applications are briefly discussed.     

Sequential track extraction

Sensors like radar or sonar usually produce data on the basis of a single frame of observation: target detections. The detection performance is described by quantities like detection probability Pd and false alarm density f. A different task of detection is formation of tracks of targets unknown in number from data of multiple consecutive frames of observation. This leads to quantities which are of a higher level of abstraction: extracted tracks. This again is a detection process. Under benign conditions (high Pd, low f and well separated targets) conventional methods of track initiation are recommended to solve a simple task. However, under hard conditions the process of track extraction is known to be difficult. We here concentrate on the case of well separated targets and derive an optimal combinatorial method which can be used under hard operating conditions. The method relates to MHT (multiple hypothesis tracking), uses a sequential likelihood ratio test and derives benefit from processing signal strength information. The performance of the track extraction method is described by parameters such as detection probability and false detection rate on track level, while Pd and f are input parameters which relate to the signal-to-noise interference ratio (SNIR), the clutter density, and the threshold set for target detection. In particular the average test lengths are analyzed parametrically as they are relevant for a user to estimate the time delay for track formation under hard conditions     

Frame Synchronization in the Presence of Errors and Erasures

An approach to the problem of achieving frame synchronization in the presence of jamming or other large disturbances is presented. It is assumed that the disturbance can be detected at the receiver, which then erases the corresponding bits and passes this information to the synchronizer. A synchronization algorithm designed to operate in the presence of both erasures and background errors is described and evaluated for a representative set of system parameters. This algorithm is shown to have a significant advantage over an algorithm which does not use the location information inherent in the erasure model.     

Video watermarking synchronization based on profile statistics

A novel temporal synchronization method for video watermarking by matching the profile statistics. The profile statistics, represented by the characteristic parameters such as position mean and variance in the x-and y-directions, of a frame in a video sequence can easily be calculated and sent as side information to the receiver. At the receiving end, temporal attacks such as transposition, dropping, and insertion can be detected by comparing side information and characteristic parameters calculated from the received video. The simulation results show that the proposed method can successfully re-synchronize the attacked video back to the original format with accuracy from 72.41% to 98.15% for various video sequences based on single frame matching. After the voting process, the GOP detection accuracy can be improved to the range of from 96.30% to 100%.     

高超声速全动翼面全时域耦合分析方法及应用

在流场-结构温度场同步计算方法的基础上,建立了多物理场全时域耦合分析方法,将方法应用于沿轨道运动的高超声速全动翼面热气动弹性稳定性分析。采用基于有限体积模型的CFD同步计算方法求解高超声速流场和结构温度场,建立映射关系实现结构有限元模型气动载荷加载和温度场赋值。采用移动坐标系和动网格相结合的方式描述变速度飞行和翼面偏转过程。通过坐标系变换将翼面偏转过程和振动过程的网格变形量叠加,考虑翼面振动和偏转的耦合非定常效应。针对沿轨道运动的高超声速飞行器,建立了同步计算方法与全时域耦合分析方法相结合的热气动弹性稳定性分析流程。研究发现,与同步计算方法相比,全时域耦合分析方法能够模拟结构振动对流场和结构温度场的影响,计算得到的监测点热流密度波动幅值占热流峰值的10%左右,而温度变化并不明显,相比于刚体模型,监测点温度只下降了0.3%左右。全时域耦合热气动弹性分析方法得到的颤振临界点在4-5号状态点之间,颤振形式为铰链扭转模态与一阶弯曲模态的耦合颤振,与"冻结"模态的热颤振方法结果一致。     

一种适应较大比例变化的多传感器图像配准方法

提出了一种基于边缘曲率区域极值和边缘相关的图像配准方法。算法首先提取图像的较长边缘并对其进行改进的Freeman编码;然后使用Freeman码计算曲线的曲率,根据曲率极值的对应情况初始匹配边缘并得到比例变换因子;然后重采样图像,使用边缘相关、一致性检测方法得到对应的相关边缘对,最后使用最小二乘法得到图像的配准参数。算法可以适应配准图像间有较大旋转角度和较大平移变换等情况。     

串行PCM码流解码电路设计与应用

测试台实现把接收到的±2. 5VPCM码流还原出原始数据信息,按照帧结构分路存储。该电路设计的关键是实现硬件同步,包括时钟同步、码同步和帧同步,并进行串并转换完成对高速PCM码的解调。给出了±2. 5VPCM码流经AD8138差分输出驱动后到HCPL2631光电耦合器的电路,将差分信号转换成TTL逻辑电平。本文主要详细讲述了如何利用差分变换后的波形提取位时钟信号。该电路设计已用于某弹上设备测试台,具有工作稳定,抗干扰能力强的特点。     

协同数据链的高精度时间同步设计

鉴于Link16中的RTT时间同步精度为百纳秒级别，针对其精度不高和需要GPS进行初始粗同步的缺点，本文分析了双向比对时间同步的各误差项，给出了各项误差消除或减小方法，最终能实现优于10 ns的时间同步精度，并首次提出不需要其它导航源进行初始粗同步的自主RTT算法。最后，在协同数据链动态自组织组网的需求下，对动态时隙分配时的RTT算法进行了分析，计算出对基准频率源的准确度要求，保证了改进算法在动态时隙分配时也能达到10 ns的精度。     

光学测量中心站远程监控系统实现

为了在执行航天任务时,远程控制数台光学测量设备对飞弹轨道的精密测量,设计了光学测量设备远程控制中心站。远程控制中心站的硬件系统完成计算机与各外置板卡间的通信,计算机使用带中断支持功能的I/O卡连接B码时统设备辨识出硬件信号;而软件系统则使用核心框架与业务逻辑层分离的方法进行设计。其中,核心框架层完成与所有接入系统的硬件传感器的通信及Windows内核级对象管理功能、中断服务功能、数据文件存储功能,核心框架只有很少的界面;业务逻辑层完成界面展现与数据处理功能,是具体的项目逻辑部分。核心框架与业务逻辑之间使用公用缓冲区与消息机制进行通信,这样,一旦软件系统的核心框架层调试完成后,将可用于更多相似的工程项目。通过分析,光学测量设备远程控制中心站可以实现全自动无人值守。     

飞行仿真系统网络传输与同步技术

网络通信是分布环境下飞行仿真系统需要解决的关键技术,包括网络传输量和时钟同步等。网络传输量方面,采用DR模型降低了网络数据更新频率,减少了数据通信量,并采用数据封包、解包的方法降低了网络频繁调用带来的时间损耗;时钟同步方面,采用了硬件同步电路和软件高性能时钟相结合的时钟同步方案,确保了飞行仿真系统时间推进的严格同步。在此基础上,构建了基于适配器模式的、支持多协议的通信引擎网络中间件,将顶层应用和底层通信进行有效隔离,降低了应用层开发量,加快了系统集成效率,在多型飞机模拟器中得到了应用。