关于航天器标准化工作的思考

正几十年来,航天工程对航天器"零缺陷"理念的追求和对高质量高效率研制管理的要求,推动着航天器标准化思想、方法、手段的不断发展、不断进化。但是,对照"高质量保证成功、高效率完成任务、高效益推动航天强国和国防建设"的"三高"要求,我们还没有真正实现从"质量提升"到"高质量"、从"有效"到"高效率"、从"规模发展"到"高效益发展"的模式转变。航天器标准及其标准化理论方法作为核心竞争力的重要体现,需紧贴"三高"要求作出回应。本文主要从航天器标准化工作的历程、工作现状为研究基础,提出未来航天器标准化工作发展的新思路。     

航天工业总公司栾恩杰副总经理在第三次航天标准化工作会议闭幕式上的讲话

今年总公司相继召开了“9515”会议、院局基地领导干部工作会议,现正在广东召开企业工作会议和外向型工作会议。这些会议都有一项共同的内容,就是航天工业总公司如何适应新形势的要求,如何通过加强质量管理和质量保证工作来提高航天产品质量。总公司围绕质量工作,还印发了“航天质量年目标及工作计划的通知”、“航天质量管理改革方案的通知”等文件。今天我们又召开航天标准化工作会议,其中心内容是进一步研究航天质量管理     

实施精细化质量管理,确保载人航天任务成功

载人航天工程具有规模庞大、系统复杂以及质量与可靠性要求高等特点,工程实施20年来取得的辉煌成就,不仅是科技成功的典范,同时也是质量管理的成功范例。本文思考与总结了中国航天为保障载人航天工程任务成功,在质量文化、质量管理体系、过程质量控制、质量基础保障能力等方面实施的精细、量化的质量管理实践与方法,为载人航天工程后续任务以及其他大系统工程质量管理,提供借鉴与参考。     

航天元器件自主发展的思考与实践

分析航天元器件发展现状和现阶段面临的问题,从航天用户角度提出航天元器件自主发展的总体思路,提出从责任落实、制度建设、需求梳理、优化统型、供应商管理等方面加强工作的建议。     

中国航天科技集团公司2009年质量工作要点

2009年是集团公司深入学习实践科学发展观、认真贯彻落实第四次工作会议精神、全面推进航天科技工业新体系建设十分重要的一年，也是确保“十一五”各项任务顺利完成、统筹谋划“十二五”发展极为重要的一年．重点装备飞行试验和高密度发射等任务十分艰巨．航天技术应用产业和航天服务业面临着统筹好加速发展和防范风险的巨大压力．这些对集团公司质量工作提出了更高的要求。     

强化航天型号可靠性工作 深入推进航天型号精细化质量管理

论述了航天型号可靠性工作的发展概况,指出了当前航天型号可靠性工作中存在的突出问题,针对问题从可靠性工作理念、可靠性工作体系及职责、型号可靠性设计、分析与试验、通用产品的可靠性工作和可靠性技术基础几个方面提出了强化航天型号可靠性工作的途径,指出了强化型号可靠性工作的具体方向,为开创航天型号可靠性工作新局面,推进航天型号精细化质量管理提供了准则。     

实施精细化质量管理 加速实现航天质量管理能力的新跨越

当前．中国航天站在了一个新的历史起点上,航天科技集团公司已经进入改革发展建设新的关键时期。1996年以来．航天质量管理能力以其艰难而坚实的跨越．成就了中国航天的辉煌业绩．支撑了航天科技工业的快速发展。然而．新的形势、任务和目标。又赋予了航天科技集团公司新的使命和责任．带来了新的机遇和挑战。实施精细化质量管理．加速实现质量管理能力的新跨越．成为航天科技工业新发展的必然要求和战略选择。     

建立质量管理长效机制是治本之道

分析了当前国防科技工业的质量形势、存在的质量问题厦原因。针对“十一五”研制生产任务的特．最和质量可靠性要求．提出建立质量管理长效机制是质量工作的治本之道。并从转变质量管理机制;大力加强质量管理基础,打造产品实现全过程的能力．提高体系运行有效性;深入开展质量文化建设,打遣深厚的企业文化底蕴等方面论述了如何才能形成质量管理长效机制。     

航天科技集团总经理张庆伟谈深化航天质量管理

航天科技工业正在进入一个新的战略发展机遇期。在“十一五”发展规划中,航天科技工业是国家及国防科技工业战略性发展的重点。航天科技集团公司制定了铸造国际一流宇航公司的战略目标。新体制、新形势和新任务对集团公司质量工作提出了更高的要求。集团公司质量工作面临着新挑     

《航天标准化》期刊2004年报道要点

1.标准化方针、政策与目标·宣传国家和国防科技工业标准化方针与政策以及各项法规性文件的贯彻要求,行业标准化工作的目标与任务。·开展行业标准化法规体系的研究,落实集团公司有关型号研制与管理的标准化和质量法规的做法。·国家科技发展战略之一“技术标准战略”的研究,特别是在航天领域的研究。2.研究与探讨·市场经济条件下,标准化理论、管理模式和方法研究,行业标准化工作的方法创新和管理创新。·探讨航天两大集团公司标准化工作的新机制和运行的新模式。·标准化工作与市场经济接轨的实践和经验总结,深化研究加入WTO后航天标准…     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

对老年人体育锻炼负荷量监控方法的探讨

通过对老年人体育锻炼活动的情况进行相关调查，发现目前老年人体育锻炼中存在一些误区。因此本文针对这些现实情况提出，应根据实际情况运用一些简单易行的方法来对老年人体育锻炼实施医务监督，达到提高老年人体育锻炼的科学性。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

火箭推进剂液体晃动关机响应的数值仿真

本文采用VOF方法对火箭发动机关机阶段所引起的液体晃动进行了数值仿真，以氧化剂贮箱为例，得到了贮箱无阻尼环和带阻尼环时的晃动仿真图和液体质心变化曲线，检验了VOF方法处理碎波的能力。