碳/环氧波导滤波器导电层电铸工艺研究

前言碳/环氧波导滤波器是一种微波器件。该器件由于采用了环氧碳纤维做为结构材料,所以具有重量轻、强度高、尺寸稳定等特性。但是,环氧碳纤维复合材料是电的非良导体,所以用这种材料制成的波导管不起滤波作用。要使环氧碳纤维做成的波导管成为滤波器,就必须在结构复杂的波导     

Mach-Zehnder型光滤波器滤波性能改善的研究

介绍了Mach-Zehnder型光滤波器的结构,分析了其功率传输特性,针对该型光滤波器功率传输带宽较窄、锐截止特性较差的特点,提出了一种在Mach-Zehnder光滤波器波导短臂上插入光环形腔的改进型新结构方案.理论分析表明,该改进型Mach-Zehnder光滤波器功率传输带宽较宽,锐截止特性较好,可望在超密集波分复用(UDWDM)光纤通信的复用/去复用技术中得到应用.     

基于谐振隧穿效应的波导偏振器的综合研究

在基于谐振隧穿效应的波导偏振器中，根据各种模式损耗关系，我们研究了各层厚度，提出一种改进方法，以便得到这种偏振器的最优设计，也探讨设计器件的制造公差，在设计波导偏振器及其它器件方面这种研究是非常有用的，例如基于相同原理的选择波长滤波器。     

测试环境对卫星转发器幅频特性影响分析和修正方法

卫星通信转发器中使用的部分滤波器是波导滤波器。波导滤波器的中心频率在不同测试环境下会发生变化,若测试时不进行修正,将影响转发器幅频特性的测试结果,不能准确反映卫星转发器真实特性。本文首先描述了卫星通信转发器的幅频特性测试原理;然后给出了在常温常压测试环境下转发器测试中心频率的偏移系数计算公式,以卫星C/C转发器为研究对象,讨论卫星转发器的中心频率正确选择的方法,分析了不同测试环境对测试结果的影响;最后提出了对未考虑测试环境影响的测试数据的修正方法。     

基于HALT方法的光纤陀螺用Y波导可靠性试验研究

Y波导集成光学器件(以下简称Y波导)作为光纤陀螺的核心部件,其可靠性对光纤陀螺整体的可靠性有很大影响。为了快速作出Y波导的可靠性及寿命估计,使用高加速寿命试验(HALT)的方法开展Y波导可靠性和寿命估计的研究,研究环境因素(高温、快速温变以及高湿等)对Y波导性能的影响,结果表明高温会显著影响Y波导性能,且Y波导的高温破坏极限为150℃,工作极限为130℃,主要影响的参数是插入损耗和分束比。使用120℃的条件进行Y波导的高加速寿命试验,得到Y波导在120℃的寿命约为1 120 h,等效于25℃的93年寿命,并根据失效数量随时间的变化绘制出了可靠性浴盆曲线。完成了对Y波导的可靠性评估和寿命估计。     

基于多相结构的直接中频采样接收机设计及实现

直接中频采样的设计通常采用类似模拟接收机的结构,而基于多相结构的数字正交变换无需正交本振,结构上更适用于实时处理系统。本文对基于多相结构的数字正交变换原理进行了分析,并根据多抽样率信号处理理论,提出了一种内插时延滤波器、半带抽取滤波器实现方法。试验结果表明,使用该方法设计的系统切实可行。     

分层结构的雷达告警设备软件测试方法

雷达告警设备是现代作战飞机不可或缺的雷达对抗设备,主要用于对敌方雷达威胁信号的告警.分析了分层结构的雷达告警设备软件的特点,借鉴集成测试中自底向上增量式集成策略,提出了一种综合运用调试、插桩和仿真的配置项测试方法.测试结果表明,方法对此类以数据处理功能为核心、分层结构设计的嵌入式软件测试,有很好的借鉴作用.     

数控系统中B样条插补器的研究

深入地研究了一种新型B样条插补器的插补编程格式及算法 ;实现了插补器的工程化设计 ;并将该插补器集成在多轴联动数控系统中。     

宽带太赫兹非对称十字孔矩形波导定向耦合器的设计

根据波导定向耦合器原理,设计了一种太赫兹频段,采用非对称十字形孔耦合的矩形波导定向耦合器。通过优化波导结构和十字形耦合孔参数,在WR4波导频段内,实现了稳定的耦合平坦度、良好的方向性和工作带宽。仿真结果表明该型波导定向耦合器耦合度稳定在-19.9d B~-22.0d B之间,方向性优于32d B,相对工作带宽为40%。     

采用以谐振隧道贯穿效应的光纤偏振器

我们首次演示了一种采用谐振隧道贯穿效应、多层漏泄、全光纤的光纤偏振器，实验证实器件的偏振水光比（ＰＥＲ）≈２７ｄＢ，插入损耗（ＩＬ）≈３ｄＢ，并有进一步改善器件性能的潜力；为分析该器件，提出了一种简单的平面波导模型，理论预计与实验结果完全一致，进一步研究表明：通过适当选取器件参数，对于波长λ＝０．６３８８μｍ，消光比为６８ｄＢ，插入损耗为０．２ｄＢ；当λ＝１．３μｍ时，实现ＰＥＲ约８０ｄＢ，插入损     

Signal-to-Noise Ratio in the Bandpass Output of a Discriminator

A formula is derived for the output signal-to-noise power ratio from a limiter-discriminator that is followed by an ideal (rectangular) bandpass filter. This signal-to-noise ratio is shown to be inversely proportional to the difference between the cube of the upper cutoff frequency and the cube of the lower cutoff frequency. The formula commonly utilized by designers for the discriminator output signal-to-noise ratio was derived for the case of a lowpass filter on the discriminator output. The bandpass and low-pass formulas are compared to indicate 1) the advantage of bandpass filtering for the discriminator output, and 2) the error incurred if the designer employs the low-pass formula to evaluate the performance of a bandpass filter design. Finally, the accuracy of a narrow-band approximation for the bandpass formula is evaluated.     

An optimum filter for direct A/D conversion

The author describes a design procedure to find the optimum finite-impulse-response (FIR) filter coefficients when the characteristics of the bandpass filter preceding the analog-to-digital (A/D) converter are known. A simulation of direct A/D conversion performance shows the improvement over the filter coefficients designed to minimize the maximum error over a specified band of frequencies. DC cancellation may be added to the process with very little change in the coefficients of the optimum FIR filter or its performance.<>     

The effects of IF bandpass mismatch errors on adaptive cancellation

The effects of IF bandpass mismatch errors on adaptive cancellers are investigated. Frequency mismatch errors occur because of errors in the synthesis process of the bandpass filters which are designed to be identical and are in each input channel. Tapped-delay line transversal filters can be used to compensate for these frequency mismatches and thus improve cancellation performance. A pole/zero error model of the filters is developed whereby closed-form solutions of the maximum achievable average cancellation are obtained. This cancellation is a function of the order of the ideally matched frequency filters, the number of time-delay taps in the compensating transversal filter, the bandwidth-tapped time-delay product, and the constraints on these parameters. A design procedure is outlined for optimizing the canceller with respect to these parameters and their constraints; specifically, results are presented for Butterworth-type input filters. It is shown that an arbitrarily low output noise residue cannot be achieved by arbitrarily increasing the number of time-delay taps     

Planck satellite 70 GHz EBB-version back end module

The first complete 70 GHz back end module (BEM) of the coming Planck satellite is described. It includes an H-plane waveguide band pass filter, an InP HEMT amplifier, a diode detector made on 0.1 mm alumina substrate, and video amplifiers. RF parts are designed, manufactured, and measured individually and then the complete BEM is tested. Stringent requirements are set through the mechanical layout of the entire functional unit. Most specifications have already been met with the exception of conversion loss in band ripple which must be further reduced.     

Planck-LFI 44 GHz back end module

This work describes the principle of operation, assembly and performance of one branch of the 44 GHz back end module (BEM) for the Planck low frequency instrument (LFI). This subsystem constitutes a fully representative branch of the qualification-model version (QM). It includes waveguide to microstrip transition, GaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (PHEMT) low noise amplifiers (LNA), bandpass filter, square-law detector and dc amplifier. The fundamentals of the design of the RF part are described and all of the components have been tested individually before integration. Using single tone and wideband noise stimuli, the output voltage has been measured for several input powers, in order to obtain the sensitivity factor of the complete BEM. The effective bandwidth and the equivalent noise temperature have been calculated from the measurements, taking into account the frequency dependence on the noise source and the BEM. Finally, the low frequency output power spectrum has been obtained and a maximum 1/f knee frequency around 200 Hz has been measured with a 3 dB output signal video bandwidth above 50 KHz.     

Performance Degradation of MTI Circuits Due to Amplitude Limiting

The loss in output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to amplitude limiting is obtained for a radar circuit consisting of a bandpass limiter, coherent demodulator, matched filter, and moving-target-indicator (MTI) filter. The circuit is used in scanning MTI radars. The tandem connection of the limiter and coherent demodulator is a model for the saturation of the intermediate-frequency (IF) demodulator of an MTI radar. Results on special functions are used to obtain simple formulas for the loss in output SNR relative to a linear IF demodulator when the input SNR is less than -15 dB and the number of hits per 3-dB beamwidth exceeds 15.     

惯性/双目视觉里程计深组合导航方法

针对现有视觉里程计测量噪声大、匹配精度低、实时性差的问题,研究一种基于Kalman滤波器的惯性/双目视觉里程计组合导航方法.在视觉里程计中引入惯性导航信息,辅助完成实时图截取、搜索区预测、输出速度校正等功能,提高视觉里程计的测量精度与计算速度.利用Kalman滤波器,实现视觉里程计对惯导累计误差的修正,提升组合导航系统的导航精度.车载试验结果表明,惯性/双目视觉里程计深组合导航的实时定位精度优于0.5％D (CEP),具备工程应用条件.     

低成本的多普勒-捷联惯性组合导航系统

本文研究了一种采用低精度的惯性器件,应用卡尔曼滤波技术的多普勒捷联惯性组合导航系统。讨论了组合方案,推导了系统的动态方程,设计了一种最优和四种次优卡尔曼滤波器。对系统进行了协方差分析。分析结果表明,采用随机漂移为0.1°/h的陀螺仪,零位误差为10^-4g的加速度计,应用卡尔曼滤波技术可以实现1nmile/h的导航精度,成为一种低成本、中等精度的导航系统。     

正交调制实现窄带带通数字滤波器

为了提高滤波器性能并简化设计,采用正交调制等效结构实现了带通滤波,使一组中心频率不同,而其余指标都相同的窄带带通数字滤波器设计简化为一个窄带低通数字滤波器设计.对窄带低通数字滤波器设计,又采用了多抽样率多级实现技术,提高了运算效率,节省了存储空间.该设计已在TMS320C3X系列DSP芯片上调试通过,并运用于铁路电气化区段机车信号译码.     

基于对偶四元数的INS/GPS组合导航算法研究

在基于对偶四元数的捷联惯导解算方法的基础上,推导了以惯性系作为导航系的惯导误差方程,在此基础上设计了卡尔曼滤波组合导航算法。通过激光惯导跑车采集数据,进行了仿真分析,试验结果表明,该组合导航算法能有效的消除惯导累积的速度误差和位置误差,相比于目前广泛应用的INS/GPS组合导航算法,本文描述了INS/GPS组合导航的另一种实现方式,获得了相当的精度,具有一定的工程应用价值。